Rashin nasara a New Zealand
An gudanar da Fracking a New Zealand tun 1989, galibi a Taranaki da kuma a cikin kwal a Waikato da Southland . [1] An nuna damuwa game da mummunan tasirinsa kuma wasu yankunan karamar hukuma sun yi kira ga dakatar da fashewa amma gwamnati ta ki amincewa da wannan. Sakamakon muhalli na fracking ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar Dokar Gudanar da albarkatu (RMA) ta hanyar buƙata don izinin albarkatu.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An gudanar da aikin lalata a yankin Taranaki tun daga 1989 kuma an yi amfani da wannan dabarar akan rijiyoyi sama da 50 a Lardunan Taranaki da Waikato.[1] L&M Minerals sun nemi izinin bincike don hakar iskar gas ɗin kwal a bakin tekun Kudancin Canterbury da Canterbury Plains.
A cikin 2012, Majalisar Yanki ta Taranaki ta buga wani rahoto wanda ya gano cewa an gudanar da ayyukan karyewar ruwa guda 65 a cikin rijiyoyi 39 ba tare da wata shaida ta wata matsala mai nasaba da muhalli ba. Rahoton ya kuma nuna cewa, hadarin gurbacewar ruwa a cikin ruwa ya yi kadan. Tun daga watan Agustan 2011, Majalisar Yanki ta Taranaki ta buƙaci izinin albarkatu don duk ɓarnar da ke cikin ƙasa.[2]
A cikin 2012, Kwamishinan Majalisar Dokoki na Muhalli (PCE) ya gudanar da bincike game da tasirin muhalli na fracking a New Zealand.[1] Wannan rahoto na wucin gadi ya bayyana cewa ana iya sarrafa haɗarin muhalli yadda ya kamata.
Har ila yau, a cikin 2012, Christchurch ya zama birni na farko a New Zealand don bayyana kansa a matsayin "yanki mara kyau" [3] bayan an nuna wata alaƙa tsakanin girgizar ƙasa da fashewar ruwa a Ingila. [4]
A cikin 2013, Firayim Minista John Key ya bayyana cewa fashewar ruwa tana ci gaba da aminci a Taranaki a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata ba tare da wata matsala ba.
A cikin shekara ta 2014, PCE ta buga wani rahoto game da hako mai da iskar gas da fracking. An faɗaɗa iyakar wannan rahoton bayan amsawa kan rahoton wucin gadi, wanda PCE ta yanke shawarar cewa damuwa ba game da ɓarna ba ne, amma game da yaduwar masana'antar da ke yin ɓarna. PCE ba ta sami shaidar manyan matsalolin muhalli ba kuma haɗarin babbar matsala ba ta da yawa, idan an bi mafi kyawun ayyuka. Koyaya, PCE kuma ta gano cewa kulawa da ƙa'idodin New Zealand ba su isa ba don sarrafa haɗarin muhalli. Rahoton na 2014 ya gabatar da shawarwari don magance gazawar tsari kuma ya kammala cewa babbar barazana ita ce sauyin yanayi.[5] Gwamnati tana la'akari da shawarwarin PCE don inganta kulawar tsari.[6]
Hamayya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Masu kula da muhalli sun nuna damuwa game da fracking suna nuna damuwa game le gurɓataccen ruwa da kuma haifar da girgizar ƙasa. Hukumomi huɗu na gida sun yi kira ga dakatar da fashewa; Majalisar Birnin Christchurch, Majalisar Gundumar Selwyn, Majalisar Gundumomin Kaikōura da Majalisar Gundar Waimakariri . A cikin shekara ta 2012, allon al'umma a Christchurch da kuma gundumar Kudancin Taranaki, inda ake yin fashewa, sun yi kira ga haramtacciyar doka.[7] Ministan Makamashi da albarkatu Phil Heatley ya bayyana cewa RMA tana ba da isasshen kariya.[8]
Straterra, ƙungiyar masana'antu don bangarorin albarkatun New Zealand da hakar ma'adinai, sun yi imanin cewa fashewar da aka yi a New Zealand tana da aminci.[9]
A watan Afrilun 2012, Majalisar Birnin Christchurch ta kada kuri'a gaba daya don ayyana birnin a matsayin yankin da ba shi da 'yanci. Duk wani izini na albarkatu da ake buƙata don yin ɓarna za a shigar da shi ne a Canterbury, majalisar yanki mai hurumi game da fitar da ƙasa daga ƙasa, don haka yankin da ba shi da fa'ida yana da alama. Wani mai magana da yawun Muhalli Canterbury ya ce majalisar yankin ba ta da takamaiman ka'idoji da suka shafi fasadi amma akwai wasu tsare-tsare da za su shafi aikace-aikacen fracking.
A New Zealand, Kwamishinan Majalisar Dokoki na Muhalli, Dokta Jan Wright ya gudanar da bincike game da fracking. Wani rahoto na farko ya ba da shawarar yin amfani da tsari mai tsauri game da aikin, amma ya dakatar da turawa don dakatar da aiki. Gwamnatin New Zealand ta yi maraba da rahoton, amma 'yan adawa sun yi shakkar jajircewar gwamnati kan gabatar da dokoki masu tsauri. Dokta Wright ta ce ba za ta iya kawar da yiwuwar fashewa na iya haifar da manyan girgizar ƙasa ba, kamar jerin girgizar kasa da ta lalata yawancin Christchurch a cikin 2010 da 2011 Shugaban kungiyar kare muhalli Gary Taylor ya ce ya yi farin ciki da Dokta Wright ya bincika babban batun canjin yanayi saboda lalacewar Gwamnati game da manufofin canjin yanayi da son kai ga man fetur. Taylor ya yi kira ga ingantaccen manufofi inda aka ba da fifiko ga sabuntawa kuma ana sanya carbon a farashi yadda ya kamata.
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Makamashi a New Zealand
- Muhalli na New Zealand
Bayanan da aka ambata
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Haɗin waje
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- "Hydraulic fracturing information sheet" (PDF). NZ Petroleum and Minerals (New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment). 2016.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Evaluating the environmental impacts of fracking in New Zealand" (PDF). Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment. November 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 January 2016. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
- ↑ "Hydrogeologic Risk Assessment of Hydraulic Fracturing for Gas Recovery in the Taranaki Region" (PDF). Taranaki Regional Council. 28 May 2012.
- ↑ "Fracking found to cause quakes | Otago Daily Times Online News : Otago, South Island, New Zealand & International News". www.odt.co.nz. Retrieved 2016-06-07.
- ↑ "Fracking tests near Blackpool 'likely cause' of tremors - BBC News". BBC News (in Turanci). Retrieved 2016-06-07.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedPCE2014 - ↑ Bridges, Simon (21 March 2016). "Launch of Block Offer 2016". New Zealand Government.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedande2012 - ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedreid2012 - ↑ Napp, Bernie (8 August 2011). "Don't believe fracking scare stories". The Press. Retrieved 2011-08-15.