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Rashin amfani da kwayoyi

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Rashin amfani da kwayoyi
Sauran sunaye Rashin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi
Magunguna iri-iri da magungunamagungunan magunguna
Kyakkyawan Ilimin kwakwalwa, ilimin halayyar asibiti
Alamomi Amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi da yawa duk da mummunan sakamako
Matsalolin Yawan shan miyagun ƙwayoyi; [1] tasirin mummunan lokaci na dogon lokaci akan lafiyar hankali da ta jiki; samun Cututtukan cututtuka masu yaduwa; [2] a wasu lokuta disinhibition, wanda zai iya ƙara yiwuwar juyawa zuwa halayyar aikata laifuka [3][4]
Abubuwan haɗari Tarihin iyali; wasu cututtukan lafiyar kwakwalwa; amfani da kwayoyi a lokacin balaga da ƙuruciya [1] [5][6][7][8]
Hanyar ganewa Alamomin jaraba da dogaro da miyagun ƙwayoyi; rashin iya rage amfani; ci gaba da amfani duk da wayar da kan jama'a game da mummunan sakamako, da sauransu
Magani Magungunan gyaran miyagun ƙwayoyi
Rashin amfani da kwayoyi
Description (en) Fassara
Irisubstance-related disorder (en) Fassara
Field of study (en) Fassarapsychiatry (en) Fassara, clinical psychology (en) Fassara
narcology (en) Fassara
Effect (en) Fassarasubstance abuse (en) Fassara
Genetic association (en) FassaraLOC102723788 (en) Fassara da SLC6A3 (en) Fassara
Therapy (en) Fassara
Maganidesipramine (en) Fassara, doxapram (en) Fassara da substance abuse treatment (en) Fassara
Identifier (en) Fassara
ICD-10F10, F11, F12, F13, F14, F15, F16, F17, F18 da F19
ICD-9303, 304 da 305
MedlinePlus001522
eMedicine001522
Disease Ontology IDDOID:303

Rashin amfani da kwayoyi (SUD) shine ci gaba da amfani da kwayoyin duk da mummunar lahani da mummunan sakamako ga kai da sauransu. Kalmomin da suka danganci sun haɗa da Matsalolin amfani da kwayoyi da kuma maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi ko amfani da barasa. [9][10][11] Tare da cututtukan da ke haifar da kwayoyi (SIDs), ana rarraba su a matsayin cututtukani masu alaƙa da kwayoyi.

Cututtukan amfani da kwayoyi sun bambanta dangane da matsakaicin shekarun farawa.[12] Ba sabon abu ba ne ga waɗanda ke da SUD su sami wasu cututtukan lafiyar kwakwalwa. Haɗin gwiwar rikicewar lafiyar kwakwalwa da rikicewar amfani da kwayoyi (SUD) ana kiransu rikice-rikice masu haɗuwa.[13] Rashin amfani da kwayoyi ana nuna su ta hanyar matsalolin tunani, motsin rai, jiki, da halayyar kamar su laifi na yau da kullun; rashin iya ragewa ko dakatar da cinye abu (s) duk da yunkurin maimaitawa; motocin aiki yayin maye; da alamun janyewa jiki. Kwalejin miyagun ƙwayoyi waɗanda ke da hannu a cikin SUD sun haɗa da: barasa (alcoholism); wiwi; opioids; abubuwan motsawa kamar nicotine (ciki har da taba), cocaine da amphetamines; benzodiazepines; barbiturates; da sauran abubuwa.[14]

A cikin DSM-5 (2013), an haɗa binciken DSM-IV na amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi da dogaro da miyagun kwayoyi cikin rukunin cututtukan amfani da miyagu.[15][16] Matsalolin cututtukan amfani da kwayoyi na iya bambanta sosai; a cikin ganewar asali na DSM-5 na SUD, tsananin SUD na mutum ya cancanci zama mai sauƙi, matsakaici, ko mai tsanani bisa ga yawan ka'idojin ganewar asali 11 da aka cika. ICD-11 ya raba rikice-rikice na amfani da abubuwa zuwa kashi biyu: (1) tsarin cutarwa na amfani da abu; da (2) dogaro da abu.

A cikin 2017, a duniya an kiyasta mutane miliyan 271 (5.5% na manya) sun yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi guda ɗaya ko fiye.[17] Daga cikin wadannan, miliyan 35 suna da matsalar amfani da kwayoyi.[17] Ƙarin maza miliyan 237 da mata miliyan 46 suna da matsalar shan barasa tun daga shekarar 2016. A cikin 2017, rikice-rikice na amfani da kwayoyi daga abubuwan da ba bisa ka'ida ba kai tsaye ya haifar da mutuwar 585,000.[17] Mutuwa kai tsaye daga amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, ban da barasa, sun karu sama da kashi 60 cikin dari daga 2000 zuwa 2015.[18] Amfani da barasa ya haifar da ƙarin mutuwar mutane miliyan 3 a cikin 2016.[19]

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. 1 2 Thair T (2020). "Substance Use Disorder". In AAVV (ed.). Ferri's Clinical Advisor. Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 1321–2. ISBN 978-0-323-67254-2.
  2. ↑ Wang SC, Maher B (December 2019). "Substance Use Disorder, Intravenous Injection, and HIV Infection: A Review". Cell Transplantation. 28 (12). SAGE Journals: 1465–1471. doi:10.1177/0963689719878380. PMC 6923556. PMID 31547679. S2CID 202746148.
  3. ↑ Skjærvø I, Clausen T, Skurtveit S, Bukten A (November 2021). "Desistance from crime following substance use treatment: the role of treatment retention, social network, and self-control". BMC Psychiatry. 21 (1) 563. Springer Nature. doi:10.1186/s12888-021-03518-2. ISSN 1471-244X. PMC 8588672. PMID 34772369. S2CID 243991019.
  4. ↑ Leland DS, Paulus MP (April 2005). "Increased risk-taking decision-making but not altered response to punishment in stimulant-using young adults". Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 78 (1): 83–90. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.10.001. PMID 15769561.
  5. ↑ Hodder RK, Freund M, Bowman J, Wolfenden L, Campbell E, Dray J, et al. (August 2017). "Effectiveness of a pragmatic school-based universal resilience intervention in reducing tobacco, alcohol and illicit substance use in a population of adolescents: cluster-randomised controlled trial" (PDF). BMJ Open. 7 (8) e016060. BMJ Group. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016060. PMC 5629645. PMID 28821523. S2CID 1475517. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 April 2019. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
  6. ↑ Barry AE, King J, Sears C, Harville C, Bondoc I, Joseph K (January 2016). "Prioritizing Alcohol Prevention: Establishing Alcohol as the Gateway Drug and Linking Age of First Drink With Illicit Drug Use". The Journal of School Health. 86 (1). Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the American School Health Association: 31–38. doi:10.1111/josh.12351. PMID 26645418. S2CID 8906331.
  7. ↑ Parker EM, Bradshaw CP (October 2015). "Teen Dating Violence Victimization and Patterns of Substance Use Among High School Students". The Journal of Adolescent Health. 57 (4). Elsevier on behalf of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine: 441–447. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.06.013. PMC 10041881. PMID 26271161. S2CID 40481423.
  8. ↑ Moss HB, Chen CM, Yi HY (March 2014). "Early adolescent patterns of alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana polysubstance use and young adult substance use outcomes in a nationally representative sample". Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 136. Elsevier: 51–62. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.12.011. PMID 24434016. S2CID 13003820.
  9. ↑ Paglia A, Room R (September 1999). "Preventing Substance Use Problems Among Youth: A Literature Review and Recommendations". Journal of Primary Prevention (in Turanci). 20 (1): 3–50. doi:10.1023/A:1021302302085. ISSN 1573-6547. S2CID 264261699 Check |s2cid= value (help).
  10. ↑ Buchanan J (January 2006). "Understanding problematic drug use: A medical matter or a social issue". British Journal of Community Justice. 4 (2): 387–397 – via ResearchGate.
  11. ↑ Mekonen T, Fekadu W, Chane T, Bitew S (2017). "Problematic Alcohol Use among University Students". Frontiers in Psychiatry. 8. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00086. PMC 5437113. PMID 28579966.
  12. ↑ Hassan MA, Abdelhameed MA, Abd El-Naem MM, Abdelhafeez MH (2021-08-06). "Does type and number of used substances affect the severity of illness in patients with substance use disorders?". The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery. 57 (1). doi:10.1186/s41983-021-00361-w. ISSN 1687-8329. S2CID 236930825 Check |s2cid= value (help).
  13. ↑ "Co-Occurring Disorders and Other Health Conditions". www.samhsa.gov (in Turanci). 2024-03-29. Retrieved 2026-01-21.
  14. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "DSM-5".
  15. ↑ Guha M (2014-03-11). "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5 (5th edition)". Reference Reviews. 28 (3): 36–37. doi:10.1108/RR-10-2013-0256. ISSN 0950-4125.
  16. ↑ Hasin DS, O'Brien CP, Auriacombe M, Borges G, Bucholz K, Budney A, Compton WM, Crowley T, Ling W, Petry NM, Schuckit M, Grant BF (August 2013). "DSM-5 criteria for substance use disorders: recommendations and rationale". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 170 (8): 834–851. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12060782. PMC 3767415. PMID 23903334.
  17. 1 2 3 "World Drug Report 2019: 35 million people worldwide suffer from drug use disorders while only 1 in 7 people receive treatment". www.unodc.org. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
  18. ↑ "Prelaunch". www.unodc.org. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  19. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Alcohol2018".
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