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Rashin fitsari

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Rashin fitsari
Description (en) Fassara
Iri urethral disease (en) Fassara
ciwon filin fitsari
Field of study (en) Fassara urology (en) Fassara
Therapy (en) Fassara
Magani azithromycin (en) Fassara, erythromycin (en) Fassara da azithromycin (en) Fassara
Identifier (en) Fassara
ICD-10-CM N34.2
ICD-9-CM 597.80 da 099.40
DiseasesDB 27902
MedlinePlus 000439
eMedicine 000439
MeSH D014526
Disease Ontology ID DOID:1343

Urethritis shine kumburi na urethra. Alamomin da aka fi sani da su sun haɗa da zafi ko wahalar fitsari da fitar da urethral. Yanayi ne wanda za'a iya magance shi yawanci ya haifar da kamuwa da cuta.[1] Wannan kamuwa da kwayar cuta sau da yawa ana yaduwa ta hanyar jima'i, amma ba a kowane hali ba; yana iya zama idiopathic, alal misali.[2] Wasu abubuwan da suka faru na urethritis na iya bayyana ba tare da alamun bayyanar cututtuka ba.[3]

Alamomi da alamomi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Alamomin sun bambanta dangane da dalilin cututtukan. Ga abubuwan da ke haifar da cututtukan urethritis, alamun na iya farawa cikin 'yan makonni zuwa watanni da yawa bayan kamuwa da cuta. Abubuwan da ba su da cututtukan urethritis galibi suna nuna alamun bayan 'yan kwanaki.[4] Alamomin da aka saba da su sun haɗa da fitsari mai zafi, ci gaba da sha'awar fitsari, ƙishirwa, da fitar da fitsari. Ƙarin alamun sun bambanta dangane da jima'i. Maza na iya fuskantar jini a cikin fitsari ko maniyyi, ƙishirwa, tausayi, ko kumburi na azzakari, ƙaruwa da ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin ƙashin, da / ko ciwo tare da jima'i ko ejaculation. Mata na iya fuskantar ciwon ciki, ciwon pelvic, ciwo tare da jima'i, ko fitar da farji.[5] Non-gonococcal urethritis yawanci ba shi da alamun bayyanar a cikin mata, duk da haka, kamuwa da cuta na iya yaduwa zuwa sassa na tsarin haihuwa.[4]

Matsalolin

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Muhimman, duk da haka rikitarwa da ba a saba gani ba da ke da alaƙa da Neisseria gonorrhoeae, na iya haɗawa da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta da ke kewaye da urethra, ƙwayoyin urethral kamar scarring, da kuma lymphangitis. Idan an bar su ba tare da magani ba, ƙwayoyin cuta da ke haifar da urethritis wanda ba na gonococcal ba na iya haifar da matsaloli daban-daban. A cikin maza, rikitarwa na iya haifar da epididymitis, arthritis, conjunctivitis, cututtukan fata, da fitarwa. A cikin mata, rikitarwa na iya haifar da cututtukan kumburi na pelvic, ciwon pelvic na yau da kullun, vaginitis, mucopurulent cervicitis, da zubar da ciki.[6]

Dalilan da suka haifar

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An rarraba cutar a matsayin ko dai ba-gonococcal urethritis, wanda Neisseria gonorrhoeae ya haifar, ko non-gonococcel urethritis (NGU), wanda ya fi haifar da Chlamydia trachomatis, wanda aka lissafa shi da 20-50% na lokuta da aka gwada akai-akai.[7][8] NGU, wani lokacin ana kiranta non-specific urethritis (NSU), yana da dalilai masu kamuwa da cuta da marasa kamuwa.

Sauran dalilai sun hada da: [9]

  • Mycoplasma genitalium: [10] na biyu mafi yawan dalilin lissafin 15-20% na urethritis wanda ba gonococcal ba
  • Trichomonas vaginalis: asusun 2-13% na shari'o'i a Amurka; kamuwa da cuta galibi ba a nuna alamomi ba a mafi yawan lokuta [11][12]
  • Adenoviridae
  • Uropathogenic <i id="mwfA">Escherichia coli</i> (UPEC)
  • Kwayar cutar Herpes simplex
  • Cytomegalovirus
  • Arthritis mai amsawa: urethritis wani bangare ne na triad na arthritis mai saurin amsawa, wanda ya haɗa da arthritis, urethritis, da conjunctivitis.[13]
  • Ureaplasma urealyticum
  • Methicillin mai tsayayya da Staphylococcus aureus[14]
  • Rukunin B streptococcus[15]
  • Rashin jinin jiki: misali catheter-induced, jiki motsa jiki, riguna ko sabulu
  • Fungal urethritis a cikin mutum mai hana rigakafi [12]
  • Rashin jin daɗi [16]

Binciken ganewa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ana yawan gano urethritis ta hanyar tattara tarihi akan mutum da kuma ta hanyar gwajin jiki. A cikin mata, ana iya gano urethritis tare da gwaje-gwaje da yawa ciki har da: gwajin fitsari, gwajin jini, al'adun farji, cytoscopy, ko gwajin nucleic acid.[17] Mata kuma za su sami gwaje-gwaje na ciki da na pelvic don bincika fitar da urethral, da kuma tausayi na ƙananan ciki ko urethra.[5]

A cikin maza, ana gano urethritis ta akalla ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan: Mucopurulent ko purulent urethral fitarwa a kan jarrabawa, ≥ 2 fararen ƙwayoyin jini a kowace filin nutsewar mai daga Gram stain na swab na urethral, ko positive leukocyte esterase da / ko ≥10 fararen ƙididdigar jini a kowace babban filin wutar lantarki na fitsari na farko. Maza da suka cika ka'idojin urethritis galibi suna samun gwajin karfafa nucleic acid don Chlamydia trachomatis da Neisseria gonorrhoeae don tantance nau'in urethritis.[1] Maza za su sami jarrabawa a kan ciki, yankin bututu, azzakari, da scrotum.[2] Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani da gwajin rectal na dijital na prostate idan an ruwaito ciwon rectal ko kuma idan mutum ya tsufa.[3]

Rigakafi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ana iya aiwatar da rigakafin farko ta hanyar rage abubuwan haɗari masu canzawa waɗanda ke ƙara yiwuwar kamuwa da urethritis. Wadannan dalilai sun hada da, amma ba a iyakance su ba, jima'i (musamman jima'i mara kariya) da kuma fushin jima'i daga hulɗa da tufafi masu tsayi, aiki na jiki, da kuma abubuwa daban-daban kamar sabulu, lotion da spermicides.

Ana iya hana cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta da ke haifar da gonococcal da wadanda ba gonococal urethritis ba ta hanyar:

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ "WebMD - Better information. Better health". WebMD (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-04-25.
  2. ↑ "Urethritis". Harvard Health Publishing. July 2019. Retrieved 2020-07-27.
  3. ↑ Gillespie CW, Manhart LE, Lowens MS, Golden MR (March 2013). "Asymptomatic urethritis is common and is associated with characteristics that suggest sexually transmitted etiology". Sexually Transmitted Diseases (in Turanci). 40 (3): 271–274. doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31827c9e42. PMID 23407472.
  4. 1 2 "Non-gonococcal urethritis". nhs.uk (in Turanci). 2017-10-23. Retrieved 2020-08-02.
  5. 1 2 "Urethritis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". medlineplus.gov (in Turanci). Retrieved 2020-07-30.
  6. ↑ "Non-Gonococcal Urethritis". www.idph.state.il.us. Retrieved 2020-08-02.
  7. ↑ "Urethritis: Symptoms, causes, and treatment". www.medicalnewstoday.com (in Turanci). 2017-02-07. Retrieved 2022-04-25.
  8. ↑ Moi H, Blee K, Horner PJ (July 2015). "Management of non-gonococcal urethritis". BMC Infectious Diseases. 15 (1): 294. doi:10.1186/s12879-015-1043-4. PMC 4518518. PMID 26220178.
  9. ↑ "Disease characterized by urethritis and cervicitis". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2015. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  10. ↑ "Diseases Characterized by Urethritis and Cervicitis - 2015 STD Treatment Guidelines". www.cdc.gov (in Turanci). Retrieved 2017-12-08.
  11. ↑ Caini S, Gandini S, Dudas M, Bremer V, Severi E, Gherasim A (August 2014). "Sexually transmitted infections and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Cancer Epidemiology. 38 (4): 329–338. doi:10.1016/j.canep.2014.06.002. PMID 24986642.
  12. 1 2 Hakenberg OW, Harke N, Wagenlehner F (2017-04-01). "Urethritis in Men and Women". European Urology Supplements. Incorporating the EAU-EBU Update Series. 16 (4): 144–148. doi:10.1016/j.eursup.2017.01.002.
  13. ↑ "What is Reactive Arthritis?". niams.nih.gov. National Institutes of Health. 7 April 2017. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
  14. ↑ Sharma P, Singal A (September 1999). "Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus non-gonococcal urethritis". Acta Dermato-Venereologica. 79 (5): 415. doi:10.1080/000155599750010599. PMID 10494743.
  15. ↑ Chowdhury MN, Pareek SS (February 1984). "Urethritis caused by group B streptococci: a case report". The British Journal of Venereal Diseases. 60 (1): 56–57. doi:10.1136/sti.60.1.56. PMC 1046272. PMID 6365237.
  16. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Young_2020".
  17. ↑ "Urethritis in Women". Saint Luke's Health System (in Turanci). Retrieved 2020-07-30.
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