Rashin fyade a Indiya
| Bayanai | |
|---|---|
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | Fyade |
| Ƙasa | Indiya |
Fyaɗe shine laifi na huɗu mafi yawanci akan mata a Indiya.[1] An bayyana Indiya a matsayin daya daga cikin "kasashe da ke da mafi ƙarancin fyade ga kowane mutum". Dangane da rahoton shekara-shekara na 2021 na Ofishin Rubuce-rubucen Laifuka na Kasa (NCRB), an yi rajistar shari'o'in fyade 31,677 a duk faɗin ƙasar, ko kuma matsakaicin shari'oʼi 86 a kowace rana, hauhawar daga 2020 tare da shari'o" 28,046, yayin da a cikin 2019, an yi rajista da shari'ar 32,033. Daga cikin jimlar shari'o'in fyade 31,677, 28,147 (kusan 89%) na fyade sun aikata ta mutanen da aka sani ga wanda aka azabtar. Kashi na wadanda abin ya shafa wadanda ba su kai shekara 18 ba - shekarun yarda na doka - ya tsaya a kashi 10%.[2] Dangane da bayanan 'Yan sanda na Delhi daga 2019-2020, kashi 44% na wadanda aka yi wa fyade sun gano wanda ake tuhuma a matsayin dangi ko memba na iyali.[3]
Gwamnati ta kuma sanya jima'i da aka yi a kan alkawarin aure na ƙarya a matsayin fyade. Yawancin fyade a Indiya, kamar sauran ƙasashe da yawa, ba a ba da rahoto ba, kodayake shirye-shiryen bayar da rahoton fyade na iya karuwa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. bayan faruwar al'amura da dama sun samu kulawar kafafen yada labarai da kuma jawo zanga-zangar jama'a na gida da na kasa baki daya. Wannan ya sa gwamnati ta sake gyara dokar ta na laifukan fyade da cin zarafi.
Dangane da kididdigar NCRB 2021, Rajasthan ta ba da rahoton mafi yawan fyade tsakanin jihohin Indiya, sannan Madhya Pradesh da Uttar Pradesh suka biyo baya. Daga cikin biranen birane, babban birnin Delhi ya ci gaba da samun mafi girman fyade a lokuta 1,226 a cikin 2021, yayin da Jaipur ke da mafi girman fyada (34 ga kowane mutum 100,000). Kolkata tana da mafi ƙarancin adadin fyade da aka yi rajista tsakanin biranen birane, tare da mafi ƙanƙanta yawan fyade.
Ma'anar a cikin Dokar Shari'a ta Indiya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Kafin 3 ga Fabrairu 2013, Sashe na 375 na Dokar Shari'a ta Indiya ya bayyana fyade kamar haka:
§375. Rashin fyade. An ce wani mutum ya yi "yi wa fyade" wanda, sai dai idan an cire shi nan gaba, yana da jima'i tare da mace a cikin yanayin da ya fada ƙarƙashin kowane bayani guda shida masu zuwa:
Da farko. -- Ba tare da son zuciyarta ba.
Na biyu. -- Ba tare da yardarta ba.
Na uku. -- Tare da yardar ta, lokacin da aka sami yardar ta ta hanyar sanya ta ko wani mutum da take sha'awarsa, cikin tsoron mutuwa ko rauni.
Na huɗu. -- Tare da yardar ta, lokacin da mutumin ya san cewa shi ba mijinta ba ne, kuma an ba da yardar ita saboda ta yi imanin cewa shi wani mutum ne wanda ta kasance ko kuma ta yi imakin kanta ta yi aure bisa doka.
Na biyar. -- Tare da yardar ta, lokacin da, a lokacin da ta ba da irin wannan yardar, saboda rashin hankali ko maye ko kuma gudanarwa da kansa ko ta hanyar wani abu mai banƙyama ko mara kyau, ba ta iya fahimtar yanayin da sakamakon abin da ta ba shi izini.
Na shida. -- Tare da ko ba tare da yardarta ba, lokacin da ba ta kai shekara goma sha shida ba.
Bayani. -- Shigarwa ya isa ya zama jima'i da ake bukata don laifin fyade.
Sai dai. -- Jima'i da namiji ya yi da matarsa, matar ba ta kai shekara goma sha biyar ba, ba fyade ba ce.[lower-alpha 1]
Ma'anar da ke sama ta cire fyade na aure, laifukan jima'i iri ɗaya kuma ta ɗauki duk jima'i tare da ƙarami ƙasa da shekaru goma sha shida a matsayin fyade. Bayan 3 ga Fabrairu 2013, an sake fasalin ma'anar ta hanyar Dokar Laifuka (Gwamma) ta 2013, wanda kuma ya ɗaga shekarun shari'a na yara zuwa goma sha takwas.[6]
§375. An ce mutum yana yin "yi wa'azi" idan: - (a) ya shiga cikin azzakarsa, har zuwa kowane mataki, a cikin farji, baki, urethra ko anus na mace ko ya sa ta yi haka tare da shi ko wani mutum; ko (b) ya saka, har zuwa wani abu ko wani ɓangare na jiki, ba a cikin azzakari ba, a cikin azza, urethre ko anus ta sa ta yi hakan tare da shi, ko (c) ya sa wani ɓangare na jikinta ya fada cikin irin wannan yanayin, don haka ya sa wani abu ko kuma ya sa wani mace ya sa wani mutum ya shiga, ya sa ya sa ya shiga, don haka sa wani abu ya sa wani nau'i, ya sa shi, ya sa wani azzakari ya sa ya fada cikin wani abu ko ya sa ya zama
Da farko. -- Ba tare da son zuciyarta ba.
Na biyu. -- Ba tare da yardarta ba.
Na uku. -- Tare da yardar ta, lokacin da aka sami yardar ta ta hanyar sanya ta ko wani mutum da take sha'awarsa, cikin tsoron mutuwa ko rauni.
Na huɗu. -- Tare da yardar ta, lokacin da mutumin ya san cewa shi ba mijinta ba ne kuma an ba da yardar ita saboda ta yi imanin cewa shi wani mutum ne wanda ta kasance ko kuma ta yi imakin kanta ta yi aure bisa doka.
Na biyar. -- Tare da yardar ta lokacin da, a lokacin da ta ba da irin wannan yardar, saboda rashin hankali ko maye ko kuma gudanarwa da kansa ko ta hanyar wani abu mai banƙyama ko rashin jin daɗi, ba ta iya fahimtar yanayin da sakamakon abin da ta ba shi izini.
Na shida. -- Tare da ko ba tare da yardarta ba, lokacin da ba ta kai shekara goma sha takwas ba.
Na bakwai. -- Lokacin da ba ta iya ba da izinin ba.
Bayani 1. -- Don dalilan wannan sashe, "vagina" zai hada da labia majora.
Bayani 2. -- Yarjejeniya tana nufin yarjejeniyar son rai ba tare da wata shakka ba lokacin da mace ta hanyar kalmomi, alama ko kowane nau'i na magana ko ba tare da magana ba, ta nuna shirye-shiryen shiga cikin takamaiman aikin jima'i;
Idan mace da ba ta tsayayya da aikin shiga ba za a dauki ta hanyar wannan gaskiyar kawai ba, a dauke ta a matsayin mai yarda da aikin jima'i. Sai dai - 1. Hanyar kiwon lafiya ko shiga tsakani ba za ta zama fyade ba; 2. Jima'i ko ayyukan jima'i da namiji ya yi da matarsa, matar ba ta kai shekara goma sha biyar ba, ba fyade ba ce.[a]
Ko da bayan sake fasalin 2013, fyade a aure lokacin da matar da miji ke zaune tare sun ci gaba da zama ba laifi ba a Indiya. Mataki na 376B na dokar 2013 ya tilasta jima'i da matarsa - idan tana zaune daban - laifi, ko a karkashin dokar rabuwa ko kuma in ba haka ba, wanda za'a iya hukunta shi da akalla shekaru biyu a kurkuku. Har ila yau, jima'i da namiji ya tilasta masa tare da matarsa ana iya ɗaukarsa a matsayin tashin hankali na cikin gida a ƙarƙashin wasu sassan Dokar Shari'ar Indiya, kamar Sashe na 498 (A) da kuma Kariya ga Mata daga Dokar Cin zarafin Cikin Gida ta 2005. [7] Laifin cin zarafin jima'i a kan yaro, wato duk wanda bai kai shekara goma sha takwas ba, an kara bayyana shi da kuma azabtarwa da aka bayyana a cikin Dokar Kare Yara daga Laifukan Jima'i ta 2012.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Radha Kumar, Missing or empty
|title=(help) Preview. - ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedthe-wire-rape-ncrb-2021 - ↑ Sharma, Pramod (19 February 2021). "44% rape victims identified their culprits as relatives, family members, reveals Delhi Police data". Zee News. Retrieved 29 June 2025.
- ↑ United Nations, Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ Mehta, Siddharth (April 2013). "Rape law in India: problems in prosecution due to loopholes in the law". doi:10.2139/ssrn.2250448. ISSN 1556-5068. SSRN 2250448. Cite journal requires
|journal=(help) - ↑ Jiloha, R.C. (July–September 2013). "Rape: Legal issues in mental health perspective". Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 55 (3): 250–255. doi:10.4103/0019-5545.117141. PMC 3777346. PMID 24082245.
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