Rashin Ruwan Ganges
 Rashin Ruwan Ganges | |
|---|---|
| Gurɓacewa | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙasa | Indiya |
| Muhimmin darasi | Ganges (en)  da Gurɓacewa |
| Wuri | |
| Ƙasa | Indiya |
Gurɓatar da Ganges ke ci gaba da yi, wato babban kogi a Indiya, na barazana ga lafiyar ɗan adam da kuma muhalli. [1] Kogin yana samar da ruwa ga kusan kashi 40% na al'ummar Indiya a jihohi 11 [2] kuma yana hidimar kimanin mutane miliyan 500 - fiye da kowace kogi a duniya. [3]
An yi wasu shirye-shirye da dama don tsaftace kogin, amma sun kasa samar da sakamako mai mahimmanci. Bayan an zaɓe shi, Firayim Ministan Indiya Narendra Modi ya yi alƙawarin yin aiki kan tsaftace kogin da kuma shawo kan gurɓataccen yanayi. [4] Daga baya, a cikin kasafin kuɗin watan Yunin 2014, gwamnati ta sanar da aikin Namami Gange . [5] Zuwa shekarar 2016, an kiyasta an kashe kimanin dala biliyan ₹ 30 (dala miliyan 460 na Amurka) kan ayyuka daban-daban na tsaftace kogin, amma ba a samu nasara sosai ba. [6]
Manufofin da aka gabatar sun haɗa da rushe madatsun ruwa na sama don ba da damar ƙarin ruwa ya kwarara cikin kogin a lokacin rani, gina sabbin madatsun ruwa na sama ko ma'ajiyar ruwa ta bakin teku don samar da ruwan narkewa a lokacin rani, da kuma saka hannun jari a sabbin kayayyakin more rayuwa don magance sharar najasa da sharar masana'antu a duk faɗin yankin magudanar ruwa na Ganges.
Wasu shawarwari game da hanyoyin magance matsalar, kamar ma'ajiyar ruwa ta bakin teku, za su yi tsada sosai kuma za su ƙunshi manyan kuɗaɗen famfo don rage gurɓatar muhalli a Ganges.
Dalilai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da gurɓatar ruwa a Kogin Ganges sune zubar da najasa da sharar dabbobi na mutane, ƙaruwar yawan jama'a, da kuma zubar da sharar masana'antu a cikin kogin.
Sharar ɗan adam
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kogin yana ratsa birane 100 tare da yawan jama'a sama da 100,000, birane 97 masu yawan jama'a tsakanin 50,000 zuwa 100,000, da kuma kimanin garuruwa 48. [7] Babban kaso na najasa mai yawan kayan halitta a Ganges ya samo asali ne daga amfani da ruwan gida da wannan al'umma ke yi. Kashi uku cikin huɗu na dukkan najasar da ake samarwa a filayen arewa ba a yi mata magani ba kafin a zubar da ita zuwa Ganges da magudanan ruwanta. [8] Ko da an samar da ingantattun wuraren tace najasa, fiye da rabi ko dai ba sa aiki kwata-kwata ko kuma ba sa aiki yadda ya kamata. [9] Wani bita a shekarar 2022 ya nuna cewa kashi 37% ne kawai na lita miliyan 72,368 a kowace rana (ML/D) na najasa da ake samarwa ake magancewa. [10]
- ↑ Conaway, Cameron (23 September 2015). "The Ganges River is Dying Under the Weight of Modern India". Newsweek. Retrieved 11 April 2017.
- ↑ "Ganga receives 2,900 million ltrs [sic] of sewage daily". www.hindustantimes.com. Archived from the original on 9 September 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
- ↑ "The WaterHub". Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
- ↑ "How Modi government went horribly wrong on Ganga rejuvenation". 2018-10-16. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
- ↑ "Namami Ganga development Project gets 2037 crores". IANS. news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
- ↑ Mohit Dubey (2 August 2016). "RTI revelation: Rs 3000 crore spent on Ganga 'clean-up' without visible results". The Economic Times. Retrieved 25 June 2017. [permanent dead link]
- ↑ "The Water Page - River Ganga". African water.org. 12 December 1996. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
- ↑ "The race to save the river Ganges". Retrieved 22 February 2021.
- ↑ Chaturvedi, A (2017). "Fixing India's Sewage Problem". Stanford Social Innovation Review. pp. 3–4. doi:10.48558/JDQ6-EC26. Retrieved 11 May 2024.
- ↑ Breitenmoser, Lena; Cuadrado Quesada, Gabriela; N, Anshuman; Bassi, Nitin; Dkhar, Nathaniel Bhakupar; Phukan, Mayuri; Kumar, Saurabh; Naga Babu, Andraju; Kierstein, Anjin; Campling, Paul; Hooijmans, Christine Maria (July 2022). "Perceived drivers and barriers in the governance of wastewater treatment and reuse in India: Insights from a two-round Delphi study". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 182. Bibcode:2022RCR...18206285B. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106285. Retrieved 11 June 2024.