Ragewa (rugujewa)

Ragewa (rugujewa)

Rashin lalacewa shine tsarin rushewa wanda ke faruwa a lokacin haɗarin dutse da sufuri. Sufuri na kwakwalwan turɓaya da kuma sassauci saman dutse; wannan na iya zama ta hanyar ruwa ko iska. Ana samun duwatsu da ke fama da lalacewa a kan ko kusa da gadon rafi. Attrition kuma yana da wani bangare na alhakin juya duwatsu zuwa ƙananan duwatsu kuma a ƙarshe zuwa yashi.

Rugujewar lalacewa tana ba da damar fahimtar canje-canjen geologic na baya da na yanzu da kuma yanayin paleogeomorphic don a fassara su. Masu bincike suna amfani da siffofi (saboda raguwa) don nazarin rushewa da canje-canjen muhalli.

Hanyar aiki

• Effects of attrition along the Haast River in New Zealand
• 
  Pebbles tend to be larger upstream...
• 
  ...and decrease farther downstream...
• 
  until they are reduced to sand and silt at the mouth.

Adadin raguwa ya dogara da dalilai da yawa: kaddarorin ƙwayoyin kamar girman, siffar, farfajiyar, ƙuƙwalwa, da tsagewa, da kuma kaddarorin muhalli kamar lokaci, saurin, matsin lamba, shear, da zafin jiki.

Gabaɗaya, barbashi suna shafar raguwa a ƙasa, yayin da saurin koguna ke da girma, sabili da haka ƙwarewarsa (ikon ɗaukar laka) yana ƙaruwa. Wannan yana nufin cewa nauyin yana shafa kansa da yawa kuma tare da ƙarin ƙarfi lokacin da aka dakatar da shi a cikin kogi, don haka yana ƙara lalacewa ta hanyar raguwa. Kodayake akwai wani batu bayan sufuri a kan wani nesa cewa duwatsu sun kai girman da ke da kariya ga ci gaba da raguwa. Rarraba girman hatsi na sediments da aka samar ta hanyar raguwa za a sarrafa shi ta hanyar lithology na dutsen da aka samo su. Girman ƙwayoyin gabaɗaya yana raguwa yayin da kogin ke gudana zuwa ƙasa, a cikin tsari da ake kira ƙwanƙwasawa. Tun da raguwa yana shafar girman dutse yana kuma shafar motsi na dutsen, kuma girman da yanayin dutsen na iya bayyana yanayin da suka gabata na hanyoyin ruwa, kamar kwarara.

Rashin lalacewa

Yawan lalacewa ta hanyar raguwa yana shafar siffar duwatsu, lithology, da makamashi na tasiri, saboda haka, duwatsu masu laushi suna da saukin lalacewa. Yayin da raguwa da fashewa ke faruwa a kan dutse ya zama an dakatar da shi: a cikin kogi ko hanyar ruwa nauyin gado yana ƙaruwa saboda raguwa. Yankin da aka dakatar yana da tasiri sosai ta hanyar lithology, gangaren kwandon, hazo, da gobarar daji; gobarar daji gabaɗaya tana tayar da mahalli sabili da haka ilimin su. Rashin lalacewa, dangane da raguwa, sun fi girma a cikin hanyoyin ruwa waɗanda ke da duwatsu masu laushi, kamar shale, mudstone, ko wasu duwatsu na yau da kullun.

Yankin da ke rushe kogin.

Gwanin duwatsu da yashi yana faruwa a hankali a cikin yanayin ruwa fiye da iska. Wannan shi ne saboda Kwayoyin ruwa da ke kewaye da yashi suna kare shi daga haɗari kuma saboda yawan ruwa yana rage ƙarfin tasirin. Bugu da ƙari, mafi yawan ba daidai ba (idan aka kwatanta da zagaye) ƙwayoyin sediments shine mafi yawan yana da saukin lalacewa. Koyaya, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin sau da yawa sakamakon mummunan yanayin rushewa ne.

Bambance-bambance a cikin lithology yana shafar yadda saurin rushewa (ƙuntata) ke canza bakin teku. An lura cewa duwatsun schist suna zagayawa da sauri amma sai su lalace da sauri. Duk da yake Quartzite yana zama a zagaye na dogon lokaci. An gano Quartzite a zagaye cikin sauƙi idan aka kwatanta da schist da sandstone. Schists sau da yawa suna lalacewa cikin shimfiɗa a ƙarƙashin ƙarancin makamashi, ba ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ba. Sandstone ya lalace zuwa siffar tsakanin quartzite da schist. Duwatsun da suka sami canje-canje na sinadarai, kamar lithification, suna tsayayya da rushewa sosai.

Bayyanawa ta sararin samaniya

Rushewar ƙasa na iya shafar bayyanar sararin samaniya na duwatsu ta hanyar canza yawan isotope" id="mwiw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Cosmogenic isotope">isotope na sararin samaniya. Don haka, ta hanyar gano bayyanar cosmogenic don samfurori biyu na dutse ɗaya ana iya samun lokacin bayyanar da kuma yawan lalacewa. Mafi daidaito da ma'auni na isotope shine mafi daidaito yawan lalacewa ko lokacin fallasa zai kasance. Cosmogenic fallasa Dating kayan aiki ne mai ƙarfi wajen rage tsarin dutsen da ake fuskanta kuma yana iya haifar da kyakkyawar fahimta a cikin nazarin geomorphological.

Rashin ƙarfi a cikin yanayin teku

Rashin ƙarfi a cikin yanayin teku an bayyana shi a matsayin "teku da ke cinye ƙasa" saboda tasirin tasirin tasirin raƙuman ruwa da kuma babban sedimentation yana ba da damar wuraren hulɗa na teku da ƙasa su lalace sosai. Rashin teku yana haifar da bakin teku don komawa baya kuma zurfin teku yana ƙaruwa zuwa zurfin tushe na raƙuman ruwa.

Rugujewar bakin teku a Langeland, Denmark, ya nuna yadda tasirin tasirin makamashi na barbashi ke shafar wuraren hulɗa na teku.

Hawan matakan teku ya haifar da karuwar lalacewar bakin teku. Wannan yana haifar da damuwa ga masu tsara manufofi, masu binciken bakin teku, da masu tsara ƙasa saboda tasirin rushewa akan ambaliyar ruwa.

Yankunan bakin teku na dutse ba su da ciyayi: wannan yana haifar da ƙananan ko babu humic acid (haɗin kwayoyin kamar ƙasa). Babu wani humic acid yana nufin akwai karancin lalacewar sinadarai, don haka lalacewar a kan iyakar bakin teku kusan ta hanyar haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Ragewa a cikin saitunan dutsen wuta

Yayin da toka da pyroclasts na dutsen wuta suka fashe daga dutsen wuta suna fuskantar raguwa. Rashin ƙarfi yana ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa toka na dutsen wuta ya yi kyau sosai. Ƙarin lalacewa ya fi ƙanƙara. Sakamakon wannan shine rushewar kwanciyar hankali na dutsen mai fitattun wuta, tephra daban-daban (dutse da barbashi da aka fitar daga dutsen mai fashewa yayin fashewa), da kuma karin barbashi a cikin yanayi da ke shafar yanayi. Yawan raguwa a kan tephra yana shafar girman dutsen mai fitattun wuta- musamman zurfin da tsawo na ginshiƙi mai fitattun mutane.

Irin wannan tsari

Za'a iya kuskuren tasirin raguwa ga tasirin rarraba, wanda girman hatsi na sediments ke shafar hanyoyin sufuri na sediment misali dakatarwa vs. gado load. Wannan yana shafar rairayin bakin teku mafi yawa yayin da duwatsun suka fashe da juna, wanda ke sa su zama masu santsi. Hakanan ana lura da raguwar kayan ƙwayoyin cuta a masana'antar sunadarai, inda ba a so. Ana iya rasa kayayyaki ta hanyar tsari kuma ana iya ƙirƙirar gurɓataccen abu, yana buƙatar ƙarin tacewa.

Rashin lalacewa da ke Yaduwa a cikin aikace-aikacen masana'antu ya samo asali ne daga hanyoyi masu yawa: inji, zafi, da sinadarai. A cikin abrasive_blasting" id="mw2A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Abrasive blasting">fashewar abrasive, rayuwar amfani ta abrasive (yashi ko harbi) tana iyakance ta hanyar raguwa saboda yayin da aka tsufa, abrasive ya fashe. Rashin lalacewa yana ba da gudummawa ga wasu nau'ikan lalacewa kamar ƙarancin kuɗi da lalatawa. Kodayake sau da yawa ana ɗaukar raguwa a matsayin nau'in lalatawa sun bambanta saboda raguwa ba ya motsa wuraren da ke tsaye kuma a maimakon haka yana lalata su ta hanyar kayan da aka wuce.