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Rashin mutuwar tsuntsaye masu tashi na Australiya

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Rashin mutuwar tsuntsaye masu tashi na Australiya
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ƘasaAsturaliya
Hoton zafi na jariri mai launin toka mai tashi a lokacin matsanancin zafin jiki

A cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata dubban tsuntsayen Australiya sun mutu a lokacin matsanancin zafi.[1] Farin tsuntsaye masu tashi suna nunawa a cikin Abubuwan da suka faru na mutuwa mutane da yawa da aka gani a cikin yanayi, amma suna iya zama alamun damuwa ta zafi a cikin mafi yawan dabbobi masu rikitarwa inda tasirin ya fi wuya a tantance. Mutuwar tana da mahimman ƙarin barazanar ga tsuntsayen jirgin sama na Australiya da sabis na yanayin halittu da suke bayarwa, kuma suna nuna tasirin sauyin yanayi don halayyar, yawan jama'a, da rayuwar jinsuna.

Tasirin da ke tattare da jinsuna

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An bayar da rahoton cewa nau'ikan fox masu tashi na Australiya guda biyu sun shafar abubuwan da suka faru na zafi: fox mai launin toka (Pteropus poliocephalus) da kuma baƙar fata mai tashi (P. alecto ). Inda yankunan da aka haɗu da nau'o'in suka shafi baƙar fata mai tashi yana fama da mutuwa mafi girma fiye da mai launin toka mai tashi.[2] Koyaya, yanayin zafi na lokacin rani ya fi tsananin kewayon tsuntsayen da ke tashi da launin toka fiye da kewayon baƙar fata mai tashi, sabili da haka ainihin adadin wadanda suka mutu ya fi girma a tsakanin tsuntsayen masu tashi da launin fata fiye da tsuntsayen baƙar fata. A wani lokaci, ana iya shafar fox mai tashi mai tsinkaye (Pteropus conspicillatus) wanda ke cikin haɗari na tarayya, yana ƙara barazana ga nau'in a Ostiraliya.

Tasirin da ke tattare da yawan jama'a

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Mutuwa tana da yawa musamman tsakanin matasa masu dogaro da mata masu shayarwa, amma kowane rukuni na yawan jama'a na iya shafarwa.[1]

Tasirin halayyar

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Bincike a cikin yankunan kyarketai masu tashi a lokacin abubuwan da suka faru na matsanancin zafi sun nuna cewa kyarkoki masu tashi suna wucewa ta hanyar jerin abubuwan da za a iya hangowa na halayen sarrafa yanayin zafi tare da hauhawar yanayin zafi: [1]

  • fuka-fuki
  • neman inuwa da tarawa
  • zubar da ciki
  • zubar da ruwa

Bayan wannan, ana samun mutane a kusa da tushe na bishiyoyi inda suke samar da tarin jemagu masu lalacewa da matattu.

Jerin rikodin tsuntsayen da suka mutu a Australia

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Abin da ya faru Ranar Jiha Yankin Yawan sansanonin da abin ya shafa Ƙididdigar ƙarancin mace-mace Matsakaicin ƙididdigar mace-mace Nau'in da abin ya shafa Tushen
1 Fabrairu 1791 NSW Sydney gashin tsuntsaye mai launin toka Tench 1793 [1]
2 Disamba 1905 NSW Helidon gashin tsuntsaye mai launin toka Ratcliffe, 1932 [1] [3]
3 Janairu 1913 NSW Mallanganee gashin tsuntsaye mai launin toka Ratcliffe, 1932 [1] [3]
4 Janairu 1994 Qld Townsville da Ipswich 2 1000 gashin gashi mai launin toka, gashin gashin gami mai baƙar fata Welbergen da sauransu, 2008 [4]
5 Disamba 1994 NSW Cabramatta da Gordon 2 6000 6000 gashin tsuntsaye mai launin toka Welbergen da sauransu, 2008 [4]
6 ƙarshen 1900s NT 1 29 29 gashin tsuntsaye mai launin toka Tidemann & Nelson 2011 [4]
7 Janairu 2000 Qld Ipswich 500 500 gashin gashi mai launin toka, gashin gashin gami mai baƙar fata Welbergen da sauransu, 2008 [4]
8 12 Janairu 2002 NSW Murwillumbah 9 3679 gashin gashi mai launin toka, gashin gashin gami mai baƙar fata Welbergen, Klose da sauransu, 2008 [4]
9 Janairu 2003 NSW Cabramatta da Gordon 2 5000 5000 gashin tsuntsaye mai launin toka Welbergen da sauransu, 2008 [4]
10 Janairu 2004 NSW Bellingen 1 3000 8000 gashin tsuntsaye mai launin toka Welbergen da sauransu, 2008 [4]
11 Disamba 2004 NSW Tashar jiragen ruwa 2 1000 5000 gashin tsuntsaye mai launin toka Welbergen da sauransu, 2008 [4]
12 Disamba 2005 Qld, NSW, Vic 3 5613 8900 gashin gashi mai launin toka, gashin gashin gami mai baƙar fata Welbergen da sauransu, 2008 [4]
13 Janairu 2006 NSW, Vic 6 4273 4843 gashin tsuntsaye mai launin toka Welbergen da sauransu, 2008 [4]
14 Disamba 2006 zuwa Janairu 2007 Vic Melbourne 2 207 207 gashin tsuntsaye mai launin toka Welbergen da sauransu, 2008 [4]
15 Janairu 2014 Qld >25 100000 gashin gashi mai launin toka, gashin gashin gami mai baƙar fata Murphy 2014, Saunders 2014 [4]
16 Nuwamba 2014 NSW Casino da kwarin Richmond 2 7000 7000 gashin gashi mai launin toka, gashin gashin gami mai baƙar fata Godfrey 2014 [4]
17 Nuwamba 2018 Qld 33000 40000 gashin gashin gashi mai tashi, gashin gami mai tashi
18 Disamba 2019 Vic Melbourne 4500 gashin tsuntsaye mai launin toka [5][6]

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Justin A. Welbergen; Stefan M. Klose; Nicola Markus; Peggy Eby (2008). "Climate change and the effects of temperature extremes on Australian flying-foxes". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 275 (1633): 419–425. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1385. PMC 2596826. PMID 18048286. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Welbergen" defined multiple times with different content.
  2. ↑ Justin A. Welbergen; Stefan M. Klose; Nicola Markus; Peggy Eby (2008). "Climate change and the effects of temperature extremes on Australian flying-foxes". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 275 (1633): 419–425. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1385. PMC 2596826. PMID 18048286.
  3. 1 2 Francis Ratcliffe (1932). "Notes on the fruit bats (Pteropus spp.) of Australia". Journal of Animal Ecology. 1 (1): 32–57. doi:10.2307/993. JSTOR 993.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Thomas J. O'Shea; Paul M. Cryan; David T.S. Hayman; Raina K. Plowright; Daniel G. Streicker (2016). "Multiple mortality events in bats: a global review". Mammal Review. 46 (3): 175–190. doi:10.1111/mam.12064. PMC 5942905. PMID 29755179.
  5. ↑ "Flying foxes are dying en masse in Australia's extreme heat". Animals (in Turanci). 7 January 2020. Archived from the original on 8 January 2020.
  6. ↑ "Heat stress and the Australian flying fox". BBC News. 24 January 2020.
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