Rashin ƙarfin lantarki

Rashin ƙarfin lantarki

Rashin juriya na lantarki (ERH) hanya ce mai zurfi a cikin yanayin da ke amfani da kwararar wutar lantarki ta yanzu don dumama ƙasa da ruwa na ƙasa da kuma gurɓataccen abubuwa. Ana wuce wutar lantarki ta hanyar ƙarar ƙasa tsakanin abubuwan lantarki na ƙasa. Tsayayya da kwararar lantarki da ke cikin ƙasa yana haifar da samar da zafi; wanda ke haifar da karuwar zafin jiki har sai an kai ga tafasa ruwa a zurfin. Bayan ya kai wannan zafin jiki, ƙarin shigar da makamashi yana haifar da canjin lokaci, samar da tururi da cire gurɓataccen abu. ERH yawanci ya fi tsada idan aka yi amfani da shi don magance wuraren gurɓataccen gurɓata.

Fasahar

Masana'antar sabunta muhalli tana amfani da dumama ta lantarki don gyara gurbataccen ƙasa da ruwan ƙasa. ERH ya ƙunshi gina electrodes a cikin ƙasa, yin amfani da wutar lantarki ta yanzu (AC) zuwa electrodes da kuma dumama ƙasa zuwa yanayin zafi wanda ke inganta evaporation na gurbataccen abu. Ana kama gurɓataccen abu ta hanyar tsarin dawo da tururi na ƙasa kuma ana isar da shi zuwa farfajiya tare da iska da tururi da aka dawo dasu. Kamar yadda ake fitar da tururi na ƙasa, ana kula da iska, tururi da gurɓataccen abu a saman don raba ruwa, iska da gurɓatawa. Magani da rafi daban-daban ya dogara da ka'idojin gida da adadin gurɓataccen.

Wasu ƙananan gurbataccen kwayoyin suna da ɗan gajeren rabin rayuwa hydrolysis Ga gurbataccen kamar waɗannan, watau 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane da 1,1,1-trichloroethine, hydrolysis na iya zama ainihin hanyar gyarawa. Yayin da aka dumama ƙasa rabin rayuwar hydrolysis na gurbataccen zai ragu kamar yadda aka bayyana ta hanyar lissafin Arrhenius. Wannan yana haifar da saurin lalacewar gurbataccen. Za'a iya magance samfurin hydrolysis ta hanyar ERH na al'ada, duk da haka ba za a dawo da mafi yawan gurɓataccen abu ba amma a maimakon haka zai lalace zuwa samfurin.

Akwai mafi yawan shirye-shiryen nauyin lantarki guda biyu don ERH: kashi uku da kashi shida. matakin uku na dumama ya ƙunshi electrodes a cikin maimaita triangular ko delta pattern. Kayan lantarki da ke kusa da su suna da wani lokaci na lantarki daban don haka wutar lantarki tana gudana tsakanin su kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto 1. Yankin da aka gurbata yana nunawa ta hanyar siffar kore yayin da ake nuna wutar lantarki ta hanyar da'irori masu lamba.

Hoton 1. Tsarin ERH na matakai uku

Matakan zafi na matakai shida ya ƙunshi electrodes shida a cikin tsari na hexagonal tare da electrode mai tsaka-tsaki a tsakiyar tsararru. An tsara jerin matakai shida a cikin shuɗi a Hoto na 2 a ƙasa. Har ila yau, yankin da aka gurbata yana nunawa ta hanyar siffar kore yayin da ake nuna wutar lantarki ta hanyar da'irori masu lamba. A cikin tsari na dumama na matakai shida akwai wuraren zafi da wuraren sanyi dangane da matakai da ke kusa da juna. Saboda wannan dalili, zafi na matakai shida yawanci yana aiki mafi kyau a kan ƙananan wuraren da ke ƙasa da ƙafa 65 a diamita.

ERH yawanci yana da tasiri sosai a kan kwayoyin halitta masu saurin canzawa (VOCs). Magungunan chlorinated perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene, da cis- ko trans- 1,2-dichloroethilen sune gurɓataccen abu waɗanda ake sauƙaƙewa da ERH. Teburin yana nuna gurɓataccen abu wanda za'a iya magance shi da ERH tare da wuraren tafasa. Za'a iya magance gurbataccen abu kamar xylene ko dizal tare da ERH amma bukatun makamashi suna ƙaruwa yayin da canjin ke raguwa.

Jerin mahaɗan da za a iya gyarawa da ERH
Chemical	Nauyin kwayar halitta (g)	Matsayi na tafasa (°C)
1,1,1-trichloroethane	133.4	74
1,1,2-trichloroethane	133.4	114
1,1-dichloroethane	99	57
1,1-dichloroethene	97	32
1,2-dichloroethane	99	84
1,2-dichloropropane	167.9	97
benzene	78.1	80
carbon tetrachloride	153.8	77
chlorobenzene	112.6	132
chloroform	119.4	62
<i id="mwcA">cis</i>-1,2-dichloroethyene	97	60
dibromoethane	187.9	132
ethylbenzene	106.2	136
1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane	187.4	48
man fetur	100	100
methylene chloride / dichloromethane	84.9	41
4-methyl-2-pentanone/methyl isobutyl ketone	100.2	117
2-methoxy-2-methylpropane/methyl <i id="mwlA">tert</i>-butyl ether	88.1	55
perchloroethylene	165.8	121
trichloroethene	131.5	87
Abin sha na <i id="mwpA">tert</i>-butyl	74.1	83
Toluene	92.1	111
<i id="mwrw">trans</i>-1,2-dichloroethene	97	48
vinyl chloride	62.5	-14
xylene	106.2	140