Rashin hakora
| Bayanai | |
|---|---|
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | tooth eruption (en) |
| WordLift URL (en) | http://data.medicalrecords.com/medicalrecords/healthwise/teething |
Abrasion shine lalacewar haƙori wanda ba ya ɗauke da wani abu mai kama da ciwon hakori, wanda ke faruwa sakamakon hulɗa da abubuwa daban-daban banda taɓa haƙori da haƙori. [1] Ya fi shafar premolars da karnuka, yawanci a gefen mahaifa . [2] Bisa ga binciken asibiti, bincike ya nuna cewa gogewa ita ce abin da ya fi yawa amma ba kawai abin da ke haifar da ci gaban raunukan da ba su da kama da na mahaifa (NCCL) ba kuma galibi ana haifar da shi ne ta hanyar amfani da hanyar goge baki mara kyau. [3]
Sau da yawa ɓarkewar fata tana bayyana a mahadar siminti da enamel kuma ana iya haifar da shi ta hanyar abubuwa da yawa da ke ba da gudummawa, duk da ikon shafar saman haƙori a matakai daban-daban. [4]
Bayyanar na iya bambanta dangane da dalilin gogewa, amma galibi yana bayyana a siffar V wanda ke faruwa sakamakon matsin lamba mai yawa a gefe yayin goge haƙori. Fuskar tana da sheƙi maimakon kama da mai kauri, kuma wani lokacin gefen yana da zurfi sosai don ganin ɗakin ɓawon da ke cikin haƙorin.
Asarar mahaifa wadda ba ta da hatsari saboda gogewa na iya haifar da sakamako da alamu kamar ƙaruwar jin daɗin haƙoran da ke jin zafi da sanyi, ƙaruwar tarko na plaque wanda zai haifar da caries da cututtukan periodontal, da wahalar kayan haƙori kamar su mannewa ko haƙoran haƙora da ke shiga haƙoran. Haka kuma yana iya zama abin ƙyama ga wasu mutane. [3]
Domin samun nasarar maganin gogewa, da farko sai a gano musabbabin kuma a daina (misali gogewa mai yawa). Da zarar wannan ya faru, magani na gaba zai iya haɗawa da canje-canje a cikin tsaftace baki, shafa fluoride don rage jin zafi, ko sanya wurin gyara don taimakawa hana ƙarin asarar tsarin haƙori da kuma taimakawa wajen sarrafa plaque. [4]
Dalili
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Dalilin gogewa na iya tasowa ne sakamakon hulɗar haƙora da wasu abubuwa kamar buroshin hakori, fikafikan hakori, filo, da kayan haƙoran da ba su dace ba kamar manne da haƙoran haƙora. Baya ga haka, mutanen da ke da halaye kamar cizon farce, tauna taba, huda lebe ko harshe, [5] da kuma waɗanda ke da sana'a kamar joiner, suna fuskantar haɗarin gogewa.
Alamomin goge hakori na iya kasancewa saboda motsawa ɗaya tilo ko kuma, kamar yadda yake a mafi yawan lokuta, abubuwa da yawa. [6] Babban abin da ke haifar da gogewar hakori shine haɗuwar lalacewar injiniya da sinadarai.
Gishiri na hakora shine mafi yawan dalilin lalacewar hakora, wanda aka samo yana tasowa tare da gefen gingival, saboda gishiri mai ƙarfi a wannan yanki.[7][8] Irin goge hakora, dabarar da aka yi amfani da ita da ƙarfin da aka yi a lokacin gogewa na iya rinjayar abin da ya faru da tsananin abin da ya haifar.[9] Bugu da ƙari, gogewa na dogon lokaci (ya wuce minti 2-3) a wasu lokuta, lokacin da aka haɗa shi da matsakaici / gogewa mai ƙarfi na iya haifar da rauni.[10] Abrasion kuma na iya kara tsanantawa ta hanyar amfani da wasu nau'ikan dentifrice; wasu suna da halaye masu yawa don cire tabo kamar fararen hakora.
Hakoran da aka haɗa tare da dabarun gogewa mai ƙarfi da aka yi amfani da su na iya yin ƙaiƙayi a saman haƙori kuma yana haifar da gogewa da kuma ƙara ta'azzara dattin haƙori. [11] Ciwon kai mai yawan faruwa a gefen gingival na iya haifar da koma bayan haƙori. Idan dashen ya ja baya, sai tushen ya bayyana wanda hakan ya fi saurin gogewa. [12] A kwatanta, buroshin haƙoran lantarki ba su da saurin gogewa. [13]
Idan aka haɗa shi da dabarar gogewa mara kyau, man goge baki na iya lalata enamel da dentine saboda halayen gogewa. [14] Ana amfani da takamaiman sinadarai a cikin man goge baki don kawar da fim ɗin bio-film da tabon waje, amma a wasu lokuta na iya taimakawa wajen sa manna ya zama mai gogewa. [15] [11] An tabbatar da cewa yin farin ciki a cikin gida da kuma a asibiti yana ƙara yiwuwar mutum ya fuskanci gogewar hakori. Ana kyautata zaton cewa gogewar hakori sakamakon tsarin farar hakori yana faruwa ne sakamakon haɗakar abubuwan da ke haifar da haushi na injiniya da na sinadarai, misali, amfani da man goge baki mai farin gashi da kuma kayan aikin fesawa a gida tare. [16] Duk da haka, idan mutum ya yi amfani da maganin da aka ba shi bayan ya fara fari, to zai iya guje wa asarar tsarin haƙori, kuma hakan zai iya hana shi gogewa. [17]
Wani abu kuma da zai iya taimakawa wajen rage lalacewar tsarin haƙori shine canjin matakan pH a saman haƙori. Wannan na iya dangantawa da cin abinci mai tsami da ruwa ko kuma sake haifar da sinadarin acid a cikin ciki, wani tsari da aka sani da zaizayar hakori . Ƙara yawan sinadarin acid a saman haƙori na iya haifar da raguwar sinadarin mineral da laushi, don haka yana barin tsarin haƙorin ya zama mai sauƙin kamuwa da abubuwan da ke lalata haƙori kamar goge haƙori. [18] Idan saman haƙorin ya yi laushi da sinadarin acid, ƙarfin injina kamar gogewa na iya haifar da lalacewa mara misaltuwa a saman haƙorin. [16] [19] [20] Sake sarrafa saman da aka tausasa zai iya taimakawa wajen hana wannan lalacewar.
Ƙarfin dentin mai alaƙa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Abrasivity na dentin ( RDA ) wani ma'auni ne da aka daidaita na tasirin gogewa da abubuwan da ke cikin man goge baki ke da shi. [10]
Ƙungiyar Hakoran Amurka (ADA), hukumomin gwamnati da sauran masu ruwa da tsaki ne suka ƙirƙiro ma'aunin RDA don auna yadda man goge baki ke yin illa. [21] Ba a tsara shi don daidaita amincin man goge baki ba, [21] kuma duk man goge baki masu ƙarfin RDA na 250 ko ƙasa da haka ana ɗaukar su a matsayin lafiyayyun don amfani akai-akai dangane da abrasivity. [22] Ma'aunin RDA yana kwatanta rashin gogewar man goge baki da kayan gogewa na yau da kullun kuma yana auna zurfin yankewa a matsakaicin milimita 1 a kowace goge 100,000 akan dentine. [23] Wannan kwatancen yana haifar da ƙimar gogewa ga haƙoran da za su kasance lafiya don amfani da su a kullum. [12]
Tun daga shekarar 1998, ƙimar RDA an saita ta ne bisa ga ƙa'idodin DIN EN ISO 11609. A halin yanzu, da'awar kan kayayyaki kamar man goge baki ba ta bisa doka ba, duk da haka, ana buƙatar likitan hakori ya sami matakin ƙasa da 250 don a yi la'akari da shi lafiya kuma kafin a ba shi hatimin amincewa da ADA. [24] Yawancin man goge baki da ake sayarwa a kasuwa suna da ƙimar RDA na 250 ko ƙasa da haka kuma da wuya su yi tasiri mai yawa ga lalata tsarin haƙori a tsawon rayuwar amfani. A matsakaici, bayanai sun nuna cewa kasa da 400 μm na lalacewar haƙori yana faruwa a tsawon rayuwa ta amfani da man goge baki na RDA 250 ko ƙasa da haka.
Maki na RDA na man goge baki ba shine babban abin da za a yi la'akari da shi ba yayin sarrafa da kuma hana gogewar haƙori. [23] [12] Wasu abubuwa kamar yawan matsin lamba da ake amfani da shi yayin gogewa, nau'in, kauri da yaɗuwar gashin hakori a cikin buroshin hakori da kuma lokacin da aka ɓata wajen gogewa su ne manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da haɗarin gogewar hakori. [25] [26]
Magani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Akwai dalilai da dama da ake amfani da su wajen magance raunin da ya faru (wanda kuma aka sani da 'Class V cave') kamar:
- Jin hankali.
- Kasancewar rauni mai kama da kaji.
- Ba shi da daɗi a fannin kwalliya.
- Dakatar da ci gaban raunin.
- Rage yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar caries ko periodontal domin waɗannan raunuka na iya zama abin da ke hana riƙe plaque.
- Inda akwai haɗarin fallasa gaɓar jijiyar idan zurfin raunuka ya yi tsanani.
- Idan aka samu matsala wajen riƙe kayan da za a iya cirewa, misali haƙoran haƙora
- Don inganta riƙe haƙoran haƙora.
- Cikakken tsarin haƙori yana da matsala.
Domin samun nasarar maganin abrasion, dole ne a fara gano aetiology ɗin. Hanya mafi daidaito ta yin hakan ita ce kammala cikakken tarihin likita, haƙori, zamantakewa da kuma abincin da aka ci. Dole ne a binciki dukkan fannoni domin a lokuta da yawa dalilin gogewa na iya zama da yawa. Da zarar an kammala cikakken ganewar asali, za a iya fara maganin da ya dace. Maganin gogewa na iya kasancewa cikin matsaloli daban-daban dangane da matakin da ake da shi a yanzu ko ci gaban da gogewar ta haifar. Sau da yawa ɓarkewar hakori yana faruwa tare da wasu cututtukan hakori kamar su bushewa, ruɓewa da zaizayar ƙasa. Shaidu sun nuna cewa akwai raguwar tasirin gogewar hakori tare da zaizayar hakori lokacin da aka shafa fenti mai fluoride a kan hakora. Maganin da ya yi nasara yana mai da hankali kan rigakafi da ci gaba a kan yanayin kuma yana gyara halin da ake ciki/wanda ke haifar da yanayin.
Cire abubuwan da ke haddasawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Idan dalilin gogewar ya faru ne saboda halaye na yau da kullun, dainawa da canza dabi'a yana da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen hana ƙarin asarar haƙori. [27] Tsarin gogewa mai kyau yana da matuƙar muhimmanci kuma ya ƙunshi dabarar gogewa mai laushi tare da ƙananan motsi a kwance tare da goga mai laushi/mai laushi. Ana iya gyara ƙarfin gefe mai yawa ta hanyar riƙe buroshin hakori a cikin riƙon alkalami ko ta amfani da hannun da ba shi da iko don gogewa. [25] Idan gogewar ta faru ne sakamakon na'urar haƙori mara kyau, ya kamata a gyara ko a maye gurbinta da likitan haƙori kuma bai kamata a yi ƙoƙarin yin hakan a gida ba.
Sinadaran sinadarai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ya kamata a kuma yi nazari sosai kan zaɓin haƙoran hakori na yanzu sannan a canza su zuwa ga manna mai laushi da ƙarancin gogewa kamar man goge baki mai laushi kamar yadda shaida ta nuna cewa man goge baki mai gogewa sosai zai haifar da asarar tsarin haƙori. Man goge baki mai ɗauke da sinadarin fluoride zai taimaka wajen yaƙi da ƙaruwar saurin kamuwa da cutar da kuma haɗarin ruɓewar haƙori. An nuna cewa man goge haƙori mai ɗauke da sinadarin fluoride yana hana lalacewar tsarin haƙori mai guba, wanda hakan ke rage saurin lalacewa. Ana iya amfani da fenti mai ɗauke da fluoride a matsayin hanyar kariya ga marasa lafiya da ke cikin haɗarin zaizayar haƙori, domin fenti mai ɗauke da fluoride yana ƙara juriya ga zaizayar haƙori da kuma lalacewar haƙori daga baya.
Maganin da ke cikin kujera ta hakori na iya haɗawa da shafa sinadarin fluoride ko sanya maganin gyara a cikin mawuyacin hali. Idan raunin ya ƙanƙanta kuma an takaita shi ga enamel ko siminti, ba a buƙatar gyara shi ba, maimakon haka ya kamata a kawar da gefuna masu kauri don rage halayen riƙewar plaque. Duk da haka, idan akwai lalacewar hakori, matsalolin kyau ko lahani kusa da ɓangaren hakori, ana iya kammala gyara shi. Ana iya buƙatar ƙarin aikin gyarawa idan raunin ya lalata ƙarfin haƙorin gaba ɗaya ko kuma lokacin da lahani ya haifar da matsalar periodontal za a iya dawo da raunin.
Da zarar an gano raunukan da suka yi rauni kuma aka yi musu magani, ya kamata a sa ido sosai don gano ci gaba ko yuwuwar rage alamun.
Maidowa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa na kayan gyarawa musamman ga waɗannan raunuka sun haɗa da:
- Gamsar da juriya ga lalacewa wadda galibi ake samu ta hanyar kishi/ƙarfin da ake amfani da shi wajen goge baki.
- Ƙananan yanayin sassauci, ganin cewa an yi la'akari da haƙoran da ke gaban hakora (haƙoran da ke gaban hakora) suna lanƙwasa a kusa da yankin mahaifa (yankin da ya fi kusa da matakin dashen hakori).
- Kyakkyawan kyawun gani.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ López-Frías FJ, Castellanos-Cosano L, Martín-González J, Llamas-Carreras JM, Segura-Egea JJ (February 2012). "Clinical measurement of tooth wear: Tooth wear indices". Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry. 4 (1): e48-53. doi:10.4317/jced.50592. PMC 3908810. PMID 24558525.
- ↑ Forbes-Haley C, Jones SB, Davies M, West NX (August 2016). "Establishing the Effect of Brushing and a Day's Diet on Tooth Tissue Loss in Vitro". Dentistry Journal. 4 (3): 25. doi:10.3390/dj4030025. PMC 5806935. PMID 29563467.
- 1 2 Perez C, Gonzalez MR, Prado NA, de Miranda MS, Macêdo M, Fernandes BM (2012). "Restoration of noncarious cervical lesions: when, why, and how". International Journal of Dentistry. 2012. doi:10.1155/2012/687058. PMC 3246729. PMID 22216032.
- 1 2 Sugita I, Nakashima S, Ikeda A, Burrow MF, Nikaido T, Kubo S, Tagami J, Sumi Y (February 2017). "A pilot study to assess the morphology and progression of non-carious cervical lesions". Journal of Dentistry. 57: 51–56. doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2016.12.004. PMID 27956017.
|hdl-access=requires|hdl=(help) - ↑ De Moor RJ, De Witte AM, Delmé KI, De Bruyne MA, Hommez GM, Goyvaerts D (October 2005). "Dental and oral complications of lip and tongue piercings". British Dental Journal (in Turanci). 199 (8): 506–9. doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.4812852. PMID 16244618.
- ↑ Lee A, He LH, Lyons K, Swain MV (March 2012). "Tooth wear and wear investigations in dentistry". Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. 39 (3): 217–25. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2842.2011.02257.x. PMID 21923888.
- ↑ Sadaf D, Ahmad Z (December 2014). "Role of Brushing and Occlusal Forces in Non-Carious Cervical Lesions (NCCL)". International Journal of Biomedical Science. 10 (4): 265–8. PMC 4289701. PMID 25598758.
- ↑ Salas MM, Nascimento GG, Vargas-Ferreira F, Tarquinio SB, Huysmans MC, Demarco FF (August 2015). "Diet influenced tooth erosion prevalence in children and adolescents: Results of a meta-analysis and meta-regression". Journal of Dentistry. 43 (8): 865–75. doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2015.05.012. PMID 26057086.
- ↑ Zanatta FB, Bergoli AD, Werle SB, Antoniazzi RP (2011). "Biofilm removal and gingival abrasion with medium and soft toothbrushes". Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry. 9 (2): 177–83. PMID 21842020.
- 1 2 Vieira GH, Nogueira MB, Gaio EJ, Rosing CK, Santiago SL, Rego RO (2016). "Effect of Whitening Toothpastes on Dentin Abrasion: An In Vitro Study". Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry. 14 (6): 547–553. doi:10.3290/j.ohpd.a36465. PMID 27351730.
- 1 2 Wiegand A, Kuhn M, Sener B, Roos M, Attin T (June 2009). "Abrasion of eroded dentin caused by toothpaste slurries of different abrasivity and toothbrushes of different filament diameter" (PDF). Journal of Dentistry. 37 (6): 480–4. doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2009.03.005. PMID 19346053.
- 1 2 3 Addy M, Hunter ML (2003). "Can tooth brushing damage your health? Effects on oral and dental tissues". International Dental Journal. 53 (Suppl 3): 177–86. doi:10.1111/j.1875-595x.2003.tb00768.x. PMID 12875306.
- ↑ Wiegand A, Lemmrich F, Attin T (June 2006). "Influence of rotating-oscillating, sonic and ultrasonic action of power toothbrushes on abrasion of sound and eroded dentine". Journal of Periodontal Research. 41 (3): 221–7. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0765.2005.00850.x. PMID 16677292.
- ↑ Tellefsen G, Liljeborg A, Johannsen A, Johannsen G (November 2011). "The role of the toothbrush in the abrasion process". International Journal of Dental Hygiene. 9 (4): 284–90. doi:10.1111/j.1601-5037.2011.00505.x. PMID 21545405.
- ↑ Bizhang M, Riemer K, Arnold WH, Domin J, Zimmer S (2016). "Influence of Bristle Stiffness of Manual Toothbrushes on Eroded and Sound Human Dentin--An In Vitro Study". PLOS ONE. 11 (4). Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1153250B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0153250. PMC 4829200. PMID 27070901.
- 1 2 Demarco FF, Meireles SS, Sarmento HR, Dantas RV, Botero T, Tarquinio SB (2011). "Erosion and abrasion on dental structures undergoing at-home bleaching". Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry. 3: 45–52. doi:10.2147/CCIDEN.S15943. PMC 3652357. PMID 23674914.
- ↑ St John S, White DJ (2015). "History of the Development of Abrasivity Limits for Dentifrices". The Journal of Clinical Dentistry. 26 (2): 50–4. PMID 26349126.
- ↑ Abou Neel EA, Aljabo A, Strange A, Ibrahim S, Coathup M, Young AM, Bozec L, Mudera V (2016). "Demineralization-remineralization dynamics in teeth and bone". International Journal of Nanomedicine. 11: 4743–4763. doi:10.2147/IJN.S107624. PMC 5034904. PMID 27695330.
- ↑ Lussi A, Schlueter N, Rakhmatullina E, Ganss C (2011). "Dental erosion--an overview with emphasis on chemical and histopathological aspects". Caries Research. 45 (Suppl 1): 2–12. doi:10.1159/000325915. PMID 21625128. S2CID 13194200.
- ↑ Jaeggi T, Lussi A (1999). "Toothbrush abrasion of erosively altered enamel after intraoral exposure to saliva: an in situ study". Caries Research. 33 (6): 455–61. doi:10.1159/000016551. PMID 10529531. S2CID 28413269.
- 1 2 "Toothpastes". www.ada.org. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2021-09-09.
- ↑ Hunter, M.L.; Addy, M.; Pickles, M.J.; Joiner, A. (October 2002). "The role of toothpastes and toothbrushes in the aetiology of tooth wear". International Dental Journal. 52: 399–405. doi:10.1111/j.1875-595x.2002.tb00729.x. ISSN 0020-6539.
- 1 2 St John S, White DJ (2015). "History of the Development of Abrasivity Limits for Dentifrices". The Journal of Clinical Dentistry. 26 (2): 50–4. PMID 26349126.
- ↑ "Toothpastes". American Dental Association. 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
- 1 2 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named "Walsh_2019". - ↑ C. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Bergström J, Lavstedt S (February 1979). "An epidemiologic approach to toothbrushing and dental abrasion". Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 7 (1): 57–64. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1979.tb01186.x. PMID 282958.