Rabawar Rediyo
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Rabawar Rediyo Rabawar rediyo (wanda kuma aka sani da lalatar nukiliya, aikin rediyo, tarwatsewar rediyo, ko tarwatsewar nukiliya) shine tsarin da ƙwayar atomic mara ƙarfi ke rasa kuzari ta hanyar radiation. Wani abu mai ɗauke da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ana ɗaukarsa na rediyoaktif. Uku daga cikin mafi yawan nau'ikan lalata sune alpha, beta, da lalata gamma. Ƙarfi mai rauni shine tsarin da ke da alhakin lalata beta, yayin da sauran biyun ke tafiyar da su ta hanyar lantarki da makamashin nukiliya.[1]
Rushewar Alpha ta tsakiya yana fitar da barbashi na alpha na neutrons biyu da protons biyu; kuma aka sani da helium-4 tsakiya.
Lalacewar rediyo wani tsari ne na bazuwar a matakin ƙwayoyin zarra guda ɗaya. A bisa ka'idar kididdigar, ba zai yuwu a iya hasashen lokacin da wani zarra zai rube ba, komai tsawon lokacin da zarra ya wanzu.[2][3][4] Duk da haka, don adadi mai yawa na kwayoyin halitta iri ɗaya, ana iya bayyana ƙimar lalacewa gabaɗaya a matsayin ruɓen dindindin ko a matsayin rabin rayuwa. Rabin rayuwar ƙwayoyin zarra na rediyo suna da kewayo mai yawa: daga kusan nan take zuwa nisa fiye da shekarun duniya.
Ana kiran tsakiya mai ruɓewa da iyaye radionuclide (ko iyaye radioisotope), kuma tsarin yana samar da aƙalla ɗiya ɗaya. Ban da lalata gamma ko jujjuyawar cikin gida daga yanayin jin daɗin nukiliya, lalatar shine canjin makaman nukiliya wanda ke haifar da ɗiya mai ɗauke da adadin protons ko neutron daban-daban (ko duka biyun). Lokacin da adadin protons ya canza, an ƙirƙiri zarra na wani sinadari na daban.
Akwai sinadarai guda 28 da ke faruwa a doron ƙasa waɗanda ke da aikin rediyo, wanda ya ƙunshi radionuclides guda 35 (abubuwa bakwai suna da radionuclides daban-daban guda biyu kowannensu) waɗanda suka kasance kafin lokacin samuwar Tsarin Rana. Waɗannan 35 an san su da primordial radionuclides. Sanannun misalan su ne uranium da thorium, amma kuma an haɗa su da abubuwan da ke faruwa ta dabi'a ta rediyoisotopes na tsawon rai, kamar potassium-40. Kowane mai nauyi na farko na radionuclides yana shiga cikin ɗaya daga cikin sarƙoƙi huɗu na lalacewa.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ [1]"Radioactivity: Weak Forces". Radioactivity. EDP Sciences. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 4 March 2020.
- ↑ [3]Best, Lara; Rodrigues, George; Velker, Vikram (2013). "1.3". Radiation Oncology Primer and Review. Demos Medical Publishing. ISBN 978-1-62070-004-4.
- ↑ [4]Loveland, W.; Morrissey, D.; Seaborg, G.T. (2006). Modern Nuclear Chemistry. Wiley-Interscience. p. 57. Bibcode:2005mnc..book.....L. ISBN 978-0-471-11532-8.
- ↑ 2]Stabin, Michael G. (2007). "3". In Stabin, Michael G (ed.). Radiation Protection and Dosimetry: An Introduction to Health Physics. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-49983-3. ISBN 978-0-387-49982-6.