Rashin shari'a

Wannan jerin sunayen shari'o'in shari'a ne. Wannan jerin sun hada da shari'o'in da aka yanke wa mutum hukunci daga baya aka wanke shi daga laifin kuma ko dai ya sami izinin hukuma, ko kuma an sami yarjejeniya cewa an hukunta mutumin ba bisa ka'ida ba ko kuma inda aka soke hukunci kuma ba a sake yin shari'a ba, don haka wanda ake tuhuma an ɗauke shi ba shi da laifi. Wannan jerin ba cikakke ba ne. Bayanan aikata laifuka tare da tauraron ya nuna cewa daga baya an tabbatar da abubuwan da suka faru ba su zama aikata laifukan ba.

Jerin shari'o'i

Argentina

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
Janairu 25, 2005	Fernando Ariel Carrera	Kisan kai da fashi	Buenos Aires	Shekaru 30	Shekaru 6	Haka ne,
		Fernando Ariel Carrera 'yan sanda sun zarge shi ne aikata fashi a watan Janairun 2005 (Masacre de Pompeya). 'Yan sanda sun dakatar da shi yayin tuki, kuma yayin da jami'an suka kasa bayyana kansu a matsayin' yan sanda, sai ya firgita kuma ya yi kokarin tserewa. Sai 'yan sanda suka harbe motarsa yayin da ya tsere, kuma an buge shi sau takwas. Yayinda yake ba tare da sanin komai ba, motarsa ta ci gaba da tuki har tsawon mita 200 kuma ta kashe mata biyu da yaro. An kai Carrera asibiti cikin mummunan yanayi kuma ya tsira. Daga baya aka gurfanar da shi a gaban shari'a, kuma a watan Yunin 2007 an same shi da laifin fashi da kisan kai. An yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 30 a kurkuku, wanda daga baya aka rage zuwa shekaru 15. An sami rashin daidaito a cikin shari'arsa. An sake shi a kan umarnin kotu a shekarar 2013, kodayake ba tare da an bayyana shi marar laifi ba. Kotun Koli ta Argentina ta wanke shi a hukumance a watan Oktoba 2016.

Armenia

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
8 ga Oktoba, 1998	Poghosyan	Rashin fyade da kisan kai	Saratovka, Armenia	Shekaru 15 a kurkuku	Shekaru 5, watanni 6	Haka ne,
		An kama Poghosyan a shekarar 1998 bisa zargin fyade da kisan kai. Shi da ɗan'uwansa sun fuskanci tashin hankali na zahiri daga 'yan sanda (bugawa, bugawa, kiɗa, bugawa kunnuwa wanda ya haifar da karyewar kunne, ya tilasta zama a kan kwalba) don tilasta ikirari daga Poghosyan. Kotun Yankin Lori ta yanke Poghosyan hukuncin fyade da kisan kai a shekarar 1999. A shekara ta 2003 bayan wani laifi, an gano ainihin mai laifin; ya bayyana a fili cewa 'yan sanda ne suka ƙirƙira shaidar da ke kan Poghosyan kuma an sake shi. An yanke wa jami'an 'yan sanda biyu hukunci kan rashin kula da fursunoni da kuma ƙirƙira shaidu.

Ostiraliya

Date of crime	Defendant(s)	Crime	Location	Sentence	Time served	Legally exonerated
December 30, 1921	Colin Campbell Ross	Rape and murder by strangulation of Alma Tirtschke	Little Collins Street, Melbourne, Australia	Death	Executed	Yes, posthumously exonerated
		Twelve-year-old Nell Alma Tirtschke left home on an errand for her grandmother. Early the next morning, her body was found in Gun Alley. She had been raped and strangled. Colin Campbell Ross was convicted on the basis of several witnesses who testified that Ross confessed to them as well several strands of blonde hair on a blanket at Ross's house. In 1993, a former school teacher named Kevin Morgan began researching Ross's case. Morgan found a file in the Office of Public Prosecutions containing the original hair samples, which had been thought lost. In 1998, two independent scientific authorities—the Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine and the forensics division of the Australian Federal Police—found that the two lots of hair did not come from the same person, thereby disproving with certainty the most damning piece of evidence presented at Ross's trial. Ross was pardoned on May 27, 2008, 86 years after his execution.
December 20, 1959	Darryl Beamish	Murder of 22-year-old socialite Jillian MacPherson Brewer	Perth, Australia	Death	15 years (including five years served after assaulting a young girl while on parole)	Yes
		Brewer was the great-granddaughter of industrialist and philanthropist Sir Macpherson Robertson and was heir to MacRobertson's chocolates. Brewer was killed by an intruder with a tomahawk and scissors in her beachside apartment. Beamish, a deaf and mute who had recently pleaded guilty to molesting four young girls and had a history of breaking and entering, lived near Brewer. He signed a confession, which he claimed he signed under duress. It was later determined that Brewer's murder was committed by Perth serial killer Eric Edgar Cooke, who confessed to the murder prior to his execution. Another man, John Button, was also convicted of a murders assumed to have been committed by Cooke.
February 9, 1963	John Button	Murder of his 17-year-old girlfriend Rosemary Anderson	Fremantle, Western Australia	10 years	4 years, 9 months	Yes
		Nineteen-year-old Button and his girlfriend Rosemary Anderson were celebrating his birthday at his parents' house. After an argument, Anderson decided to walk home. Button followed her in his car but she refused to get in and continued walking. Button stopped to smoke a cigarette before driving on. He found her lying injured and unconscious on the side of the road. She died later at the hospital. Button had a bad stutter and police interpreted this as being nervous due to the questions he was being asked. Button was refused access to his parents or a lawyer and was hit once by an interviewing police officer, before finally confessing to killing Anderson after 22 hours of interrogation. Damage to Button's car was also introduced at trial. He was charged with wilful murder, but served five years of a 10-year sentence after being convicted of a lesser charge of manslaughter. In 1963, Perth serial killer, Eric Edgar Cooke, confessed to the murder of Anderson when arrested in 1963 and again before he was executed. At his appeal, Trevor Condron, the police officer who had examined John Button's car in 1963 told the appeals court that while the car was damaged, the damage was not consistent with hitting a person and that three weeks before Anderson's death, Button had reported to police another accident. This accident report had been known to police at the original trial but been discounted as irrelevant. The court also heard from Dr Neil Turner, who had treated Anderson. He claimed that her injuries were not consistent with Button's vehicle. The world's leading pedestrian accident expert, American William "Rusty" Haight, was flown to Australia and testified that experiments with a biomedical human-form dummy, a similar Simca to Button's and an EJ Holden similar to the one Cooke claimed he was driving when he hit Anderson, matched exactly Cooke's account and excluded the Simca. In February 2002, the Court of Criminal Appeal quashed Button's conviction. Button now spearheads the Western Australian Innocence Project, which aims to free the wrongfully convicted.
September 14, 1964	Alexander McLeod-Lindsay	Attempted murder of his wife, Pamela Parsons	Sylvania, New South Wales.	18 years	9 years	Yes
		McLeod-Lindsay returned from work to find his wife Pamela and son Bruce severely beaten. Police developed the theory that he had slipped away from the hotel, attacked his family and returned to work, unnoticed. Blood on McLeod-Lindsay's jacket was said to have been "impact splatter", and deposited during the attack. Both victims survived the attack. Pamela McLeod-Lindsay was adamant that her husband had not attacked her. She said that the attacker had an Australian accent. McLeod-Lindsay's accent was Scottish. McLeod-Lindsay was charged anyway with the attempted murder of his wife and son. The prosecution contended that Pamela McLeod-Lindsay was lying to protect the family's income. McLeod-Lindsay was found guilty. McLeod-Lindsay was exonerated after a further review by another blood spatter pattern expert determined that the pattern was likely caused by transfer when he cradled his wife rather than by blows.
December 3, 1977	Edward Splatt	Murder and sexual assault of 77-year-old Rosa Simper	Cheltenham, South Australia	Life imprisonment	7 years	No
		Splatt spent seven years in jail for the murder of Rosa Simper but a Royal Commission led to a pardon and compensation of $300,000 in 1984. The commission found that forensic evidence was unreliable and that some contamination of the crime scene had possibly occurred.
June 4, 1979	David Szach	Murder of 44-year-old partner Derrance Stevenson	Parkside, South Australia	Life imprisonment	14 years	No
		19-year-old David Szach was convicted of murdering his 44-year-old lover, Derrance Stevenson, after his body was found in a freezer with a gunshot to the back of the head.
August 17, 1980	Lindy Chamberlain-Creighton, Michael Chamberlain	Murder of her daughter, Azaria*	Uluru, Northern Territory of Australia	Life imprisonment	3 years	Yes
		Lindy Chamberlain-Creighton was convicted in 1982 for the murder of her nine-week-old daughter, Azaria, after claiming that the baby had been taken by a dingo. In 1986, a British tourist fell to his death in Uluru while hiking. During the search for his remains, Azaria's missing matinee jacket was discovered in an area full of dingo lairs. The Chief Minister of the Northern Territory ordered Lindy Chamberlain's immediate release and the case was reopened. On September 15, 1988, the Northern Territory Court of Criminal Appeals unanimously overturned all convictions against Lindy and her husband, Michael Chamberlain, who had been convicted of accessory after the fact.
June 22, 1982	Ray, Peter and Brian Mickelberg	Robbery (the Perth Mint Swindle)	Perth, Western Australia	20, 16 and 12 years in prison, respectively.	Varied	Yes
		Ray, Peter, and Brian Mickelberg were convicted in 1983 of the Perth Mint Swindle. In 2002, Tony Lewandowski came forward and admitted the police had framed the brothers. In July 2004 their convictions were quashed and as part of a libel settlement, the West Australian police issued a public apology in December 2007. They were given A$500,000 each and $658,672 to cover legal fees.
January 4, 1983	Raymond Geesing	Murder	Hackham, South Australia	Life imprisonment	17 months	Yes
		10-year-old Louise Bell was abducted from her home on the night of January 4, 1983. Louise was never found and is believed dead. Later that year several jailhouse informants reported that Raymond John Geesing, imprisoned for an unrelated crime, had confessed to abducting and murdering Louise. He was convicted in 1984, but the following year his conviction was quashed on appeal. The court of appeal found that the prison witnesses were unreliable and should not have been believed. A man named Dieter Pfennig was later convicted of Louise Bell's murder after his DNA was found on her clothes, which had been recovered from a nearby house.
1984	Kevin Condren	Murder	Goodna, Queensland	Life imprisonment	Six years	Yes
		Condren was an aboriginal Australian who was convicted on the basis of his alleged confession, which he said was based on police coercion and fabrication. Three new witnesses who did not testify at his trial came forward. Based on their testimony and serious doubts about the validity of Condren's confession, the Court of Appeal reversed his conviction in 1990. He was awarded A$400,000 in 1991.
January 10, 1989	David Eastman	Assassination of Police Commissioner Colin Winchester	Canberra, Australian Capital Territory	Life imprisonment	19 years	Yes
		Eastman was found guilty after a trial by jury in 1995. After 19 years in gaol a judicial inquiry determined that Eastman was the victim of a miscarriage of justice; his conviction was quashed on August 22, 2014, and he was released. He was tried a second time and, on November 22, 2018, found not guilty.
February 20, 1989 - February 27, 1999	Kathleen Folbigg	Murder of her four children*		40 years, reduced on appeal to 30 years	20 years	Yes
		Folbigg and her husband had four children, all of whom died suddenly in infancy between 1989 and 1999. After the fourth death, Folbigg was charged with murder. The case was based on Meadow's law, a statistical principle stating that three or more sudden infant deaths in one family are murder unless proven otherwise; this principle was later discredited after it was found to have led to multiple wrongful convictions in the United Kingdom. Folbigg was convicted in 2003 and sentenced to 40 years in prison, which was reduced to 30 years on appeal. In 2018 an investigation by Carola Garcia de Vinuesa led to the discovery that Folbigg's children had likely died due to a genetic mutation they had inherited from her, rather than foul play. After a judicial review refused to overturn her conviction, she was pardoned by New South Wales governor Margaret Beazley in June 2023. Later that year her conviction was quashed by the Court of Criminal Appeal.
September 1991	Graham Stafford	Murder of Leanne Sarah Holland	Queensland	Life imprisonment	14 years	Yes
		The conviction of Stafford was based on forensic evidence that was undermined in subsequent appeals, including an unprecedented third appeal. The Court of Appeal held he had been denied a fair trial and ordered a retrial; However, the Director of Public Prosecutions subsequently decided a new trial would not be in the public interest.
March 18, 1994	Henry Keogh	Murder of his fiancée, Anna-Jane Cheney*	Magill, South Australia	26 years	21 years	Yes
		The evidence used in Keogh's trial was scanty and obscure, and it was later revealed that police withheld vital information from his defence team. A forensic review of the case concluded that there was no evidence Cheney was even murdered. His conviction was quashed, and while a retrial was initially pursued, it was subsequently abandoned.
May 23, 1994	Andrew Mallard	Murder of Pamela Lawrence	Perth, Western Australia		11 years	Yes
		Andrew Mallard was convicted for the murder of jeweller Pamela Lawrence in 1994 after eight unrecorded hours of police interrogation and a brief recorded "confession" that followed. In 2005, the High Court of Australia was advised that the prosecution and/or police had withheld evidence that showed his innocence, and overturned his conviction. Mallard was released from prison. A "cold case" review of the murder conducted after Mallard's release implicated Simon Rochford as the actual offender, and Mallard was exonerated.
November 15, 2001	Rory Christie	Murder	Perth	Life imprisonment	4 years	Yes
		Rory Christie was jailed for a minimum of 11 years in 2003 for the alleged murder of his estranged wife Susan, who disappeared in November 2001. The only substantial evidence against him was that traces of Susan's blood were found on his tie, which he claimed was from where he had helped her with a bloody nose earlier in the day. Witnesses who supported this story were later found, and Christie's conviction was quashed because this evidence raised a reasonable doubt that the blood found on his tie came from where he had allegedly killed Susan. A judge later ruled Christie could not be re-tried, as apart from the blood on the tie there was no evidence against him.
September 15, 2003	Ram Tiwary	Murders of Tay Chow Lyang and Tony Tan Poh Chuan	Sydney	Life in prison	8 years	Yes
		Two Singaporean students, Tay Chow Lyang and Tony Tan Poh Chuan, were beaten and stabbed to death in two separate attacks in their flat in Sydney on September 15, 2003. Their flatmate, fellow Singaporean Ram Tiwary, was convicted of the murders, which he was alleged to have committed for financial reasons. The main evidence against him was that his fingerprints were found on one of the murder weapons, which he said he had picked up when he found the bodies. Despite the ferocity of the attack there was only a minuscule amount of blood on Tiwary, which was consistent with his story that Tony's blood (none of Tay's blood was found on him) had gotten on him from an expiration reflex when he checked his pulse. Blood found on the exterior door also suggested that the killer had fled the scene after committing the murders, which was supported by witnesses who had seen an unidentified car speeding away from the crime scene, yet Tiwary was still in the house when police arrived a few minutes later. A retrial took place in 2009 after the judge was found to have misdirected the jury and also ended in a guilty verdict. However, in 2012 the Court of Appeal quashed Tiwary's conviction after concluding that the evidence did not prove Tiwary's guilt.
November 12, 2012	Steven Mark John Fennel	Murder of Liselotte Watson	Macleay Island, Queensland		6 years	Yes
		Steven Mark John Fennel was convicted for the murder of 85-year-old woman Liselotte Watson. In 2019, the High Court of Australia overturned his conviction in Fennel v The Queen 2019 HCA 37 https://eresources.hcourt.gov.au/showCase/2019/HCA/37. Fennel is suing the Queensland government for $5.5 million for wrongful imprisonment.

Brazil

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
2010 – 2011	Jorge Luiz Thais Martins	Kisan kiyashi na masu shan miyagun ƙwayoyi tara	Curitiba		Shekaru 5	Haka ne,
		Tsohon kwamandan rundunar kashe gobara ta soja, an kama Thais saboda kisan kai bayan shaidu da yawa sun gano shi a matsayin mai kisan kai kuma ana zaton yana so ya rama kisan dansa, wanda aka kashe a lokacin fashi a cikin shekara ta 2009. An wanke shi kuma an cire shi a hukumance a shekarar 2016, lokacin da mambobin ƙungiyar kisa da jami'an 'yan sanda biyar suka kafa suka danganci kisan. Thais ta samu nasarar kai karar jihar Paraná a shekarar 2019 kuma ta biya bashin da reales 50,000.

Kanada

Date of crime	Defendant(s)	Crime	Location	Sentence	Time served	Legally exonerated
June 9, 1959	Steven Truscott	Rape and murder of classmate Lynne Harper	Vanastra, Ontario	Death, then Life in Prison	10 years	Yes
		Steven Truscott's wrongful conviction of murder in the death of Lynne Harper stood for 48 years before finally being overturned on August 28, 2007.
December 14, 1961	Réjean Hinse	Armed robbery of a general store	Mont-Laurier, Quebec	15 years	8 years	Yes
		Claimed he was 200 km away in Montreal at the time of the robbery. The Quebec Police Commission concluded in 1989 that Hinse was the victim of "a botched investigation". The Supreme Court of Canada, in 2015, dismissed a large compensation that would have been the largest wrongful conviction award in Canadian history.
August 9, 1967	Roméo Phillion	Murder of Léopold Roy	Ottawa, Ontario	Life in prison	31 years	Yes
		Murder of veteran of fire department Léopold Roy Phillion died in 2015 at the age of 76 before his $14 million lawsuit against the Ontario government had been settled. The longest ever sentence served by a Canadian prisoner whose conviction was later overturned.
January 31, 1969	David Milgaard	Murder of 20-year-old nursing student, Gail Miller	Saskatoon, Saskatchewan	Life in Prison	23 years	Yes
		In 1969, 16-year-old David Milgaard was convicted and given a life sentence for the murder of 20-year-old nursing aide Gail Miller. After 23 years of imprisonment, the Supreme Court of Canada allowed for the release of Milgaard. In 1997 Milgaard, received an apology from the Saskatchewan government after DNA tests in the U.K. excluded him.
September 20, 1970	John Salmon	Manslaughter of his wife, Maxine Ditchfield*	Woodstock, Ontario	10 years	3 years	Yes
		Salmon and his common-law wife, Maxine Ditchfield, returned home from a night out with friends in the early hours of September 20, 1970. Later that day, Salmon found Ditchfield lying on the floor with a head injury. She died in hospital two days later. The police believed that Salmon had beaten Ditchfield during a drunken argument, as the two of them had argued earlier that night, and their son said he had seen Salmon pushing Ditchfield to the floor. Salmon argued that her head injury was caused when she drunkenly fell out of her chair earlier in the night, but was found guilty of manslaughter and served three years of a ten-year prison sentence before being released on parole in 1974. In the mid-2000s Salmon contacted the Association in the Defence of the Wrongly Convicted, who had the case reviewed by three pathologists who agreed that Ditchfield's injuries were not consistent with a physical assault. They concluded that Ditchfield had suffered a blood clot on her brain as a result of her earlier fall which had caused her to suffer a fatal stroke. It was also established that Salmon's son could not have seen the alleged fight from where he had claimed to be standing. The Crown Attorney admitted that Salmon was wrongly convicted and the court of appeal cleared Salmon in 2015.
May 28, 1971	Donald Marshall Jr.	Murder of Sandy Seale	Sydney, Nova Scotia	Life imprisonment	11 years	Yes
		Donald Marshall Jr. and Sandy Seale, then both 17 years old, had been walking around Wentworth Park in Sydney, Nova Scotia during the late evening with the intent to "roll a drunk" as stated at Marshall's trial. They confronted an older man they encountered in the park named Roy Ebsary. Seale was stabbed to death. Police speculated that Marshall Jr. had murdered Seale and he was convicted on the basis of witness statements. Several years later, a witness came forward to say he had seen another man stab Seale, and several prior witness statements pinpointing Marshall Jr. were recanted. A year after the appeal, the Nova Scotia Court of Appeal declared him not guilty of the murder. In its ruling, however, the court opined that Marshall Jr. was "the author of his own misfortune", essentially blaming him for the conviction. A 1990 royal commission of inquiry criticized that finding as "a serious and fundamental error", blaming police incompetence and "systemic racism" for the conviction (Marshall is Mi’kmaq). His case led to widespread changes in Canada's evidence disclosure rules. Prosecutors had withheld exculpatory evidence from the defence in the Marshall Jr. case; the prosecution must now fully disclose to the defence any evidence it has in its possession. Ebsary was subsequently tried and convicted of manslaughter.
December 23, 1981	Thomas Sophonow	Murder of 16-year-old Barbara Stoppel			4 years	Yes
		Stoppel was working at the Ideal Donut Shop in Winnipeg when she was found strangled in the restroom with a nylon cord. She died five days later. Witnesses gave police a description of a man wearing a cowboy hat enter the establishment, lock the door, and walk towards the back. Sophonow, who had a police record, bore a resemblance to the sketch. He was convicted on the basis of the eyewitness identification and a jailhouse informant who testified that Sophonow confessed to him. Sophonow was tried three times. The first ended in a mistrial, the second two in convictions. Both convictions were overturned and the court of appeal ordered an acquittal. The Winnipeg police service began a reinvestigation and in June 2000, they publicly announced that Sophonow was innocent and another suspect had been identified. In 2001, Justice Peter Cory concluded that police misconduct contributed to the wrongful conviction. The use of jailhouse informants and misuse and manipulation of eyewitness accounts was criticized.
October 3, 1983	Andy Rose	Murder of Andrea Scherpf and Bernd Göricke	Chetwynd, British Columbia	15 years	10 years	Yes
		German tourists Scherpf and Göricke were murdered while hitch-hiking in October 1983. Andy Rose was twice convicted of the murders based on the testimony of Madonna Kelly, a woman who claimed to have seen him with blood on his clothes claiming to have killed two people. His conviction was overturned after DNA testing revealed the murders were committed by an unidentified person; the prosecution successfully argued for a third trial after the police got Rose to confess through a Mr. Big operation, but the trial collapsed and Rose was acquitted.
October 3, 1984	Guy Paul Morin	Rape and murder of his 9-year-old neighbour, Christine Jessop	Queensville, Ontario	Life in prison	3 years	Yes
		Jessop disappeared after being dropped off by the school bus at her home. Her body was discovered on December 31, nearly three months later. She had been sexually assaulted and murdered. Morin was arrested for Jessop's murder in April 1985 and was acquitted. The Crown exercised its right to appeal the verdict on the grounds that the trial judge made a fundamental error prejudicing the Crown's right to a fair trial. In 1987 the Court of Appeal ordered a new trial. In 1992, Morin was convicted at his second trial and was sentenced to life imprisonment. Improvements in DNA testing led to a test in 1995 that excluded Morin as the murderer. Morin's appeal of his conviction was allowed (i.e., the conviction was reversed), and a directed verdict of acquittal entered in the appeal. An inquiry culminating in the Kaufman Report into Morin's case also uncovered evidence of police and prosecutorial misconduct, and of misrepresentation of forensic evidence by the Ontario Centre of Forensic Sciences. The identity of Christine Jessop's murderer was announced in October 2020—Calvin Hoover, who had died in 2015.
June 19, 1990	Robert Baltovich	Murder of his girlfriend, Elizabeth Bain	Scarborough, Ontario, Canada.	Life	11 years	Yes
		Robert Baltovich was convicted in 1992 of the murder of Elizabeth Bain; released in 2000 to prepare an appeal based on new evidence. The Court of Appeal for Ontario ordered a new trial, which began in March 2008. At the outset of the trial, the Crown declined to call any evidence, and the judge ordered the jury to bring a verdict of not guilty. Circumstantial evidence pointed to the serial killer Paul Bernardo, an acquaintance of Bain's, as the murderer. The Ontario Attorney-General denied financial compensation to Baltovich in 2010.
September 1990	James Driskell	Murder of Perry Harder	Winnipeg, Manitoba	Life in prison	12 years	No
		Harder was murdered by being shot several times in the chest and buried in a shallow grave near some railroad tracks. Police suspected Driskell of the murders because Harder implicated Driskell in a series of break-ins. The prosecution presented three hairs from Driskell's van that they argued belonged to Harder. A later review by the Forensic Science Services in England determined that none of the hairs belonged to Harder. It was later discovered that a key police witness, Ray Zanidean, tried to recant his testimony. In exchange for his testimony, police made a deal with Zanidean that he would not be charged in an arson case. He also received payment for his legal fees and received money for mortgage payments that were in arrears. He also received $20,000 payment. This information was not disclosed to the jury. Although he has not been formally exonerated, he was released on November 24, 2003.
June 26, 1993	William Mullins-Johnson	Murder of his 4-year-old niece Valin*	Sault Ste Marie, Ontario, Canada	Life in prison	12	Yes
		4-year-old Valin Johnson was found dead in bed on June 27, 1994, having died the previous night. At the time of her death she was being looked after by her uncle, William Mullins-Johnson. It was initially thought that she could have died of natural causes, before pathologist Charles Smith (who would later be exposed as having bungled a number of autopsies, resulting in wrongful convictions) concluded that she was sexually assaulted prior to her death. Mullins-Johnson was convicted of murder in September 2004. 11 years after the trial, missing tissue samples from the case were located and analysed by three pathologists who concluded that Valin had not been sexually assaulted. This removed any evidence that she had been murdered, and Mullins-Johnson was acquitted on appeal in 2007.
October 9, 1993	Tammy Marquardt	Murder of her son, Kenneth*	Toronto, Ontario, Canada	Life in prison	14	Yes
		Tammy was home with her  -year-old son Kenneth, who was napping in their spare bedroom. When she checked on him, she found him tangled in the sheets and gasping for breath. Kenneth suffered irreparable brain damage and was taken off life support three days later. Dr. Charles Smith, who was considered to be the leading expert in Canada on criminally suspicious pediatric deaths, was consulted on the case. Smith concluded that Kenneth's death was not accidental. Tammy's defence insisted her son died from complications of an epileptic seizure. She was convicted. Smith's work subsequently came into question on a number of cases. On June 7, 2005, Chief Coroner for Ontario, Dr. Barry McLellan, announced that a formal review would be conducted of criminal cases for which Smith had performed the autopsy. In October 2007, another forensic pathologist assigned to the case concluded that Smith's finding of asphyxia was "illogical and completely against scientific evidence-based reasoning". In 2011, the Ontario Court of Appeal quashed Marquadt's conviction and the Crown withdrew the charges against her. Experts hired by the prosecution agreed that Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) could not be ruled out as the cause of death in Kenneth's case as well as other natural cases of death.
August 4, 2002	Nelson Hart	Murder of his twin daughters, Krista and Karen	Little Harbour, Newfoundland and Labrador	Life in prison	7 years	Yes
		Hart was accused of murdering his 2-year-old twin daughters, Krista and Karen, who drowned during a trip to Little Harbour. According to Hart, Krista fell into the water while he was suffering an epileptic seizure, and Hart, who could not swim, was obliged to drive back to Gander Lake to get help. By the time he returned, Krista had drowned and Karen had fallen into the water in his absence and also drowned. Police were suspicious of Hart's story and initiated a covert Mr. Big operation in which undercover police officers enticed Hart into a fictional crime gang before pressuring him into confessing to pushing his daughters into the lake under the threat of expelling him from the gang. Hart was convicted of his daughter's murder in 2007. He appealed his conviction arguing that his confession was inadmissible as evidence. In 2012 the Court of Appeal ruled that Hart's confession was coerced, the police involved in the investigation having threatened him with expulsion from the gang unless he told them what they wanted to hear. The court ordered a new trial. Two years later, Hart was released from prison after the prosecution decided they did not have enough evidence to try him.

China

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
1987	Teng Xingshan	Rashin fyade, fashi da kisan kai	Hunan, kasar Sin	Hukuncin mutuwa	An kashe shi	Haka ne, bayan mutuwarsa
		Teng Xingshan, mai yankan nama, an yanke masa hukunci (an gaya wa kotun "Teng ya furta laifinsa a kan shirinsa kuma ikirarinsa ya dace da binciken kimiyya da ganowa") kuma an kashe shi a shekarar 1989 don kisan Shi Xiaorong, mai ba da abinci wanda ya ɓace. Shi ta sake bayyana a Shandong a 1993 kuma ta ce ba ta taɓa saduwa da Teng ba. An wanke Teng bayan mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2006.
1993	Zhang Yuhuan	Kisan kai	Jinxian, lardin Jiangxi	Hukuncin kisa, an sauya shi zuwa ɗaurin rai da rai	Shekaru 27	Haka ne,
		Zhang Yuhuan ya ci gaba da cewa 'yan sanda sun azabtar da shi kuma sun tilasta masa ya furta kisan yara maza biyu a 1993. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2019 babbar kotun ta amince da sake shari'ar kuma a watan Yulin masu gabatar da kara na lardin sun ba da shawarar cewa a wanke Zhang bisa ga rashin isasshen shaida. Ya yi tafiya kyauta a watan Agusta 2020. Ba a san wanda ya kashe yaran biyu a 1993 ba.
1994	Ita Xianglin	Kisan kai*	Garin Yanmenkou, Lardin Hubei	Mutuwa, bayan shekaru 15	Shekaru 11	Haka ne,
		Zhang Zaiyu ta ɓace daga ƙauyenta a watan Janairun 1994. Mijin Zhang She Xianglin yana da wani al'amari kuma ya furta kisan Zhang bayan an yi masa tambayoyi, ikirarin da ya yi daga baya ya yi ikirarin cewa an yi masa azabtarwa. An yanke mata hukuncin kisa a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1994; daga baya aka ba shi sabon shari'a a shekara ta 1998 wanda kuma ya same shi, amma an kare shi daga hukuncin kisa a wannan lokacin kuma an sake yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 15 a kurkuku. A shekara ta 2005 an sami Zhang Zaiyu da rai. Gwajin DNA ya tabbatar da asalinta kuma an sake ta wata daya bayan haka.
1995	Nie Shubin	Rashin fyade da kisan kai	Ƙauyen Zhang Ying, lardin Hubei	Hukuncin mutuwa	An kashe shi	Haka ne, bayan mutuwarsa
		An yanke wa Nie Shubin hukunci bayan 'yan sanda sun sami ikirari daga gare shi tare da mako guda na "bincike mai kyau, gami da yakin basasa" kuma an kashe shi a shekarar 1995 don fyade da kisan Kang Juhua, wata mace mai shekaru talatin. A shekara ta 2005, Wang Shujin ya yarda wa 'yan sanda cewa ya aikata kisan kai kuma ya bayyana cikakkun bayanai game da kisan kai da 'yan sanda suka sani kawai.
1996	Huugjilt	Rashin fyade da kisan kai	Mongoliya ta ciki	Hukuncin mutuwa	An kashe shi	Haka ne, bayan mutuwarsa
		An kashe wani matashi dan kasar Sin saboda fyade da kisan wasu matasa. Da yake ba za su iya samun mai laifin ba, 'yan sanda na yankin sun kama Huugjilt a maimakon haka, wanda shine na farko da ya gano kuma ya ba da rahoton lamarin, kuma ya sami shaidarsa ta hanyar azabtarwa. An bayyana shi marar laifi bayan da ainihin mai laifin, Zhao Zhihong, wanda aka kashe a shekarar 2015, ya yarda da laifin. An biya iyalin Huugjilt yuan miliyan 2.05 (daidai da US $ 298,000) daga Babban Kotun Jama'a ta Inner Mongolia.
2001	Chen Keyun	Bomba da ya kashe mutum daya	Fuqing, kasar Sin	Hukuncin mutuwa (sau biyu)	Shekaru 12	Haka ne,
		'Yan sanda sun kama Chen (da wasu biyar) bayan wani bam ya tashi a waje da ofishin gwamnati wanda ke binciken jami'ai kan cin hanci da rashawa kamar yadda ofishin ya bincika Chen a baya. An azabtar da Chen ta hanyar bugawa, yunwa, rataye ta hannunsa daga mashaya a kan babban taga da kuma hana shi barci kuma ya sanya hannu kan ikirarin tilasta. Sauran ma an azabtar da su. An yanke wa Chen hukunci kuma an yanke masa hukuncin kisa kuma sauran sun sami hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku. Bayan daukaka kara da yawa a cikin 2013 kotun lardin Fuzhou ta wanke Chen da sauran kuma ta ba da gudummawa don biyan Yuan miliyan 4.2 (kimanin $ 690,000).

Finland

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
2006	Anneli Auer	Kisan kai	Ulvila	Kurkuku na Rayuwa	Shekaru 1.6	Haka ne,
		A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2006, an kashe Jukka S. Lahti a cikin abin da aka sani da kisan kai na Ulvila . An kama matarsa, Anneli Auer, saboda kisan da ya yi a shekarar 2009. An same ta a shekara ta 2010 kuma an yanke mata hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. Kotun daukaka kara ta soke hukuncin da aka yanke mata. A cikin 2012, Kotun Koli ta ba da umarnin sake shari'ar bayan masu gabatar da kara sun gabatar da sabbin shaidu. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2013, an same ta kuma an yanke mata hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai a karo na biyu. Kotun daukaka kara ta sake soke hukuncin. Masu gabatar da kara sun daukaka kara ga Kotun Koli, wanda ya tabbatar da wankewar. An ba ta € 545,000 a matsayin diyya, kuma ta gabatar da wata da'awar da ba ta yi nasara ba don € 2.5 miliyan a matsayin diya.

Faransa

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
1431	Joan na Arc	ridda da kuma sanya tufafi	Ruwan, Faransa	Hukuncin mutuwa, ƙonewa a kan gungume	An kashe shi	Haka ne, bayan mutuwarsa
		An kashe Joan na Arc a cikin 1431 a kan zargin ridda. An wanke ta bayan mutuwarta a shekara ta 1456.
Oktoba 14, 1761	Jean Calas	Kisan ɗansa, Marc-Antoine	Toulouse, Faransa	Hukuncin mutuwa, fashewar motarkarkatar da motar	An kashe shi	Haka ne, bayan mutuwarsa
		An kashe Jean Calas daga Toulouse a ranar 10 ga Maris, 1762, saboda kisan dansa Marc Antoine . Masanin falsafa Voltaire, wanda ya gamsu da rashin laifi, ya yi nasarar sake buɗe shari'ar da kuma farfado da Jean a cikin shekara ta 1765.
1894	Alfred Dreyfus	Cin amana		Kurkuku na rai a tsibirin Iblis a Guiana na Faransa		Haka ne,
		An yanke wa Alfred Dreyfus hukunci ba daidai ba saboda cin amana a shekara ta 1894. Bayan an ɗaure shi a kurkuku a Tsibirin Iblis, an tabbatar da shi marar laifi tare da taimakon Emile Zola kuma an sake farfadowa ne kawai a cikin 1906. Dubi batun Dreyfus.
Afrilu 30, 1987	Patrick Dils	Kisan yara biyu, Cyril Beining da Alexandre Beckrich	Montigny-lès-Metz, Faransa	Kurkuku na Rayuwa	Shekaru 15	Haka ne,
		An soke hukuncin Dils kuma an wanke shi a sake shari'a a shekara ta 2002.
2001	Mutane 17	Cin zarafin yara		Kurkuku		Haka ne,
		A shekara ta 2005, an tabbatar da mutane goma sha uku marasa laifi game da cin zarafin yara bayan sun yi shekaru hudu a kurkuku. Ɗaya daga cikin goma sha huɗu ya mutu a kurkuku. Mutane hudu ne kawai aka tabbatar da laifi. Wannan sanannen shari'ar, wanda ya girgiza ra'ayin jama'a sosai, an san shi da Affaire d'Outreau, shari'ar Outreau, daga sunan garin da wadanda abin ya shafa ke zaune.
Disamba 2001	Marc Machin	Kisan kai	Neuilly-sur-Seine kusa da Paris	Kurkuku	Shekaru 11	Haka ne,
		A shekara ta 2001, an kashe Marie-Agnès Bedot mai shekaru 45 ta hanyar wuka. An yanke wa Marc Machin mai shekaru goma sha tara hukuncin kisan kai bisa ga shaidar da aka tilasta masa ikirarin. A shekara ta 2008 David Sagno, mutumin da ba shi da gida, ya yarda da kisan Bedot kuma 'yan sanda sun sami DNA na Sagno a kan tufafin Bedot. An soke hukuncin Machin kuma an wanke shi a shekarar 2012.

Jamus

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
1935—1940	Leo Katzenberger	Rashin bambancin launin fata*	Nuremberg	Mutuwa	An kashe shi	A'a
		An zargi Katzenberger da aikata laifukan launin fata a karkashin Dokokin Nuremberg na Anti-Semitic ta hanyar yin jima'i da wani masani mai suna Irene Seiler . Seiler da Katzenberger dukansu sun musanta zarge-zargen, kuma shaidar kawai ita ce shaidar shaidar guda ɗaya wanda ya ga Katzenbergers yana barin gidan Seiler bayan duhu. An kashe Katzenberger ne bayan wani shari'ar da aka yi wa lakabi da Nazi Oswald Rothaug, wanda daga baya aka same shi da laifin laifukan yaki saboda sa hannu a cikin shari'ar.
Maris 1942	Irene Seiler	Yin ƙarya*	Nuremberg	Shekaru 2	Shekaru 2	A'a
		Wata mace 'yar Jamus da aka zarge ta da yin jima'i da Leo Katzenberger da ke sama, ta hanyar keta dokokin Nuremberg. An same ta da laifin yin rantsuwa bayan ta yi rantsuwa da cewa zargin da aka yi wa Katzenberger karya ne. Masana tarihi na zamani sun dauke ta marasa laifi.
Oktoba 13, 2001	Hermine Rupp, 'ya'yanta mata biyu, da kuma saurayin' yarta	Kisan Rudolf Rupp, mijin Hermine Rupp*	Neuburg an der Donau (Bavaria, Jamus)	Shekaru	Shekaru 5	Fabrairu 25, 2011
		Rudolf Rupp ya ɓace a kan hanyarsa ta dawowa daga mashaya ta gida wata dare a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2001. jita-jita na cikin gida sun bazu cewa dangin Rupp sun kashe Rudy mai ban sha'awa, wanda ke da tarihin shan giya da fada. 'Yan sanda ba su da wata shaida a cikin shari'ar, amma a ƙarshe sun tilasta ikirarin daga dangin cewa sun buge shi, sun raba shi, kuma sun ciyar da shi ga karnuka. Ba a sami wata hujja ta zahiri ba, amma an yanke musu hukunci bisa ga ikirarin da ya saba wa juna. A shekara ta 2009, an gano jikin Rupp a bayan motar Mercedes dinsa a cikin kogin Danube a cikin hatsarin mota. Kodayake gawar ta sha wahala ta hanyar kifi da ke cinyewa, babu wata shaida ta aikata laifi.
Agusta 28, 2001	Horst Arnold	Rashin fyade*	Reichelsheim, Jamus	Shekaru 5	Shekaru 5	Yuli 5, 2011
		Horst Arnold malamin wasanni ne da ilmin halitta a makarantar sakandare ta August Zinn a Reichelsheim . Wata abokiyar aiki ta mata, Heidi K., ta zarge shi da yi mata fyade, kuma bisa ga shaidarta an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru biyar a kurkuku. Sai bayan da aka sake shi, kwamishinan daidaito (wanda, da farko, ya goyi bayan Heidi K. kafin da kuma lokacin shari'ar) ya lura da saɓani da yawa a cikin labarun ta. A kurkuku, Arnold ya ci gaba da musanta laifin kuma ya ki zaman magani, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa aka hana shi izini da wuri a kan parole. A cikin sake shari'ar, an cire Arnold, kuma a cikin 2013, an yanke wa Heidi K. hukuncin shekaru biyar da watanni shida.

Girka

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
399 KZ	Socrates	Cin hanci da rashawa ga matasa na Athens da rashin tsoron Allah	Athens, Girka	Hukuncin mutuwa, shan guba hemlock	An kashe shi	A'a
		Fassarar zamani sun bayyana wannan hukuncin da aka yanke masa a maimakon haka fansa ne saboda alakarsa da masu mulkin kama karya talatin.
1922 (AZ)	D. Gounaris, G. Baltatzis, N. Stratos, N. Theotokis da P. Protopapadakis (Jarabawar Shida)	Babban Cin amana	Athens, Girka	Hukuncin mutuwa	An kashe shi	Haka ne, bayan mutuwarsa
		A shekara ta 2010, kotunan Girka sun sauya hukuncin da aka yanke musu saboda cin amana mai girma na shida.

Iceland

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
1974	Sævar Ciesielski, Kristjan Vídar Vídarsson, Tryggvi Rúnar Leifsson, Albert Klahn Skaftason, Guðjón Skarphéðinsson da Erla Bolladóttir	Kisan Guðmundur da Geirfinnur	Hafnarfjörður da Keflavík, kusa da Reykjavík Iceland	Hukuncin rai biyu; sauran hudu sun sami watanni 15 zuwa shekaru 16 (an rage hukuncin a 1980)	Dukansu sun yi amfani da lokacin su a kurkuku	Haka ne
		Maza biyu, Guðmundur da Geirfinnur, sun ɓace a cikin Janairu da Nuwamba 1974. 'Yan sanda na Iceland sun gamsu cewa wadanda ake zargi shida sun kasance suna da hannu a kisan wadannan maza biyu kodayake babu gawarwaki, shaidu ko shaidar shari'a. 'Yan sanda sun yi wa wadanda ake zargi tambayoyi masu tsanani da tsawo (ciki har da biyu da suka yi sama da kwanaki 600 a tsare su kadai, azabtar da ruwa, hana barci da kwayoyi). Yawancin 'yan Iceland sun yi imanin cewa shida ba su da laifi. BBC ta bayyana wannan a matsayin "... daya daga cikin mummunar zubar da ciki na adalci da Turai ta taba gani. "

Iran

Date of crime	Defendant(s)	Crime	Location	Sentence	Time served	Legally exonerated
2004	Atefah Sahaaleh	Adultery and "crimes against chastity"*	Neka, Iran	Death by hanging	Executed	Yes, posthumously
		Sahaaleh was convicted for "crimes against chastity" for being involved in a sexual relationship with a 51-year-old married man named Ali Darabi. Sahaaleh claimed she was raped by Darabi multiple times over the course of 3 years and then tortured into confessing. During her trial, she removed her hijab, an act seen as severe contempt of court, and argued that Darabi should be punished, not her. The judge sentenced her to death. Darabi was sentenced to 95 lashes. Unbeknownst to her parents, documents presented to the Supreme Court of Appeal described her as 22 years old. Her birth certificate indicated her age was 16. Amnesty International and other organizations declared her execution to be a crime against humanity and against children of the world.

Ireland

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
1882	Maolra Seoighe, wanda aka fi sani da Myles Joyce	Kisan kai	Maamtrasna, Ireland	Mutuwa	An kashe shi	Haka ne, bayan mutuwarsa
		Joyce na ɗaya daga cikin mutane uku da aka yanke musu hukuncin kisa saboda kisan wani iyali a Ireland, wanda yake wani ɓangare na Ƙasar Ingila a lokacin. Joyce bai yi magana da Turanci ba, lauyansa bai yi magana ba da Irish, an ba da shaidu masu karya, an hana shaidar, kuma yawancin malamai sun ɗauki hukuncin a matsayin rashin adalci. A cikin 2018 Shugaban Ireland ya ba da gafara kuma ya ce "An yanke wa Maolra Seoighe hukunci ba daidai ba da kisan kai kuma an rataye shi saboda wani laifi da bai aikata ba".
Janairu 8, 1990	Ganuwar Nora	Rashin fyade*	Dublin	Rayuwa	Kwanaki 4	Haka ne,
		An yanke Wall hukunci ne bisa zargin ƙarya da Regina Walsh (tarihin ilimin halayyar dan adam) da Patricia Phelan (tarihin zarge-zargen ƙarya) suka yi. Matar farko a tarihin Jihar Irish da aka yanke masa hukuncin fyade, mutum na farko da ya sami hukuncin rai da rai saboda fyade kuma mutum daya tilo a tarihin jihar da aka yanke shi hukunci akan shaidar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
Maris 31, 1976	Sallins Fashi na jirgin kasa hudu	Fashi da jirgin kasa	Sallins, County Kildare	Shekaru 9 zuwa 12	Shekaru 4	Haka ne,
		Osgur Breatnach, Nicky Kelly, Brian Mcnally, Michael Plunkett, John Fitzpatrick Garda Síochána sun kama su kuma sun doke su don cire ikirari a karkashin tilasta daga hudu (Plunkett bai sanya hannu ba). An sami su huɗun da laifi ba tare da wata hujja ba ban da ikirarin. An wanke Breatnach da McNally a kan roko bisa la'akari da cewa an dauki maganganun su a karkashin tilastawa. An ba Kelly gafarar shugaban kasa kuma ya sami £ 750,000 a matsayin diyya.

Isra'ila

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
1933	Ibrahim Stavsky	Kashe Haim Arlosoroff	Tel Aviv	Mutuwa	Shekara guda	Haka ne,
		Stavsky na ɗaya daga cikin Masu gyarawa uku da aka yi musu shari'a don kisan Haim Arlosoroff, fitaccen shugaban jam'iyyar Mapai. Stavsky shine kadai wanda aka yanke masa hukunci, bisa ga shaidar matar Arlosoroff Sima wacce ta gano Stavsky a matsayin mutumin da ya makantar da Arlosoroffs da fitilar kafin ɗayan mai kai hari ya harbe shi. Shekara guda bayan da aka yanke masa hukunci, an wanke Stavsky a kan dalilai na fasaha kamar yadda doka ta buƙaci cewa akwai shaidar da ba shaidar ido ba; kodayake kotun ta bayyana imanin cewa Stavsky yana da laifi, kwamitin bincike game da kisan daga baya ya kammala cewa ba shi da laifi.
1942–1945	John Demjanjuk	Laifukan da aka yi wa bil'adama	sansanin hallaka na Treblinka	Mutuwa	Shekaru biyar	Haka ne
		John Demjanjuk, ɗan Ukraine da ke zaune a Amurka, an mika shi zuwa Isra'ila a 1986 don yin shari'a saboda zarginsa na shiga cikin Holocaust a matsayin Trawniki a sansanin Treblinka. Mutane da yawa da suka tsira sun gano Demjanjuk a matsayin "Ivan the Terrible", sanannen mai tsaron Ukraine a Treblinka wanda ke kula da ɗakunan gas. Tsaron Demjanjuk shine cewa shaidun sun yi kuskure kuma bai taba aiki a Treblinka ba. An ba Demjanjuk hukuncin kisa. Kotun Koli ta Isra'ila ta wanke shi a kan daukaka kara a 1993 bayan an bayyana cewa masu gabatar da kara sun hana shaidar da ke tabbatar da cewa Ivan the Terrible wani dan Ukraine ne mai suna Ivan Marchenko; duk da haka, a lokacin da ake gudanar da da daukaka kara, shaidar ta bayyana ta nuna cewa Demjanjuk ya kasance mai tsaro a wani sansanin hallaka daban. Kotun Koli ta ki yarda a yi wa Demjanjuk shari'a saboda laifukansa a Sobibor, amma daga baya aka yanke masa hukunci a kotun Jamus a shekara ta 2011; Demjanjuk ya mutu a shekara mai zuwa yayin da yake daukaka kara game da hukuncin, ya bar karar ba a warware ta ba.
1948	Meir Tobianski	Cin amana		Mutuwa	An kashe shi	Haka ne, bayan mutuwarsa
		A watan Yunin 1948, a lokacin yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na 1948, an kama Meir Tobianski, babban jami'in sojojin Isra'ila, bisa zargin leken asiri ga 'yan Jordan. An yi watsi da umarnin Babban Mai gabatar da kara na Soja na tsare da yin tambayoyi ga Tobianski na kwanaki 10; a maimakon haka, an gabatar da shi a kotun soja. An same shi da laifi a kan shaidu, an yanke masa hukuncin kisa, kuma an Kashewa shi ta hanyar harbi a ranar 30 ga Yuni, 1948. Daga baya, wani bincike ya haifar da wankewar Tobianski bayan mutuwarsa. Shugaban leken asiri Isser Be'eri, wanda ke da alhakin kisan Tobianski, daga baya aka gurfanar da shi a gaban shari'a kuma aka same shi da laifin kisan kai.
1974	Amos Baranes	Kisan kai	Gundumar Haifa, tsakanin Kaisariya da Ko Akiva	Kurkuku na Rayuwa	Shekaru	Haka ne,
		A watan Janairun 1976, an yanke Amos Baranes hukunci saboda kisan soja Rachel Heller na shekara ta 1974 kuma an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. Ya kusanci 'yan sanda kuma ya gaya musu cewa ya san wanda aka azabtar, yana da niyyar ba da taimakonsa ta kowace hanya da zai iya, amma sai ya zama wanda ake zargi kuma an kama shi. An same shi da laifin kisan kai kuma an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. An yanke masa hukunci ne kawai a kan ikirarin da ya yi wa 'yan sanda, wanda daga baya ya janye, yana mai cewa' yan sanda sun cire ikirarin daga gare shi ta hanyar cin zarafinsa da kuma hana shi barci na kwanaki hudu. An ki amincewa da roko ga Kotun Koli ta Isra'ila, kodayake an amince da kurakurai a binciken. A shekara ta 1980, Ezra Goldberg, dan sanda mai ritaya ya kammala cewa Baranes ba shi da laifi. Ya ba da bayanin ga Alkalin Haim Cohn, ɗaya daga cikin alƙalai na Kotun Koli waɗanda suka ƙi roko. Cohn ya kammala cewa hukuncinsa ba daidai ba ne, kuma ya ba da shawarar Baranes ya nemi gafara. Baranes ya ki, yana mai da'awar cewa irin wannan buƙatar zai zama yarda da laifin da bai aikata ba. Cohn ya nemi Shugaba Chaim Herzog ya ba Baranes gafara. Daga karshe aka saki Baranes a watan Yunin 1983 bayan ya sami gafarar shugaban kasa. Ya yi shekaru 8 + 1⁄2 na hukuncinsa.  Bayan an sake shi, Baranes ya ci gaba da gwagwarmayarsa don share sunansa. Sau uku an ki amincewa da bukatarsa na sabon shari'a. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2002, Mai Shari'a na Kotun Koli Dalia Dorner a karshe ya yanke hukuncin cewa ya kamata Baranes ya sami sabon shari'a. Makonni hudu bayan haka, Alkalin Cohn ya mutu. Tattaunawarsa ta karshe ta waya ita ce tare da Mai Shari'a Dorner; ya kira ta daga gadonsa kuma ya gode mata da gyara rashin adalci "wanda na yi". Baranes na ɗaya daga cikin mutanen da suka ɗauki akwatin gawa na Cohn a jana'izarsa. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2002, kotun ta wanke Baranes - ba tare da jin shaidar ba kuma ba tare da yanke shawarar ko Baranes ya aikata laifin ba bayan masu gabatar da kara sun yanke shawarar kada a yi shari'a ba. A shekara ta 2003, an ba Baranes kyautar NIS1.4 miliyan a matsayin diyya. A ranar 5 ga watan Agusta, 2010, an ba shi ƙarin NIS5,029,000 a matsayin diyya. Amos Baranes ya mutu a watan Satumbar 2011. An kama wanda ake zargi da kisan Rachel Heller a shekarar 2019. Bayan an sake shi, Baranes ya ci gaba da gwagwarmayarsa don share sunansa. Sau uku an ki amincewa da bukatarsa na sabon shari'a. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2002, Mai Shari'a na Kotun Koli Dalia Dorner a karshe ya yanke hukuncin cewa ya kamata Baranes ya sami sabon shari'a. Makonni hudu bayan haka, Alkalin Cohn ya mutu. Tattaunawarsa ta karshe ta waya ita ce tare da Mai Shari'a Dorner; ya kira ta daga gadonsa kuma ya gode mata da gyara rashin adalci "wanda na yi". Baranes na ɗaya daga cikin mutanen da suka ɗauki akwatin gawa na Cohn a jana'izarsa. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2002, kotun ta wanke Baranes - ba tare da jin shaidar ba kuma ba tare da yanke shawarar ko Baranes ya aikata laifin ba bayan masu gabatar da kara sun yanke shawarar kada a yi shari'a ba. A shekara ta 2003, an ba Baranes kyautar NIS.4 miliyan a matsayin diyya. A ranar 5 ga watan Agusta, 2010, an ba shi ƙarin NIS5,029,000 a matsayin diyya. Amos Baranes ya mutu a watan Satumbar 2011. An kama wanda ake zargi da kisan Rachel Heller a shekarar 2019.
Ƙarshen shekarun 1970	Azat Naffso	Cin amana da leken asiri	Kfar Shuba	Shekaru 18 da aka ɗaure shi	Shekaru 7	A wani bangare
		A shekara ta 1980, an kama Azat Naffso, tsohon jami'in leken asiri na soja na asalin Circassian, saboda leken asiri, bayan an gano cewa ƙarya daga cikin abokan hulɗarsa a Lebanon ya kasance wakili biyu na Fatah. An yi wa Naffso tambayoyi kuma an azabtar da shi nau'o'i daban-daban don samun ikirari. Bayan kwanaki 14, Naffso ya furta, kuma an yi masa shari'a a gaban kotun soja a 1981, an yanke masa hukunci, kuma an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 18 a kurkuku. A shekara ta 1987, ya yi kira ga Kotun Koli, yana jayayya cewa an cire ikirarinsa ba bisa ka'ida ba kuma masu gabatar da kara sun gabatar da shaidar da aka ƙirƙira. Alƙalai na Kotun Koli sun wanke Naffso daga mafi yawan zarge-zargen kuma sun soki masu tambayoyin Naffso, sun zarge su da yin rantsuwa, da kuma rashin daukar matakan da suka dace yayin tambayoyinsa. An cimma yarjejeniyar neman gafara, inda Naffso ya amince da yin ikirarin laifi don wuce ikon da ke haifar da haɗarin tsaron ƙasa. An rage hukuncin Naffso zuwa shekaru 2 da kuma raguwa zuwa matsayin Sergeant, kuma a sakamakon haka, an sake shi nan da nan. Al'amarin Naffso yana daya daga cikin dalilan da Hukumar Landau, wacce aka kafa don bincika hanyoyin da Shin Bet, hukumar tsaro ta Isra'ila ta yi amfani da ita, ta kafa. Naffso daga baya ya gabatar da da'awar diyya a kan jihar, kuma ya cimma matsaya inda za a ba shi dala miliyan 1 a matsayin diyya kuma ya yi alkawarin ba zai bayyana dalla-dalla game da shari'ar bainar jama'a ba.
c. 1991 – c. 1994	Arnoldo Lazorovsky	Yin jima'i da ɗan ƙarami da yin wani abu mara kyau	Yankin Sharon	Shekaru 6	Shekaru 6	Haka ne,
		A shekara ta 2000, an yanke Arnoldo Lazorovsky hukunci da cin zarafin wani ƙarami yayin da yake aiki a matsayin mai tsabta a Kfar Saba Country Club tsakanin 1991 da 1994, kuma an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru shida a kurkuku, bayan wani saurayi ya zarge shi da shekaru da yawa bayan laifuffukan da ake zargi. Ba da daɗewa ba, Gregory Schneider, wanda ya yi aiki a kulob din kasar, an same shi da irin wannan laifuka bayan mutum ɗaya ya zarge shi, amma an soke hukuncin bayan da aka daukaka kara. A sakamakon haka, Lazorovsky ya nemi kuma an ba shi damar sake shari'a, amma an sake yanke masa hukunci, bayan haka ya yi kira ga Kotun Koli ta Isra'ila, wanda ya soke hukuncin.
1998	Moshe Zagury	Kisan kai, ƙonewa, da fashi		Kurkuku na Rayuwa	Shekaru 5	Haka ne,
		An yanke wa Moshe Zagury hukunci da kisan mai canza kuɗi Ephraim Yass ta Kotun Gundumar Haifa a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1998 bayan wani shaidar jihar ya ba da shaida a kansa don musayar da tuhumar miyagun ƙwayoyi. An yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 11 a kurkuku da shekaru 3 na gwaji. An ki amincewa da roko zuwa Kotun Koli, kuma Kotun Kolai ta kara hukuncinsa zuwa ɗaurin rai da rai. A shekara ta 2004, Kotun Koli ta soke hukuncin da aka yanke masa.
2002	Elisha Haibatov	Kisan kai, fashi, makirci don aikata laifi	Yankin Negev	Kurkuku na Rayuwa	Shekaru 12	Haka ne,
		An kama Elisha Haibatov a watan Janairun shekara ta 2006 saboda kisan gillar da aka yi wa mai ba da kuɗin Shai Edri a Sderot, wanda aka kashe a lokacin fashi. Ya riga ya yi hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku saboda ya ƙone gidansa da kuma barazanar abokin aikinsa a lokacin. An same shi a shekara ta 2007 kuma an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. A cikin 2018, bayan ya yi shekaru 12 a kurkuku, Kotun Koli ta Isra'ila ta soke hukuncin da aka yanke masa na kisan kai, fashi, da kuma makirci don aikata laifi, amma ta tabbatar da hukuncin da aka yi masa na lalata da shaidu, hana adalci, da keta dokar doka. An rage hukuncinsa zuwa shekaru 3, kuma a sakamakon haka an sake shi nan da nan.
2007	Hamed Zinati	Kisan kai	Abu Snan	Kurkuku na Rayuwa	Shekaru 4	Haka ne,
		A shekara ta 2007, an kama Hamed Zinati, wani dillalin ƙasar Druze daga Abu Snan, saboda kisan Youssef Ali, wanda ya auri wata mace da ta yi jima'i da ɗaya daga cikin abokan kasuwancinsa. An same shi bisa ga ikirarin da 'yan sanda suka samu daga wanda ake zargi na uku. Kotun Koli ta Isra'ila ta soke hukuncin da aka yanke masa bayan da ya yi shekaru hudu a kurkuku. Kotun Koli ta soki hukuncin da aka yanke masa, ta yanke hukuncin cewa dogaro da kotun a kan ikirarin da aka samo a cikin yanayi mai ban sha'awa shine mafi duhu na ɗabi'a a kan tsarin shari'a na Isra'ila. An ba shi kyautar $ 100,000 a matsayin diyya.
2002	Roman Zdorov	Kisan kai	Katzrin, Golan Heights	Kurkuku na Rayuwa	Shekaru 13	Haka ne,
		Roman Zdorov, wani mai kula, an kama shi saboda kisan Tair Rada a shekara ta 2006. An yi masa shari'a a Kotun Gundumar Nazarat kuma an yanke masa hukunci kan kisan ta a shekara ta 2010, kuma an yanke mata hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. Wannan shari'ar ta haifar da kulawa da rikici tsakanin jama'ar Isra'ila, tare da masu sukar halin 'yan sanda wajen gudanar da binciken da kuma shakkar laifin Zdorov, daga cikinsu mahaifiyar Tair Rada. An gabatar da shari'ar a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen aikata laifuka na gaskiya na Isra'ila Shadow of Truth . A cikin 2013, Kotun Koli ta Isra'ila ta mayar da karar zuwa kotun gundumar don sake shari'a. An sake yanke wa Zdorov hukunci a shekarar 2014 kuma Kotun Koli ta Isra'ila ta ki amincewa da roko a shekara mai zuwa. A cikin 2021, Kotun Koli ta Isra'ila ta sake ba da umarnin sake shari'a kuma ta saki Zdorov zuwa gidan kama shi. A cikin 2023, an wanke Roman Zdorov a kan sake shari'a.

Italiya

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
1969	Pietro Valpreda	Fashewar bam a Piazza Fontana	Milan, kusa da Duomo di Milano	Shekaru don cajin "ƙungiya mai tayar da kayar baya", kawai (ba kai tsaye ba don fashewar bam)	Shekaru 3 kafin shari'a (yayinda suke jiran shari'a)	Haka ne,
		Pietro Valpreda, wani mai rikici wanda aka hukunta saboda Fashewar bam a Piazza Fontana a shekarar 1969, an same shi marar laifi bayan shekaru goma sha shida. An tsara shi tun lokacin da aka shirya shi don zargi laifin a kan masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na hagu, yayin da kungiyoyin neo-fascist suka aikata shi a matsayin mataki na farko na dabarun tashin hankali.
1976	Giuseppe Gulotta	An harbe Carabinieri biyu	Alcamo Marina, Trapani, Italiya	Rayuwa	Shekaru 22	Haka ne,
		An yanke masa hukuncin kisa saboda kisan Carabinieri biyu, an sake shi lokacin da wani Carabiniere ya bayyana cewa an sami ikirarin ta hanyar azabtarwa.
1983	Enzo Tortora	Cinikin miyagun ƙwayoyi; haɗin kai da Camorra		Shekaru 10	Watanni 7 kafin shari'a + kama gidan bayan da aka yanke masa hukunci na watanni 8 + 1⁄2	Haka ne,
		Enzo Tortora, wani sanannen mai ba da labari a gidan talabijin na RAI na kasa, an kama shi a 1983 kuma an tsare shi a kurkuku na tsawon watanni a kan tuhumar da wasu pentiti na Camorra da sauran mutanen da aka riga aka sani da yin rantsuwa. Ba da daɗewa ba aka lura cewa wannan wataƙila kuskure ne saboda rikice-rikice tare da mutumin da ke da sunan mahaifi ɗaya (ma'ana "turtledove"), amma pentiti ya ci gaba da zargin Tortora da manyan laifuka da suka shafi sayar da miyagun ƙwayoyi. An yanke masa hukuncin shekaru goma a kurkuku a shari'arsa ta farko da aka gudanar a shekarar 1985. An kare shi daga ci gaba da ɗaurin kurkuku a wannan lokacin, saboda sa hannun Jam'iyyar Radical Party wanda ya ba shi takara a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai (EP). Tortora ya lashe zaben a mazabu biyu, duk da cewa kasar ta rabu tsakanin wadanda suka dauke shi da laifi da wadanda suka dauke hann mara laifi. Ya yi murabus a matsayin memba na EP a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985, ya yi watsi da kariya ta majalisa. Daga nan aka sanya Tortora a tsare a gida har sai Kotun daukaka kara ta wanke shi gaba daya kuma ta sake gyara shi a watan Satumbar 1986. Ya dawo a shekara mai zuwa zuwa ga aikinsa a talabijin zuwa dawowa mai motsawa a cikin shirinsa na Portobello, kawai ya mutu a cikin 1988 daga ciwon daji kuma ya zama gunkin yaƙe-yaƙe da rashin adalci da kuma tunatarwa mai tsanani na jama'a game da tsarin shari'a na Italiya.
1992	Daniele Barillà	Cinikin miyagun ƙwayoyi	Liguria	Shekaru 18	Shekaru	Haka ne,
		Daniele Barillà, wani dan kasuwa da aka gano a matsayin babban shugaban kungiyar miyagun ƙwayoyi a Milan, ya shafe sama da shekaru 7 a kurkuku daga 1992 zuwa 1999, duk da karuwar shaidar rashin laifi da rashin shiga cikin kowane aikin aikata laifuka. An ba shi kyautar € 4,000,000 don ɗaurin kurkuku mara adalci.
Fabrairu 14, 2004	Fabio Carlino	Kisan kai sakamakon aikata wani laifi; samar da kwayoyi ba bisa ka'ida ba	Rimini	Shekaru ; tarar; diyya ta kudi ga dangin wanda aka azabtar		Haka ne,
		An yanke wa Fabio Carlino hukunci da sayar da maganin cocaine mai tsabta wanda ya kashe mai tuka keke Marco Pantani, kuma an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 4 + 1⁄2 a kurkuku. An kuma umarce shi da ya biya tarar £ 19,000, da kuma wani £ 300,000 a cikin lalacewar ga iyalin Pantani. Kotun Kashewa ta Italiya ta soke hukuncin da aka yanke masa a shekarar 2011.
Nuwamba 1, 2007	Amanda Knox da Raffaele Sollecito	Kisan Meredith Kercher	Perugia, Italiya	26 years' imprisonment (Knox); 25 years' imprisonment (Sollecito)	Shekaru 3	Haka ne,
		Kercher da aka haifa a London tana karatu a Italiya lokacin da aka same ta an kashe ta a gidan da ta raba tare da Knox. Knox, wacce ta fito daga Seattle, saurayinta na Italiya, Raffaele Sollecito, da kuma Rudy Guede wanda aka haifa a Ivory Coast an tuhume su da kisan. Shaidar bincike, gami da DNA daga turare a wurin da yatsunsu suka haɗa Guede da wurin, amma shari'o'in da aka yi wa Knox da Sollecito sun kasance masu kawo rigima. Knox da Kercher sun saba da Guede, amma Knox da Sollecito sun yi iƙirarin cewa suna gidan Sollecito a lokacin kisan. Masu gabatar da kara sun yi jayayya cewa an kashe Kercher a matsayin wani ɓangare na wasan jima'i da ya ɓace. A cikin 2015, Kotun Koli ta Kotu ta soke hukuncin da aka yanke a baya, ta kawo karshen shari'ar. Maimakon kawai bayyana cewa akwai kurakurai a cikin shari'o'in kotu da suka gabata ko kuma cewa babu isasshen shaida don yanke hukunci, kotun ta yanke hukuncin cewa Knox da Sollecito ba su aikata kisan ba kuma ba su da laifi daga waɗancan zarge-zargen. A cewar Vedova, shawarar da alƙalai biyar suka yanke kusan ba a taɓa gani ba. Tabbacin Guede har yanzu yana tsaye.
Maris 12 - Afrilu 8, 2014	Daniela Poggiali	Kisan kai*	Lugo, Emilia-Romagna	Rayuwa	Shekaru biyar	Haka ne,
		An yanke wa ma'aikacin asibiti Poggiali hukunci kan kisan wata tsohuwar mai haƙuri, Rosa Calderoni mai shekaru 78. Shari'ar da aka yi mata ta dogara ne akan shaidar kididdiga wacce ake zaton ta danganta Poggiali da mutuwar marasa lafiya da yawa a cikin unguwar, da kuma masu binciken shari'a da ke nuna cewa an kashe Calderoni tare da wuce gona da iri na potassium. Masanin lissafi Richard D. Gill daga baya ya nuna cewa kididdigar ba ta haɗa Poggiali da yawan mutuwar da ake zargi ba, kuma an nuna shaidar da aka yi amfani da ita ba ta da kyau. An wanke Poggiali a kan roko, tare da kotun ta gano cewa Calderoni ya mutu ne daga dalilai na halitta. Bayan da aka wanke ta an tuhumi Poggiali da kisan wani mara lafiya wanda ya mutu wata daya kafin Calderoni, amma a cikin 2023 an sake wanke ta a kan roko.

Japan

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
Disamba 30, 1948	Sakae Menda	Kashewa sau biyu	Japan	Mutuwa	Shekaru 35	Haka ne,
		Sakae Menda an yanke masa hukunci saboda kisan kai sau biyu a shekarar 1948, bayan 'yan sanda sun yi ikirari ta hanyar hana shi abinci, ruwa, da barci, da kuma sanya shi cikin cin zarafin jiki. An yanke masa hukuncin kisa, kuma ya shafe shekaru 35 a kan layin mutuwa kafin a wanke shi a 1983, bayan ƙarin shaidu da ke tabbatar da hujjojinsa sun bayyana.
Agusta 17, 1949	Wadanda ake tuhuma ashirin	Matsukawa ya lalace	Gundumar Fukushima	Bambance-bambance	Bambance-bambance	Haka ne,
		Mutane uku sun mutu lokacin da motar Tōhoku Main Line ta fadi a kan hanyar zuwa Tashar Ueno a watan Agustan 1949. An yanke hukuncin cewa lamarin ya kasance sabotage kuma an fara yanke wa masu tuhuma ashirin hukunci a shekarar 1950. An wanke uku daga cikin wadanda aka yanke musu hukunci a kan roko bayan shekaru biyar. Sauran goma sha bakwai an sake yin shari'a a shekara ta 1959; an gano cewa masu gabatar da kara sun hana shaidu, gami da alibis ga wasu daga cikin wadanda ake tuhuma da gwajin shari'a wanda ya nuna cewa ba za a iya amfani da kayan aikin da ke da alaƙa da wadanda ake tuhumar a cikin sabotage ba. Dukkanin wadanda ake tuhuma ba su da laifi a lokacin da aka sake shari'arsu a shekarar 1961.
Yuni 30, 1966	Iwao Hakamada	Kashewa sau huɗu	Gundumar Shizuoka	Mutuwa	Shekaru 56	Haka ne,
		Iwao Hakamada, wanda ya fi dadewa a duniya a gidan yari, an yanke masa hukunci kan kisan kai sau hudu inda aka kashe daya daga cikin shugabanninsa tare da matarsa da 'ya'yansa kuma an ƙone gidan su yayin fashi. Hakamada ya furta laifin bayan 'yan sanda suka doke shi kuma suka hana shi abinci da ruwa. An kuma sami tufafi biyar da aka rufe da jinin wanda aka azabtar a cikin tankin miso a masana'antar da Hakamada ke aiki. Hakamada an sake yin shari'a a shekarar 2014 bayan gwajin DNA a kan tufafin ya nuna cewa DNA na mai aikata laifin ba nasa ba ne; duk da haka, ba a same shi ba har zuwa 2024, shekaru 56 bayan da aka yanke masa hukunci ba.
1997	Govinda Prasad Mainali	Kisan mace	Tokyo, Japan	Rayuwa	Shekaru 15	Haka ne,
		A shekara ta 1997 an kashe wata ma'aikaciyar mace ta Japan ta Tokyo Electric Power Co. a gidanta a Tokyo. Maimali, ma'aikacin ƙaura na Nepalese, ya san matar kuma yana zaune a kusa. 'Yan sanda sun kama Maimali wanda jami'ai suka yi masa fyade (an buge shi, an kori shi, an buga shi a bangon) kuma ba a ba shi izinin lauya ba. An same shi da laifin kisan kai kuma an yanke masa hukuncin rai da rai. Ya daukaka kara a kan hukuncin da aka yanke masa a kan dalilin cewa shaidar DNA a wurin (semen, gashin jiki, a ƙarƙashin yatsun mace da ta mutu) ba nasa ba ne kuma an wanke shi a shekarar 2012.
1990	Toshikazu Sugaya	Yarinya mai shekaru huɗu da aka sace kuma aka kashe (Kisan Ashikaga, wani ɓangare na Arewacin Kanto Serial Young Girl Kidnapping and Murder Case)	Yankin Kanto, Japan	Rayuwa	Shekaru 17	Haka ne,
		An sami Sugaya da laifi bisa ga gwajin DNA mara kyau da kuma ikirarin da ya yi ikirarin cewa mai bincike ne ya buge shi daga gare shi wanda ke kula da shari'ar Fumio Hashimoto. Binciken da mai ba da rahoto Kiyoshi Shimizu ya yi a cikin Kisan Yarinya ta Arewacin Kanto ya haifar da shari'ar Ashikaga ta kasance wani ɓangare na ta, tare da Sugaya ba shi da laifi. Daga baya an gano cewa masu gabatar da kara sun kuma hana shaidu game da mai laifin gaskiya, gami da asusun shaidu, saboda ba su dace da abubuwan da suka faru da Sugaya a matsayin mai laifin ba.

Malaysia

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
Agusta 1, 1980	Karthigesu Sivapakiam	Kisan Jean Perera Sinnappa	Subang, Selangor	Mutuwa	Watanni 9	Haka ne,
		An sami Karthigesu da laifin kisan Jean Perera Sinnappa, tsohuwar sarauniya mai kyau kuma malami wacce aka samu da raunuka masu yawa. An yanke masa hukuncin kisa ta hanyar ratayewa. A watan Mayu na sheƙarya ta 1981, wani babban mai gabatar da kara ya yi ikirarin karya game da barazanar Karthigesu na kashe Jean Perera. An wanke Karthigesu bayan Kotun Tarayya ta Malaysia ta ba da izinin daukaka kara, kuma daga baya aka daure shaidar saboda rantsuwa.
Agusta 30, 2010	R. Mathan	Kisan kai	Tanjung Sepat, Selangor	Mutuwa	Shekaru huɗu	Haka ne,
		Mathan ma'aikaci ne wanda lauya mai arziki N. Pathmanabhan ya yi aiki a gonarsa a Tanjung Sepat . A ranar 30 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2010, mashahurin kayan kwalliya Sosilawati Lawiya da sahabbansa uku sun ɓace bayan sun tafi don saduwa da Pathmanabhan game da yarjejeniyar ƙasa. Daga baya ya bayyana cewa an kashe su kuma an ƙone jikinsu a gonar Pathmanabhan. Pathmanabhan da ma'aikatansa uku, ciki har da Mathan, an same su da laifin kisan kai. Shekaru hudu bayan haka Kotun Tarayya ta wanke Mathan, ta yanke hukuncin cewa babu wata shaidar da ta haɗa shi da kisan, amma ta tabbatar da hukuncin sauran wadanda ake tuhuma uku.

Mexico

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
Maris 2006	Jacinta Francisco Marcial	Garkuwa da mutane da kuma fansar jami'an bincike na tarayya	Santiago Mexquititlán, Querétaro	Shekaru 21 a kurkuku	Shekaru 3
		A watan Maris na shekara ta 2006, jami'ai shida na Hukumar Bincike ta Tarayya Mexico (AFI) sun mamaye kasuwa a Santiago Mexquititlán, Querétaro, don neman kwafin ayyukan haƙƙin mallaka. A lokacin harin, wasu masu siyarwa marasa makami sun kori jami'an AFI guda shida don nuna rashin amincewa. Jami'an daga baya sun yi iƙirarin cewa masu siyarwa sun nemi fansa don su tafi. Shaidu na cikin gida game da lamarin sun musanta duk wani bukatar fansa da aka yi. Jacinta Francisco Marcial, wata mace 'yar asalin Otomí, ta sayar da ice cream a cikin Tianguis na Santiago Mexquititlán. Jami'an AFI guda shida da suka gudanar da harin sun nuna Francisco Marcial bayan an nuna musu hoto na jarida wanda ke nuna ta tana tafiya kusa da ƙungiyar masu sayarwa masu zanga-zanga. A watan Agustan shekara ta 2006, watanni hudu bayan harin, an kama ta saboda zargin satar mutane. Daga baya aka same ta kuma aka yanke mata hukuncin shekaru 21 a kurkuku. An kuma yanke wa wasu mata biyu hukunci. Amnesty International ta yi tir da ɗaurin Francisco Marcial sakamakon gurfanar da shi ba daidai ba. Kungiyar ta ayyana ta a matsayin fursuna na lamiri, tana mai da'awar cewa babu wata hujja mai inganci a kanta, kuma an gurfanar da ita saboda jinsi, talauci, launin fata, da rashin iya magana ko fahimtar harshen Mutanen Espanya. A shekara ta 2009, masu gabatar da kara sun watsar da karar da aka yi wa Francisco Marcial kuma an sake ta. Sauran mata biyu da aka yanke musu hukunci, Alberta Alcántara da Teresa González, Kotun Koli ta Mexico ta sauya hukuncin su a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2010 kuma an sake su daga kurkuku.

Netherlands

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
1986	Ina Post	Kisan kai da fashi	Netherlands	Rayuwa	Shekaru 4	Haka ne,
		Post ta kasance mai kula da wata mace mai shekaru 89 da aka maƙure kuma aka sace ta. Ta "yi kama da tsoro" lokacin da aka tambaye ta kuma a karkashin tambayoyin 'yan sanda da karfi ta furta ko da yake daga baya ta janye. Ba a tabbatar da hujja ta Post ba, an yi watsi da wani irin wannan laifi da Post ba zai iya yi ba kuma babu wata hujja da ta tabbatar da hakan. An sake ta daga kurkuku a shekarar 1990. Kotun daukaka kara ta Dutch ta wanke Post a cikin 2010 kuma mai gabatar da kara na Dutch ya yarda cewa ba daidai ba ne.
1994	Wilco Viets, Herman Dubois	Kisan kai	Sanyawa	Shekaru 10	Shekaru 6	Haka ne,
		Shari'ar kisan gilla ta Putten (1994): a wannan yanayin, an sami mai kula da jirgin sama mai shekaru 23 Christel Ambrosius an kashe shi a gidan kakarta, wanda ke nesa da Veluwe. 'Yan sanda sun kama maza hudu da suka kasance a cikin dazuzzuka a wannan karshen mako. Ko da yake maniyyi da aka gano bai dace da DNA na kowane mutum huɗu ba, Wilco Viets da Herman Dubois an yanke musu hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru 10 ko ta yaya, wanda kawai suka yi kashi biyu bisa uku don hali mai kyau. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2002, Babban majalisa na Holland (Kotu mafi girma) ya bayyana maza biyu marasa laifi, jim kadan bayan sun kammala hukuncin su. An kama wani wanda ake zargi a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2008, bisa ga wasan DNA.
22 Yuni 2000	Cees Borsboom	Cin zarafin yara da kisan kai, wani yunkurin kisan kai	Schiedam	Shekaru 18, maganin ƙwaƙwalwa	Shekaru 4	A wani bangare
		A shekara ta 2000 an kashe Nienke Kleiss a wurin shakatawa na Beatrix daga Schiedam . Wanda ake zargi ya kira 'yan sanda don neman gawar. An yi amfani da wani mai shaida mara shekaru yayin tambayoyin 'yan sanda don samar da shaidar da za ta iya zargi. Wanda ake zargi ya yi ikirarin aikata laifin, amma ya musanta irin wannan ikirarin. An yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru 18 a shekara ta 2002 da kuma tilastawa. A shekara ta 2004 ya zama bayyananne cewa Wik H. shine ainihin mai laifi. Shaidar DNA ta kuma wanke Borsboom. An katse lokacin da yake kurkuku kuma a ƙarshe an sake farfado da shi, kodayake ba a bayyana shi marar laifi ba. A sakamakon abin kunya, an kirkiro Hukumar Posthumus don sake duba yiwuwar hukunce-hukuncen da ba daidai ba.
2001	Lucia de Berk	Kisan kai 7*	Hague	rayuwa	Shekaru	Haka ne,
		Lucia de Berk: an yanke mata hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai a shekara ta 2003 saboda kisan kai hudu da yunkurin kisan kai uku na marasa lafiya a cikin kulawarta. Bayan daukaka kara, an same ta a shekara ta 2004 na kisan kai bakwai da yunkurin uku. A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2008, babbar kotun Holland ta sake buɗe karar, yayin da aka gano sabbin hujjoji da suka lalata hukuncin da ya gabata. An saki De Berk, kuma an sake gwada shari'arta; an cire ta a watan Afrilun 2010.

New Zealand

A cikin 2010s, sha'awar jama'a wajen magance yiwuwar hukunce-hukuncen da ba daidai ba a matsayin batun tsarin ya haifar da kafa Hukumar Binciken Laifuka a cikin 2019 . A cikin shekaru goma tun 2013, an bayyana cewa kusan 'yan New Zealand 900 sun karkatar da hukuncin su. Wadannan shari'o'i ne kawai inda Gwamnati ta biya diyya don hukunci mara kyau, ban da Peter Ellis wanda ya mutu kafin Kotun Koli a New Zealand ta soke hukuncinsa, da Rex Haig wanda ya mutu yayin da yake kira ga diyya. Musamman, a New Zealand, babu wani hakki na diyya don yanke hukunci mara kyau ko ɗaurin kurkuku na ƙarya.

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
Yuni 17, 1970 (kimanin)	Arthur Allan Thomas	Kisan Harvey da Jeanette Crewe	Pukekawa, Waikato	Kurkuku na Rayuwa	Shekaru 9	Haka ne - biyan diyya
		Arthur Allan Thomas, manomi na New Zealand, an yanke masa hukunci sau biyu game da kisan gillar da aka yi wa Harvey da Jeanette Crewe a watan Yunin 1970. Ya shafe shekaru 9 a kurkuku amma an ba shi Royal Pardon kuma an sake shi kuma an ba shi $ 950,000 a matsayin diyya don yanke hukunci mara kyau. Hukumar Royal a cikin 1980 ta gano cewa shari'ar da ake tuhuma ba ta da kyau kuma bayan da ta harbe bindigar Thomas, 'yan sanda sun dasa shari'ar katako a lambun Crewes don tuhumar shi, kuma sun yi watsi da shaidar da ta nuna wani wanda ake zargi. Har ila yau, masu gabatar da kara sun musanta hujja da bayanan shaidu ga ƙungiyar karewa.
Mayu 1, 1986 zuwa Oktoba 1, 1992	Peter Ellis	Cin zarafin yara a Christchurch Civic Creche *	Christchurch	Shekaru 10 da aka ɗaure shi	Shekaru 7	Haka ne,
		An yanke wa Peter Ellis hukunci a shekara ta 1993 a kan laifuka 16 na cin zarafin jima'i da ya shafi yara a cikin kulawarsa a Christchurch Civic Creche a lokacin da ake kula da jima'i. Bayan daukaka kara da ba a yi nasara ba kuma ya yi shekaru bakwai na hukuncinsa na shekaru goma, an saki Ellis a watan Fabrairun 2000, yana ci gaba da kasancewa marar laifi. A cikin 2019, ya yi kira ga Kotun Koli da a soke hukuncinsa. Kodayake ya mutu daga ciwon daji kafin a saurari karar, Kotun Koli ta ba da izinin karar don amfanin adalci kuma ta yanke hukunci a watan Oktoba 2022. Kotun ta soke hukuncin Ellis. Ya gano cewa akwai matsaloli tare da shaidar babban mai gabatar da kara, likitan kwakwalwa, kuma ba a sanar da juriya game da haɗarin gurɓata shaidar yara ba.
August 16, 1986	Alan Hall	Kisan Arthur Easton	Papakura, Auckland	Kurkuku na Rayuwa	Shekaru 19	Haka ne, ya biya dala miliyan 4.93 a matsayin diyya
		Arthur Easton da 'ya'yansa maza biyu sun kai hari a gidansu ta hanyar mai shigowa dauke da bindiga. An yi wa Easton wuka kuma an zubar da jini har ya mutu. 'Yan sanda sun haye Alan Hall lokacin da aka buga kofa a unguwar watanni biyu bayan haka. Ya yarda da cewa yana da bayonet da beanie mai kama da abubuwan da aka bari a wurin aikata laifuka. Hall yana da autistic kuma yana ƙarƙashin tambayoyin 'yan sanda ba tare da lauya ba har tsawon sa'o'i. Lokacin da shari'ar ta zo shari'a, 'yan sanda sun ɓoye muhimmiyar shaida daga masu karewa kuma sun karkatar da wata sanarwa da wani muhimmin shaida ya rubuta. An saki Hall a kan beli bayan shekaru tara amma ya dawo bayan shekaru 16 bayan ya karya yanayin da aka yi masa. Ya yi aiki na wasu shekaru goma. Gabaɗaya ya ɗauki shekaru 36 don a soke hukuncinsa.
Agusta 1989	Stephen Stone, Gail Maney, Colin Maney, Mark Henriksen	Kisan kiyashi na Larnoch Road	Auckland	Bambance-bambance	Bambance-bambance	Haka ne,
		Deane Fuller-Sandys ya ɓace bayan ya bar gida don ya je kamun kifi a watan Agustan 1989. Ba a taɓa samun jikinsa ba, amma daga baya aka ayyana ya mutu. Kwanaki biyar bayan haka, Leah Stephens ta ɓace daga wannan yankin; an gano jikinta bayan shekaru uku. Masu gabatar da kara sun yi zargin cewa Stephen Stone, memba na ƙungiyar, ma'aikacin jima'i Gail Maney ya biya shi don kashe Fuller-Sandys kan wata takaddama da ta shafi miyagun ƙwayoyi, kuma Stone ta yi wa Stephens fyade kuma ta kashe ta bayan ta gano cewa tana shirin yin sanarwa ga 'yan sanda game da kisan Fuller-sandys. An yanke wa Maney hukunci da makircin kashe Fuller-Sandys, yayin da aka yanke wa Stone hukunci da kisan Fuller-sandys da Stephens; wasu maza biyu, ciki har da ɗan'uwan Maney Colin, an yanke musu hukunci da zubar da jikin Fuller-Mandys. An bincika shari'ar ne bayan da shaidu biyu daga cikin huɗu da ake zargi da aikata laifuka suka karyata shaidansu, suna mai cewa 'yan sanda sun matsa musu su yi ƙarya. Sauran biyu maza ne da suka yarda da shiga cikin fyade na Leah Stephens kuma an ba su kariya don dawo da shaidansu. Dukansu biyu sun ba da labarai daban-daban game da abin da ya faru kuma daga baya an tabbatar da cewa 'yan sanda sun ba su bayanai don samun labarun su dace. Bayan daukaka kara da yawa, an soke hukuncin da aka yanke wa dukkan wadanda ake tuhuma hudu a shekarar 2024; a lokacin wannan roko, lauyoyi na kambin sun yarda cewa shari'ar ta kasance rashin adalci saboda muhimmiyar shaidar da aka hana daga masu kare. Kotun ta wanke Gail Maney, Colin Maney, da Mark Henriksen, kuma ta ba da umarnin sake shari'ar Stephen Stone. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2025 masu gabatar da kara sun zaɓi kada su ci gaba da shari'ar da aka yi wa Stone kuma an wanke shi daga dukkan tuhume-tuhumen.
March 23, 1992	Teina Pora	Rashin fyade da kisan Susan Burdett	Papatoetoe, Auckland	Kurkuku na rai da shekaru 10 ba tare da izini ba	Shekaru 21	Haka ne, an biya dala miliyan 3.51 a matsayin diyya
		An yi wa Burdett fyade kuma an kashe ta a gidanta. Pora, wanda aka haife shi da rikicewar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, an kama shi a kan wasu tuhume-tuhume game da shekara guda bayan haka kuma a lokacin hira an gaya masa cewa akwai lada na $ 20,000 don bayani. Pora ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya yi aiki a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga mai laifi. Daga baya, ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya kasance a gidan Burdett. Ba a gabatar da wata hujja kai tsaye da ta nuna shi a shari'a ba amma an same shi a shekarar 1994. Daga baya, an yanke wa Malcolm Rewa hukunci a kan shaidar DNA don jerin laifukan jima'i, kuma DNA dinsa ya dace da wanda aka samu a wurin Burdett. An soke hukuncin Pora a watan Maris na shekara ta 2015. An ba shi diyya na dala miliyan 2.52, daga baya an daidaita shi zuwa dala miliyan 3.51.
October 1992	David Dougherty	Satar da kuma fyade yarinya mai shekaru 11	Auckland	Shekaru 7 da watanni 9 a kurkuku	Shekaru 3	Haka ne - biyan diyya
		An yanke wa David Dougherty hukunci a 1993 kan zargin satar da kuma fyade yarinya mai shekaru 11. Bayan ya yi shekaru uku a kurkuku, an wanke shi a shekarar 1997 bayan sabon Shaidar DNA ta fitar da shi. Gwamnatin New Zealand ta biya diyya sama da $ 800,000 da kuma neman gafara da aka ba da shi saboda rashin amincewa. Mai laifin gaske, Nicholas Reekie, daga baya aka yanke masa hukunci game da laifin.
Fabrairu 13, 1994	Rex Haig	Kisan kai	Jackson's Bay, Tsibirin Kudu	Kurkuku na Rayuwa	Shekaru 11	Haka ne, a'a biyan diyya
		Mark Roderique ya ɓace yayin da yake tafiya tare da Rex Haig, David Hogan, da Tony Sewell a cikin jirgin kamun kifi na Haig, Antares, bayan ya shiga cikin fada da Haig da Hogan. Hogan da Sewell sun shaida cewa Haig ya kashe Roderique kuma ya nutse jikinsa a cikin Jackson's Bay. An soke hukuncin Haig a shekara ta 2006 bayan an gano cewa Hogan ya furta laifin. An hana Haig diyya saboda ɗaurin da aka yi masa a kurkuku bisa la'akari da cewa bai tabbatar da cewa ba shi da laifi, kuma ya mutu a shekarar 2017 yayin da yake neman soke shawarar.
June 20, 1994	David Bain	Kisan iyayensa da 'yan uwansa uku	Dunedin	Kurkuku na rai da shekaru 16 ba tare da izini ba	Shekaru 13+1⁄2	An soke hukunci, an biya $ 925,000 amma Gwamnati ta yi iƙirarin cewa ba diyya ba ce
		An yanke wa David Bain hukunci a shekarar 1995 na kisan gillar da aka yi wa dukkan danginsa biyar a shekarar da ta gabata. Masu kare sun gabatar da gardamar cewa mahaifin David, Robin Bain, ya kashe sauran danginsa sannan kuma kansa yayin da David ya fita a kan takardar safiya. David ya shafe shekaru 13 a kurkuku yana shelar rashin laifi kuma tsohon All Black Joe Karam ya goyi bayansa wajen neman adalci. An soke hukuncin Bain a cikin 2007 ta Majalisar Privy, wanda ya gano cewa an yi mummunar rashin adalci. An sake masa shari'a a shekara ta 2009 kuma an wanke shi a kan dukkan tuhume-tuhumen.
Agusta 12, 1999	Lucy Akatere, Tania Vini & McCushla Fuataha	Fashi mai tsanani na yarinya mai shekaru 16	Sarakuna Uku, Auckland	Watanni 18, watanni 18, da watanni 24 a kurkuku (bisa ga haka)	Watanni 7	Haka ne - biyan diyya
		Akatere, Vini da Fuataha an yanke musu hukunci a 1999 game da harin da aka kai wa wata yarinya mai shekaru 16. Kotun daukaka kara ta soke hukuncin bayan manyan shaidu biyu sun janye shaidansu. Akatere, Vini da Fuataha sun sami tsakanin $ 162,000 da $ 177,000 kowannensu a matsayin diyya.
September 1, 2003	Haruna Manomi	Rashin fyade ga wata mace mai shekaru 22	Sydenham, Christchurch	Shekaru 8 da aka ɗaure shi	Shekaru 2	Haka ne - biyan diyya
		An yanke wa Aaron Farmer hukunci a shekara ta 2005 kan zargin fyade wata mace mai shekaru 22. Kotun daukaka kara ta ware hukuncin kuma ta ba da umarnin sake shari'a a watan Yunin 2007 bayan an tabbatar da cewa ba a gabatar da shaidar hujja ga juri ba. Kafin sake shari'ar ta faru, shaidar DNA ta kawar da Manomi kuma Crown ta janye karar. Manomi ya sami diyya na $ 351,500 da kuma neman gafara ga jama'a daga gwamnati saboda hukuncin da ba daidai ba.
Nuwamba 12, 2003	Phillip Johnston da Jaden Knight	Kashewa	Foxton, Manawatū-Whanganui	Shekaru 6 da aka ɗaure shi	watanni	Haka ne - biyan diyya
		An yanke wa Johnston da Knight hukunci kan konewa a watan Satumbar 2004 dangane da gobara a Otal din Manawatu. Kotun daukaka kara ta ware hukuncin kuma ta ba da umarnin sake shari'a a watan Yunin 2005 bayan an yanke shawarar cewa alƙalin shari'ar ya ba da isasshen jagora ga juri. An sami Mista Johnston ba shi da laifi a sake shari'a, yayin da aka sallami shari'ar da aka yi wa Mista Knight bayan sabon shaidar ya fito. Johnston da Knight sun sami diyya na $ 146,000 da $ 220,000, bi da bi, da kuma neman gafara ga jama'a daga gwamnati saboda hukuncin da ba daidai ba.
Mayu 2011	David Lyttle	Kisan kai	Whanganui, Tsibirin Arewa	Kurkuku na Rayuwa	Shekaru 2	Haka ne,
		Lyttle shine babban wanda ake zargi da kisan abokinsa Brett Hall, wanda ya ɓace a watan Mayu 2011. Da yake ba zai iya tabbatar da laifinsa ba, 'yan sanda sun kama shi ta hanyar amfani da abin da ake kira Mr. Big aiki inda jami'an ɓoye suka shawo kansa ya shiga ƙungiyar masu aikata laifuka ta fiction sannan suka ja hankalin shi ya furta kisan Hall tare da tayin zama memba na cikakken lokaci. CCTV, maganganun shaidu, da bayanan wayar hannu sun saba wa ikirarin Lyttle, an ce bangarori da yawa ba za su yiwu ba, kuma ba a sami gawar Hall a wurin da Lyttle ya yarda ya binne su ba. Lyttle ya yi shekaru biyu a kurkuku bayan da aka yanke masa hukunci a shekarar 2019 kafin a soke hukuncin da aka yi masa a shekarar 2021. An gano cewa 'yan sanda sun yi watsi da shaidar cewa masu sayar da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne suka kashe Hall, kuma an yi ikirarin Lyttle ne a karkashin tilastawa.

Norway

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
Satumba, 1976 - Oktoba 4, 1977	Fritz Moen	Rashin fyade da kisan mata biyu, Torunn Finstad da Sigrid Heggheim	Trondheim	Shekaru 21 a kurkuku (an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 25 a ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1978, amma a kan roko, an sauya hukuncin zuwa shekaru 16).	Shekaru 19	Haka ne (An wanke shi bayan mutuwarsa a ranar 24 ga watan Agusta, 2006, saboda fyade da kisan Torunn Finstad)
		Fritz Moen, wanda aka yanke masa hukunci ba bisa ka'ida ba saboda kisan kai na mata biyu masu shekaru 20 a 1976 da 1977. An wanke shi da kisan kai daya a shekara ta 2004. Bayan mutuwarsa a watan Maris na shekara ta 2005, an wanke shi daga kisan kai na biyu, bisa ga sake binciken shari'ar da Hukumar Binciken Laifuka ta Norway ta yi. Shari'ar da aka yi wa Fritz Moen ta tsaya a matsayin shari'ar da ta sani kawai a Turai na zubar da ciki biyu, inda hukumomin shari'a na kasar suka yanke wa mutumin da ba daidai ba hukunci a cikin kisan kai guda biyu.
Disamba 24, 1969	Kamar yadda Kristian Liland ya rubuta	Kisan John Oval Larsen da Håkon Edvard Johansen	Fredrikstad	Shekaru 13. An tsawaita hukuncinsa da shekaru 10 saboda an dauke shi da haɗari ga al'umma	Shekaru 23	Haka ne,
		Per Kristian Liland, wanda aka yanke masa hukuncin kisa da laifin kashe abokansa biyu a shekarar 1969. An wanke shi a shekarar 1994. An san shari'arsa da sunan The Liland Affair . Liland ta sami kroner miliyan 13.7 na Norwegian (kimanin dala miliyan 1.7) a matsayin diyya ga hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku mara kyau.
Mayu 19, 2000	Viggo Kristiansen	Cike da kisan Lena Sløgedal Paulsen mai shekaru 10 da Stine Sofie Austegard Sørstrønen mai shekaru 8	Kristiansand	Shekaru 21 "forvaring" (kusan magana: hukuncin rai da rai tare da yiwuwar sallama bayan shekaru 21)	Shekaru 21	Haka ne, ranar 15 ga Disamba, 2022
		Viggo Kristiansen, wanda aka yanke masa hukunci ba bisa ka'ida ba saboda ya yi wa Jan Helge Andersen fyade kuma ya kashe 'yan mata biyu, masu shekaru 8 da 10.
Mayu 6, 1995	Dan uwan Birgitte Tengs (sunan da ba a buga ba saboda bai kai shekaru ba a lokacin kisan)	Kisan dan uwansa Birgitte Tengs	Kopervik	Shekaru 14 da kuma biyan NOK 100,000 ga iyayen Birgitte Tengs	Kwanaki 495	An same shi ba shi da laifi a lokacin da aka daukaka kara a watan Yunin, 1998, amma har yanzu an yanke masa hukuncin biyan NOK 100,000 a matsayin mai yiwuwa (amma ba bayan shakka ba) mai kisan kai. A watan Fabrairun 2023 an sami Johny Vassbakk da laifin kisan, kuma a watan Disamba na wannan shekarar, ba shi da laifi a kan roko.
		Dan uwan Birgitte Tengs, wanda aka yanke masa hukunci ba bisa ka'ida ba saboda kashe ta.

Poland

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
31 ga Disamba, 1996	Tomasz Komenda	Rashin fyade da kisan Małgorzata Kwiatkowska mai shekaru 15	Miłoszyce, Poland	Shekaru 25	Shekaru 18	Haka ne (Mayu 16, 2018)

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
6 ga Yuli, 1977	Gheorghe Samoilescu	Rashin fyade, kisan kai, lalatawa da fashi na Anca Broscățeanu mai shekaru 18.	Bucharest	Shekaru 25	Shekaru 4	Haka ne (1984)
		A ranar 6 ga watan Yulin 1977, dalibi mai shekaru 18 Anca Broscățeanu ta ɓace bayan ta fita don bincika jerin sunayen rarraba ga 'yan takara a jarrabawa a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Tattalin Arziki ta Bucharest, kawai don a sami sassan jikinta a warwatse a fadin Bucharest bayan kwana biyu kawai. Kungiyar binciken, wacce 'Yan sanda da Tsaron Jiha suka hada, sun kama Samoilescu bayan an sami lambar sa a cikin littafin wanda aka azabtar. Da farko ya yi ikirarin cewa ba shi da laifi amma bayan watanni 6 na azabtarwa ya yi ikirari da laifin kisan ta, kuma a watan Fabrairun 1979 an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 25 a kurkuku. An gano ainihin mai kisan ne kawai a watan Nuwamba 1980 kuma an kashe shi a 1981. Samoilescu ya mutu a shekara ta 2005 daga ciwon daji na huhu.
Yuni 16, 1992	Marcel Țundrea	Kisan kai da fyade na Mioara Gherasie mai shekaru 13	Pojogeni da Gorj	Shekaru 25	Shekaru 12	Haka ne (2009)
		A ranar 18 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1992, an gano gawar Mioara Gherasie a ƙauyen Pojogeni, inda take zaune. Daga nan sai 'yan sanda suka zargi Marcel Țundrea, tsohon ma'aikacin jirgin kasa wanda ke zaune a Târgu Jiu. Shaidar da aka kawo masa ita ce alamomi a jikinsa, gaskiyar cewa ya raba wannan rukuni na jini tare da wanda aka azabtar, mujallu na batsa da aka samu a gidansa, shaidar ƙarya daga dangi na wanda aka azabta, da kuma shaidar da aka hana shi inda aka gan shi yana barin baya ta jirgin kasa daga Pojogeni zuwa Târgu Jiu. Țundrea ya ci gaba da cewa ba shi da laifi har sai ya mutu a shekara ta 2007; an sake shi a shekara ta 2004 biyo bayan shaidar da ta nuna cewa shi ba mai kisan ba ne. An wanke Țundrea bayan mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2009. George Avram, wani mutumin da aka riga aka daure shi saboda kisan wani a shekarar 1995 an zarge shi da kisan Mioara Gherasie kuma an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 25 a kurkuku.

Rasha

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
2012–2015	Ildar Dadin	Laifukan zaman lafiya na jama'a*	Moscow	Shekaru 3	Watanni 15	Haka ne,
		Dadin shine mutum na farko da aka gurfanar da shi a karkashin Mataki na 212.1 na Dokar Laifuka wanda ya ayyana shi laifi ne a ɗaure shi akai-akai a cikin zanga-zangar adawa da gwamnati, bayan ya yi zanga-zangiji cikin lumana game da keta haƙƙin ɗan adam na gwamnati a lokuta biyar tun 2015. Masu fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam sun dauke shi fursuna na siyasa. A lokacin da yake kurkuku, masu gadi na kurkuku sun azabtar da Dadin kuma sun yi masa barazanar cin zarafin jima'i. Kotuna da yawa sun yanke hukuncin cewa an yi amfani da Mataki na 212.1 ba daidai ba a cikin shari'ar Dadin kuma ya kamata a yi amfani da shi kawai don yin amfani da zanga-zangar haɗari ko tashin hankali.

Singapore

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
6 ga Mayu 2005	Ismil bin Kadar	Kisan Tham Weng Kuen	Boon Lay	Mutuwa	Shekaru Biyu	Haka ne,
		Tham Weng Kuen mai shekaru 69 an yi mata wuka har ya mutu yayin wani hari a gidanta. Shaidar DNA ta danganta Muhammad bin Kadar da laifin; a lokacin da aka yi masa tambayoyi, ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya aikata laifin tare da babban ɗan'uwansa Ismil. A lokacin shari'ar 'yan uwan, Muhammad ya karkatar da maganarsa, wanda shine kawai shaidar da ke adawa da Ismil, kuma mijin Tham ya ba da shaida cewa Muhammadu ya shiga cikin ɗakin shi kaɗai. An yanke wa 'yan uwan biyu hukuncin kisa; duk da haka, shekaru biyu bayan haka Kotun daukaka kara ta Singapore ta wanke Ismil, ta gano cewa shaidar ta tabbatar da cewa Muhammad ya yi aiki shi kaɗai. Kotun ta amince da hukuncin Muhammad kuma an rataye shi a shekarar 2015.

Afirka ta Kudu

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
2002	Thembekile Molaudzi	Fashi da kisan kai	Pretoria, Afirka ta Kudu	Rayuwa a kan lambobi huɗu	Shekaru 11	Haka ne,
		A shekara ta 2002, an kashe Dingaan Makuna, wani dan sanda, a lokacin da aka yi fashi. 'Yan sanda sun kama mutane da yawa, ciki har da Molaudzi, direban taksi na Pretoria. Ɗaya daga cikin wadanda ake tuhuma, (wanda aka bayyana daga baya a kotu a matsayin "maƙaryaci mara hankali") ya ce Molaudzi yana ɗaya daga cikin masu aikata laifin kodayake daga baya ya janye wannan ikirarin. Duk da cewa babu wata shaida da ta danganta shi da laifin da kuma gaskiyar cewa 'yar Makuna wacce ta ga laifin ba ta bayyana Moladuzi ba, an same shi kuma an yanke masa hukuncin rai da rai a kurkuku. Moladuzi ya shafe lokacinsa a kurkuku yana ƙoƙarin tabbatar da rashin laifi (yawancin kotun da takardun 'yan sanda sun ɓace ta hanyar ban mamaki), masu kula da shi sun yi masa cin zarafi kuma ya shafe shekaru hudu a cikin kurkuku. A cikin 2013 Kotun Tsarin Mulki ta soke hukuncin da aka yanke masa.
2011	Nolubabalo Nomsuka	Kisan kai*	Lamontville	Shekaru 20	Shekaru biyar da watanni shida	Haka ne,
		An yanke wa Nolubabalo Nomsuka hukunci ba bisa ka'ida ba game da kisan da aka haifa a shekara ta 2011. Mai shari'a da ke jagorantar shari'arta ya yi watsi da shaidar kimiyya wacce ta nuna ɗanta ya mutu ta hanyar halitta kuma ya dogara da shaidar shaidu waɗanda suka zo ne kawai lokacin da yaron ya riga ya mutu. Nomsuka ya kuma yi iƙirarin cewa 'yan sanda sun azabtar da shi bayan ya ki yin ikirari. Babban Kotun Afirka ta Kudu ta wanke ta a shekarar 2017.

Koriya ta Kudu

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
1972	Jeong Won-seop	Rashin fyade da kisan kai	Chuncheon	Kurkuku na Rayuwa	Shekaru 15	Haka ne,
		A shekara ta 1972, an yi wa wata yarinya 'yar shekara tara da ta kasance 'yar wani shugaban 'yan sanda fyade kuma an kashe ta bayan ta bar gidanta don ziyartar kantin sayar da littattafai masu ban dariya. An kama Jeong Won-seop, mai mallakar kantin sayar da littattafai masu ban dariya da ta yi niyyar ziyarta, saboda fyade da kisan kai. An yanke masa hukunci bisa ga ikirarin da aka samu daga baya cewa an cire shi ta hanyar azabtarwa kuma Kotun Gundumar Chuncheon ta yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai, kuma an sake shi a kan parole a 1987 bayan ya yi shekaru 15. Kotun Gundumar Chuncheon ta sake ba shi shari'a kuma ta wanke shi a shekara ta 2008.

Spain

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
Nuwamba 16, 1491	Alonso, Lope, García, Juan da Yosef Franco; Benito García, Moshe Abenamías	Kisan Ɗan Mai Tsarki na La Guardia*	La Guardia, Toledo	Mutuwa	Mai canzawa	A'a
		Inquisition na Mutanen Espanya sun kama conversos shida da Yahudawa biyu kuma sun furta a karkashin azabtarwa cewa sun kashe wani yaro Kirista a La Guardia a matsayin wani ɓangare na al'adar sihiri; akalla biyar an ƙone su a wani auto de fe a Avila. Saboda rikice-rikice na yau da kullun da rashin daidaito na shari'a, gaskiyar cewa ba a taɓa samun sunan yaron ba, ba a sami gawar ba, ba tare da rahoton bacewar yaro ko kisan kai a La Guardia a wannan lokacin ba, kuma a bayyane kamanceceniya da sauran laifukan jini na Turai da tatsuniyoyin adawa da Yahudawa ba, masana tarihi sun yarda cewa babu laifi ko yaro a zahiri. An yi imanin cewa wannan tsari yaudara ce don tayar da fitar da dukkan Yahudawa daga Spain, wanda An ba da umarni watanni hudu bayan haka.
Mayu 25, 1918	Gregorio Valero, León Sánchez	Kisan José María Grimaldos* (a.k.a. "Crin na Cuenca") *	Osa de la Vega, CuencaRuwa	Shekaru 18 a kurkuku (kowane)	Shekaru 12 da watanni 2	Haka ne,
		Grimaldos, makiyayi, ya ɓace bayan sayar da Duba a 1910. Iyalinsa sun zargi Valero da Sánchez da kashe shi da satar kudi saboda suna da tarihin zaluntar Grimaldos. Mai shari'ar da ke jarrabawar yankin ya yi watsi da karar saboda rashin shaidar amma magajinsa, Emilio Isasa Echenique, ya sake buɗe ta a 1913. A karkashin kulawar Isasa, an kama Valero da Sánchez kuma an azabtarwa da su ba tare da shari'a ba don sa su furta. Ba a sami gawar ba kuma wanda ake tuhuma ya ƙare da'awar cewa sun ciyar da aladu, sannan suka ƙone kuma suka niƙa duk ragowar da suka rage. Bayan da aka sami Grimaldos da rai a Mira a 1926, Kotun Koli ta soke hukuncin kuma ta fara shari'a a kan wadanda ke da alhakin binciken 1913. Ba za a iya yin shari'ar Isasa ba saboda mutuwarsa kwatsam, wanda aka danganta shi da ciwon zuciya amma ana zarginsa da kashe kansa.
9 ga Oktoba, 1999	Dolores Vázquez	Kisan Rocío Wanninkhof	Mijas, Málaga	Shekaru 15 a kurkuku	Watanni 17	Haka ne,
		Vázquez, ƙaunatacciyar mahaifiyar Wanninkhof, ta zarge ta da kisan, kuma daga baya aka yanke mata hukunci a cikin Shari'ar juri duk da rashin shaidar da ta haɗa ta da laifin. Bayan watanni uku, Babban Kotun Andalusia ta soke hukuncin da ta yi nuni da manyan rashin daidaito kuma ta ba da umarnin sake shari'a. Dukkanin tuhume-tuhumen da aka yi wa Vázquez an sauke su lokacin da DNA da aka gano kusa da jikin ya dace da Tony Alexander King, wanda aka yanke masa hukuncin kisa kuma ya kashe wata yarinya a Coín.

Sweden

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
1976–1988	Sture Bergwall	Ya furta kisan mutane 30, amma an same shi da laifin kisan kai 8.	Sweden, Denmark, Norway, da Finland	Tsare-tsare na ƙwaƙwalwa	Shekaru 22-23	Haka ne,
		Shari'ar Thomas Quick, a.k.a. Sture Bergwall, wanda aka yanke masa hukunci, kuma daga baya aka wanke shi, na kisan kai takwas a Sweden da Norway, wanda ya furta yayin da yake ƙarƙashin kimantawar kwakwalwa, yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan shari'o'i a tarihin Sweden.
1998	'Yan'uwa biyu da ba su kai shekara ba	Kisan kai	Arvika, Sweden			Haka ne,
		An zargi 'yan'uwa biyu, masu shekaru 5 da 7 a lokacin, da laifin haifar da mutuwar Kevin Hjalmarsson. Kodayake 'yan uwan sun yi ƙanƙanta da ba za su iya fuskantar shari'a ba, 'yan sanda sun gudanar da taron manema labarai suna mai cewa' yan uwan sun furta kisan, kafin su rufe shari'ar. Bayan wani shirin talabijin a cikin 2017, an sake buɗe shari'ar, kuma a cikin 2018 an wanke 'yan uwan daga duk wani laifi.
2004	Kaj Linna	Kisan kai da fashi	Kalamark	Kurkuku na Rayuwa	Shekaru 13	Haka ne,
		An yanke wa Linna hukunci a kan mahimman shaidu na "Nils" wanda ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya ji Linna tana shirin fashi. Daga baya tambayoyin da aka yi da Nils sun sanya shakku game da gaskiyarsa kuma an soke hukuncin Linna.

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
Mayu 1980	Werner Ferrari	Kisan kai	Würenlos, Switzerland	Kurkuku na Rayuwa	Har yanzu a kurkuku saboda wasu kisan kai	Haka ne,
		A cikin shekarun 1980s, jerin sace-sacen yara goma sha ɗaya sun girgiza Switzerland. Duk da yake an sami takwas daga cikinsu sun mutu, inda sauran suke har yanzu ba a sani ba. Werner Ferrari, wanda ya riga ya kashe wani yaro a 1971 kuma ya yi shekaru 8 na hukuncin shekaru 10 saboda wannan laifin, an kama shi kuma ya furta kisan kai hudu a shekarar 1989, amma ya musanta cewa ya kashe Ruth Steinmann a shekarar 1980. Ya yarda da laifin kisan gilla hudu da ya furta, kuma an same shi da laifin kashe Steinmann. A shekara ta 1995, an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. Shekaru bakwai bayan haka, ɗan jarida kuma marubuci Peter Holenstein ya nuna shaidar cewa Ferrari ba zai iya kashe Steinmann ba, gami da nazarin DNA cewa gashin da aka samu a jikinta bai dace da shi ba. Kwatanta hakora ta gaba ta tabbatar da cewa alamar cinyewa a jikinta ba ta fito daga gare shi ba, amma daga wani mutum mai kama da wannan wanda ya kashe kansa a 1983. An wanke shi daga kisan Steinmann a shekara ta 2007. Saboda sauran kisan kai, ya kasance a kurkuku, yana yin hukuncin rai da rai.

Taiwan

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
1996	Chiang Kuo-ching	Rashin fyade da kisan yarinya 'yar shekara biyar	Taipei, Taiwan	Mutuwa	An kashe shi	Haka ne, bayan mutuwarsa
		Chiang wani sojan saman Taiwan ne wanda aka azabtar da shi na tsawon sa'o'i 37 don ya yi ikirari, kotun soja ta yanke masa hukunci kuma ta kashe shi a shekarar 1997 saboda fyade da kisan yarinya mai shekaru biyar. A shekara ta 2011, wani dan jirgin sama, Xu Rongzhou, wanda ke da tarihin cin zarafin jima'i, ya furta cewa shi ne ke da alhakin laifin kuma an same shi da laifin. A shekara ta 2011 kotun soja ta wanke Chiang bayan mutuwarsa. Ma Ying-jeou, shugaban Taiwan, ya nemi gafara ga dangin Chiang wadanda aka ba su dala miliyan 3.4 a matsayin diyya.
2000	Lu Chieh-min	Kisan yarinyar sa Kuo	Taipei	A shekara ta 2010, an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 13	Shekaru huɗu	Haka ne,
		An sami Kuo ya mutu a shekara ta 2000 a wani wurin shakatawa na jama'a a Gundumar Neihu ta Taipei kuma an tuhumi Lu. Masu gabatar da kara sun yi iƙirarin alamun cinyewa a wuyan Kuo sun dace da haƙoran Lu. An sami Lu ba shi da laifi a cikin shari'o'i biyu amma an same shi da laifi yayin shari'a ta uku a shekara ta 2010. A cikin 2015 mai gabatar da kara na Taiwan ya gabatar da sabbin shaidu ga sake shari'ar da ke nuna gwajin DNA a kan hawaye da maniyyi a kan tufafin yarinyar da jikinta bai dace da Lu ba kuma an same shi ba shi da laifi. Masu gabatar da kara sun ce ba za su daukaka kara ba.

Uganda

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
1981	Edward Edmary Mpagi	Kisan William George Wandyaka*	Kyamabaale, Masaka, Uganda	Mutuwa	Shekaru 18 a kan layin mutuwa, shekaru 2 a kan tsare	Gafarar Shugaban kasa
		An kama Mpagi a shekarar 1981 saboda kisan Wandyaka . Kodayake Wandyaka yana da rai kuma yana da kyau kuma yana ɓoye Mpagi an yanke masa hukunci bisa ga shaidu huɗu da aka yi rantsuwa kuma an yanke masa hukuncin kisa. Wani firist na Italiya ya ziyarci ƙauyen kuma ya sami Wandayaka da rai. Firist ɗin ya sami 'yan ƙauyen 90 don rubuta wa babban lauya yana ba da shaida cewa Wandayka yana da rai kuma Mpagi ya sami gafarar shugaban kasa.

Ƙasar Ingila

Date of crime	Defendant(s)	Crime	Location	Sentence	Time served	Legally exonerated
1255	71 Jews	Murder of Hugh of Lincoln	Lincoln, England	Death	Unknown	No
		Hugh was a nine-year-old boy whose body was recovered from a well belonging to a Jewish man named Copin. Copin gave a false confession which implicated other Jews in Hugh's murder after being promised immunity. King Henry III ordered that 91 local Jews be tried for the murder. Several were executed for refusal to plead (Copin was also executed on Henry's orders), two were released and the remaining 71 were found guilty of the murder. They were condemned to death but released when the king's brother Richard interceded on their behalf.
1660	John, Richard and Joan Perry	Murder and robbery of William Harrison*	Chipping Campden, England	Death	Executed	No
		Wealthy 70-year-old Harrison was last seen walking to Charingworth. After his hat, coat and neckband were found on the side of the road with a sharp cut and sprinkled in blood, his servant John Perry claimed that Perry's own brother and mother had murdered Harrison to rob him, and subsequently dumped the body in a pond. The pond was drained but no body was found. The Perrys then alternated between pleading guilt and innocence, until they were all found guilty and hanged. However, Harrison reappeared in 1662, claiming to have been abducted by Barbary pirates. It has been claimed that this case caused British courts to not give murder sentences without a body for the next 250 years.
1678	Thomas Whitbread	Treason – conspiracy to murder King Charles II	London	Execution	Executed	No
		Convicted and executed on the perjured evidence of Titus Oates.
1679	Robert Green, Henry Berry and Lawrence Hill	Murder	London	Death	Executed	No
		Robert Green, Henry Berry and Lawrence Hill were hanged in 1679 at Greenberry Hill on false evidence for the unsolved murder of Edmund Berry Godfrey. Historians accept they were innocent.
1705	Thomas Green, Madder, and Simpson, and a ships crew	Murder and Piracy	Edinburgh	Death	Executed	Partial
		The 21-year-old Captain Green of the Worcester, an English East Indiaman, his first mate, and a gunner were executed, after their crew, ship and cargo were seized and sold, on being forced into the River Forth by weather. The whole ship's crew had been detained, and charged on an invented Murder and Piracy charges, in retaliation for a Scotch East Indiaman Annandale being seized in the Thames.
1835	James Pratt and John Smith	Sodomy	London	Death	Executed
		James Pratt and John Smith were two London men who, in November 1835, became the last two to be executed for sodomy in England. Modern interpretation cast doubt on the facts and legality of the conviction. In January 2017, Pratt and Smith were among those who were posthumously pardoned by the Alan Turing law which pardoned those who had been convicted of criminalised homosexuality offences which no longer exist in the UK.
1859	Henry John Hatch	Indecent assault*	Wandsworth	4 years	191 days	Yes
		Hatch was accused of sexually abusing two young girls who had been under his tuition. He was found guilty in spite of numerous contradictions in the testimony of the alleged victims. Hatch was sentenced to four year's hard labour, but received a Royal Pardon less than a year into his sentence after one of his accusers was found guilty of lying under oath during his trial. It was widely suspected that the girls' parents had coached them to lie, but this was never proved.
1867	Thomas Maguire	Murder of Charles Brett	Manchester	Death	1 month	Yes
		Maguire was mistakenly identified as one of a party of Irish republicans who ambushed a prison van carrying two republican leaders and killed a police sergeant when he refused to unlock the doors (the Manchester Martyrs incident). According to Liz Curtis, witnesses "blatantly perjured themselves" to convict Maguire. He received a pardon after widespread public pressure.
1876	William Habron	Murder	London	Life imprisonment	3 years	Yes
		Convicted of the fatal shooting of Constable Nicholas Cock during a burglary. The jury at his trial recommended mercy and so he avoided the death penalty, which was usually mandatory for murder. Another man, Charles Peace, eventually confessed to the crime to exonerate Habron, who was pardoned and awarded compensation.
1895	Adolf Beck	Fraud	London	7 years in prison	6 years	Yes
		Wrongfully convicted on the basis of mistaken eyewitness testimony, unreliable methods of conviction and a rush to convict by the police. His case led to the creation of the English Court of Criminal Appeal.
1908	Oscar Slater	Murder	Glasgow	Death	19 years	Yes
		Oscar Slater was wrongfully convicted in 1909 of the murder of Marion Gilchrist on the flimsiest evidence, and sentenced to death. His sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, and he served at hard labour until his conviction was quashed in 1928.
1931	William Herbert Wallace	Murder	Liverpool	Death		Yes
		William Herbert Wallace was convicted of murdering his wife, but the conviction was overturned by the Court of Criminal Appeal in 1931, the first such instance of a capital conviction being quashed.
1949	Timothy Evans	Murder	London	Death	Executed	Partial
		Evans's wife and young daughter were found strangled in 1949. Evans initially made a statement confessing to the murders while in police custody, but later withdrew it, citing the shock of discovering that his daughter had been killed and his fear of police as reasons for his false confession. In 1950, Evans was convicted and hanged for the murder of his daughter, largely on the basis of his original confession. His conviction was also assisted by evidence provided by his neighbour, John Christie, whom Evans had accused of being the murderer after withdrawing his own confession. Christie was later found to be a serial killer who had murdered at least six women at the same property where Evans's wife and daughter had been killed. An official inquiry conducted 15 years after Evans's hanging concluded that Christie had been responsible for the death of Evans's daughter, allowing the Home Secretary, Roy Jenkins, to apply for a royal pardon of Evans's conviction in October 1966. The case was important in leading to the abolition of capital punishment in the UK in 1965. On 19 November 2004, the Court of Appeal said that the cost and resources of quashing the conviction could not be justified, although the judges did accept that Evans had not murdered either his wife or his child.
1949	George Kelly	Double murder	Liverpool	Death	Executed	Yes, posthumously
		George Kelly was executed in 1950 for the 1949 murder of the manager (and his assistant) of the Cameo Cinema in Liverpool, during a robbery gone wrong. The case became known as the Cameo murder. Kelly's conviction was overturned in 2003. Another man, Donald Johnson, had confessed to the crime but the police bungled Johnson's case and had not divulged his confession at Kelly's trial.
1952	Mahmood Hussein Mattan	Murder of a woman	Cardiff	Death	Executed	Yes, posthumously
		Mahmood Mattan, a Somali fisherman, was arrested and convicted of the murder of 42-year-old Lily Volpert, despite the police bungling the investigation. Mattan was hanged in Cardiff in 1952. His conviction was overturned in 1998. £1.4 million compensation was shared out between Mattan's widow Laura, and her three children.
1952	Derek Bentley	Murder of a policeman	Croydon	Death	Executed	Yes, posthumously
		Bentley, a mentally handicapped young man, and his accomplice Christopher Craig, attempted a burglary. The police found them and a policeman was killed by a shot from Craig's revolver. Craig was under 18 and could not be executed; however, Bentley was executed. In 1998, the Court of Appeal quashed Bentley's conviction for murder.
1969	Rolf Harris	Indecent assault*	Portsmouth	Five years	Three years	Yes, 2017 (no compensation)
		Harris was convicted of twelve counts of sexual offences against children in 2014 as a result of Operation Yewtree. One of the charges alleged that he had indecently assaulted an eight-year-old girl during a visit to a community centre in Portsmouth in 1969, although no record of this visit could be found. Harris served three years of a five-year prison sentence before being released; after his release, the conviction for the 1969 assault was quashed by the court of appeal after the sole witness placing him at the community centre on the day was proven to be a fantasist. Harris also appealed his other eleven convictions, but the court upheld them, finding that there was no reason to doubt his convictions.
1972	Andrew Evans	Murder of a girl	Tamworth	Life	25 years	Yes, 1997 (compensation granted)
		Andrew Evans confessed to the 1972 murder of 14-year-old Judith Roberts after seeing the girl's face in a dream. He was convicted and served more than 25 years. His conviction was overturned in 1997.
1972	Liam Holden	Murder	Belfast	Death, commuted to life imprisonment	17 years	Yes, 2012
		Liam Holden was convicted of murdering a British soldier in Northern Ireland in 1973 during The Troubles. Holden later claimed to have been forced to sign a confession by soldiers who tortured and threatened to shoot him. He became the last person ever sentenced to death by a British court (while the death penalty had been abolished in Great Britain in 1965, it was retained in Northern Ireland until July 1973). After the death penalty was abolished in Northern Ireland, Holden's death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment. He was released on license in 1989. In 2012, an appeals court overturned his conviction.
1972	Oval Four	Robbery, resisting arrest	Oval, London	2 years, reduced to 8 months	8 months	Yes, 2019
		The Oval Four—Winston Trew, Sterling Christie, George Griffiths and Constantine Boucher—were arrested by undercover police led by DS Derek Ridgewell at Oval tube station in March 1972. They later claimed to have been beaten up in custody, but were tried and found guilty. Subsequently, a number of Ridgewell's cases were discovered to be unsound and overturned, while Ridgewell himself eventually died in prison having been convicted of stealing mail bags. In 2019 the four men's case was returned to the Appeal Court, who overturned their convictions after 47 years.
1974	Judith Ward	Planting time bomb	Yorkshire	Life	18 years	Yes, 1992 (compensation granted)
		In November 1974 Judith Ward was wrongfully convicted of the February M62 coach bombing, which killed 12 people (9 soldiers & 3 civilians) and injuring 38. She was also convicted of a handful of smaller bombings (which resulted in no fatalities).
1974	Birmingham Six	Planting two bombs	Birmingham	Life	17 years	Yes, 1991 (compensation granted)
		The Birmingham Six were convicted in 1975 of planting two bombs in pubs in Birmingham in 1974 that killed 21 people and injured 182. They were finally released in 1991.
1974	Jessie McTavish	Murder of a patient with insulin and grievous bodily harm	Glasgow	Life imprisonment	4 months	Yes*, 1975 (no compensation)
		Scottish nurse who was convicted in 1974 of the murder of a patient with insulin after being inspired by the plot of A Man Called Ironside. She was released on appeal in 1975, despite three appeal court judges saying there was ample evidence to support the conviction, as the trial judge had inadvertently misled the jury in his final summary. The appeal court judges said that it was an omission that "a few words could have cured". Apart from the case prosecuted, another 23 cases were deemed suspicious by investigators. Although acquitted, McTavish's case often is mentioned in lectures at medical colleges in Britain, and is cited in textbooks and academic papers about forensic science and medical malpractice. McTavish, now known as Jessie Gordon, is believed to have been the inspiration for serial killer nurse Colin Norris.
October and November 1974 and 1975	Guildford Four and Maguire Seven	Planting bombs, making bombs	Guildford and Woolwich	Murder and other charges	Guildford Four: 15 years; Maguire Seven: 14 years, 11 years, 4 years & 3 years, respectively	Yes, 1989 & 1991 (compensation granted)
		The Guildford Four and Maguire Seven were wrongly convicted in 1974 and 1976, respectively, of planting bombs in various pubs in Guildford and Woolwich. Their convictions were quashed in 1989 and 1991. On February 9, 2005, British Prime Minister Tony Blair issued a public apology to the Maguire Seven and the Guildford Four for the "miscarriages of justice they had suffered".
1974–1978	Terry Pinfold and Harry MacKenney	Contract killings	London	Life	23 years	Yes, 2003 (compensation granted)
		Two Essex businessmen and former prisoners, Pinfold and MacKenney, were convicted of murder at the Old Bailey in 1980 after John Childs confessed in 1979 to six contract killings from 1974 to 1978 and implicated the pair, his former employers, in the crimes. The bodies were never found, but MacKenney received a whole life tariff. Pinfold was released on bail in 2001 and after a referral by the Criminal Cases Review Commission, both Pinfold and MacKenney had their convictions overturned at the Court of Appeal in 2003. A forensic psychiatrist, David Somekh, concluded that Childs had a personality disorder that led him to compulsively lie, and the original trial jury were blocked from being told this. Pinfold's lawyer said that former Detective Chief Inspector James Harrison-Griffiths was told in 1976 by Commander Bert Wickstead of the Metropolitan Police that the apparent first victim, Terry Eve—by then a missing person—was alive and living in west London. Lord Woolf, with Mr Justice Aikens and Mr Justice Davis, ruled that Childs' evidence against the pair was unreliable because he was a "pathological liar".
1975	Stefan Kiszko	Rape and murder of a girl	Rishworth Moor, West Yorkshire	Life	16 years	Yes, 1992 (compensation granted)
		Stefan Kiszko was convicted in 1976 for the rape and murder of 11-year-old Lesley Molseed the previous year. He spent 16 years in prison before he was released in 1992, after a long campaign by his mother. He died of a heart attack the following year at the age of 41. His mother died a few months later. In 2007, Ronald Castree, of Shaw, near Oldham, was arrested on DNA evidence, was convicted of Molseed's murder at Bradford Crown Court and jailed for life.
1977	Robert Brown	Murder of a woman	Hulme, Manchester	Life	25 years	Yes, 2002 (compensation granted)
		Brown was convicted in 1977 of the murder of 51-year-old Annie Walsh at her flat in Hulme, Greater Manchester. Despite numerous appeals, Brown's conviction was only declared 'unsafe' in 2002, when three appeal court judges heard how his confession was beaten out of him, the forensic evidence pointed to someone else and a report into police corruption (that led to Brown's interrogating officer being jailed for four years) was suppressed until days before his 2002 appeal. Brown was eligible for parole in 1992, but he refused to admit to a crime that he did not commit and so prolonged his sentence. Brown stated that clearing his name was more important than his freedom.
1977	Anthony Steel	Murder of a woman	Bradford	Life	20 years	Yes, 2003 (compensation granted)
		Steel was convicted of the murder of Carol Wilkinson, who was hit over the head and had her skull fractured in Bradford, West Yorkshire, on 10 October 1977. The murder was initially investigated as a possible "Yorkshire Ripper" attack, as this killer (real name Peter Sutcliffe) was in the midst of a 5-year killing spree carried out between 1975 and 1980 across Bradford, Leeds and other nearby towns and cities. However, detectives theorised that Wilkinson's murder was not linked to Sutcliffe. Steel was convicted based on a confession he made after intense questioning because he was told that he would be allowed to see a solicitor if he confessed. Even though his confession failed to include any details of the murder, and Ripper detective Jim Hobson testified at trial that he did not believe the confession, he was narrowly convicted. The conviction was quashed in 2003 after it was heard that Steel was mentally handicapped and a vulnerable interviewee. He received £100,000 in compensation but died shortly afterwards. Since his acquittal, several investigators have stated that Sutcliffe was the likely perpetrator, indicated by the fact that Sutcliffe knew Wilkinson, had argued with her father over his advances towards her, and had earlier that day mutilated one of his confirmed victims nearby. Sutcliffe did not confess to the murder at his trial in 1981, but by this time Steel was already serving time for the murder.
1978	Paul Blackburn	Attempted murder	Chester	Life imprisonment	25 years	Yes, 2005 (compensation granted)
		Paul Blackburn was convicted in 1978 when aged 15 of the attempted murder of a nine-year-old boy, and spent nearly 25 years in 18 different prisons, during which time he maintained his innocence. He said he had never considered saying he was guilty to secure an earlier release because it was a matter of "integrity". He was released on licence in March 2003. His conviction was overturned in May 2005 by the Court of Appeal, which ruled the trial had been unfair and the conviction 'unsafe': his confession, given with prompting, and later retracted, should never have been used as evidence in his trial.
1978	Bridgewater Four	Murder of a boy	Stourbridge	Life and 12 years (Malloy)	18 years	Yes, 1997
		The Bridgewater Four were convicted in 1979 of murdering Carl Bridgewater, a 13-year-old paper boy who was shot on his round when he disturbed robbers at a farm in Staffordshire. Patrick Molloy died in jail in 1981. The remaining three were released in 1997 after their convictions were overturned.
1979	Sean Hodgson	Murder	Southampton	Life imprisonment	27 years	Yes, 2009 (compensation granted)
		Sean Hodgson, also known as Robert Graham Hodgson, was convicted in 1982 of the 1979 murder of Teresa De Simone following various confessions to police, although he pleaded not guilty at his trial. His defence said he was a pathological liar and the confessions were untrue. After 27 years in jail, he was released on March 18, 2009, by the Court of Appeal as a result of advances in DNA analysis that established his innocence. Later in 2009, it was revealed that a deceased man, David Lace (who committed suicide in 1988), was the likely killer of De Simone, with the dead man's DNA matching the killer's.
1984	Thomas Campbell and Joseph Steele	Arson and murder	East Glasgow	Life imprisonment	20 years	Yes, 2004 (compensation granted)
		On 16 April 1984, a fire at a flat in Ruchazie, a housing estate in Glasgow, led to the deaths of 18-year old Arthur "Fat Boy" Doyle, and 4 of his family members, 2 of them being minors. Thomas "TC" Campbell and Joseph Steele were convicted, despite one of the two eyewitnesses (Joseph Granger) stating in court that his testimony was fabricated. Eight years later, the other eyewitness, William Love admitted to having lied to the trial, having been accused previously of perverting the course of justice three times. Evidence also came out that the two men had been subject to police abuse, Campbell having accused the police of "fitting him up". Steele and Campbell both staged protest actions, Steele having once glued himself to the gates of the Buckingham Palace and Campbell having gone on hunger strike. Both men first appealed their convictions in 1989 but only in 2004, the Court of Criminal Appeal in Edinburgh overturned their convictions. In 2019, Thomas Campbell died at his home.
1985	Tottenham Three: Winston Silcott, Engin Raghip, Mark Braithwaite	Murder	London	Imprisonment	6 years	Yes, 1991 (compensation granted)
		Three men were convicted for the murder of PC Keith Blakelock during the 1985 Broadwater Farm riot in Tottenham. They were cleared in 1991, when new evidence came to light.
1986	Michael Shirley	Rape and murder of Linda Cook	Portsmouth	Life imprisonment	16 years	Yes, 2003
		Michael Shirley, a Royal Navy seaman, was convicted of the rape and murder of a 24-year-old barmaid in Portsmouth, Hampshire, in 1986. After completing the recommended minimum 15 years of his life sentence he maintained his innocence even though this meant he would not be released on parole. In 2002 the case was referred by the Criminal Cases Review Commission to the Court of Appeal, where the conviction was quashed on the basis of fresh DNA evidence.
1986	Danny McNamee	Conspiracy to bomb	Crossmaglen	25 years	12 years	Yes, 1998
		Conviction overturned because of other, much more prominent, fingerprints on the bomb circuit boards.
1986	Peter Sullivan	Murder	Bebington	Life imprisonment	38 years	Yes, 2025
		Sullivan, who was "highly suggestible" and had a low mental capacity, falsely confessed to the rape and murder of Diane Sindall after being held without legal representation for two days. His conviction was eventually overturned and he was released in 2025 after DNA testing on a sperm sample from the crime scene proved he was not the killer. The case is thought to be the longest miscarriage of justice in British history.
1986	Ernest Barrie	Robbery	Blantyre, South Lanarkshire	18 years	3 years	Yes, 1989
		Barrie had been convicted of robbing £40,000 from the Clydesdale Bank in Blantyre, South Lanarkshire in 1986. However, an investigation by the TV program <i id="mwDWg">Rough Justice</i> showed through analysis of CCTV footage from the bank that it was "highly probable" the robber was not Barrie, who was of a different height and build to the perpetrator. An appeal court quashed Barrie's conviction in 1989.
1987	Cardiff Newsagent Three (Michael O'Brien, Darren Hall and Ellis Sherwood)	Murder	Cardiff	Life	11 years	Yes, 1999 (granted compensation)
		The trio were wrongly convicted for the murder of newsagent Phillip Saunders, who was battered with a spade outside his Cardiff home. The day's takings from his kiosk had been stolen, and five days later he died of his injuries. The Court of Appeal quashed their convictions in 1999. The three have since been paid six figure compensation, but South Wales Police had still not apologised or admitted liability for malicious prosecution.
1988	Cardiff Three (Steven Miller, Yusef Abdullahi, and Tony Paris)	Murder	Cardiff	Life imprisonment	2 years	Yes, 1992 (granted compensation)
		The Cardiff Three were falsely jailed in 1990 for the murder of prostitute Lynette White in Cardiff in 1988 and later cleared on appeal due to DNA evidence. In 2003, Jeffrey Gafoor was jailed for life for the murder. Subsequently, in 2005, twelve police officers were arrested and questioned for false imprisonment, conspiracy to pervert the course of justice and misconduct. In 2011, eight of the officers stood trial at Swansea Crown Court for perverting the course of justice together with three witnesses accused of perjury. However, the case collapsed, as the judge ruled the officers could not be given a fair trial due to the previous publicity.
1988	Eddie Browning	Murder	M50 motorway	Life imprisonment	5 and a half years	Yes, 1994 (awarded damages)
		Browing was convicted of the murder of pregnant Marie Wilks, a 22-year-old woman who had broken down on the side of the M50 motorway. Browning was arrested after his friends reported that he matched the photofit of the suspect, and it was discovered that on the day Browning had had a row with his pregnant wife and stormed off telling her he was driving to Scotland. He would have used the M50 to drive in that direction. Browning owned a silver Renault 25 car similar to one seen at the scene, and a 20-foot tyre mark near the embankment where the body was found was linked to a bald tyre on Browning's car that may have made that type of mark. He was released on appeal in 1994 after it was found that the police had failed to disclose a video of a witness under hypnosis. Reacting, the head of West Mercia Police said: "All I would say is that I was completely satisfied with the investigation". Reinvestigations have found no other evidence or suspect and Browning died aged 63 in 2018. His death was not considered suspicious.
1988	M25 Three	Murder and robbery	London	Life	10 years	Yes*, 2000
		Convictions ruled unsafe after an appeal to the European Court of Justice. A large number of items stolen in the robberies had been found in the possession of the men at the time, and the girlfriend of Raphael Rowe (one of the three) handed police a number of items Rowe had given her, which were all found to have been stolen in the robberies. Prints from Rowe's shoes were also found at one of the scenes and the girlfriend testified that Rowe had left that night and only returned in the morning wearing different jeans and shoes and carrying a Sainsbury's bag – which was the same type of which had been taken in one of the robberies. Members of the gang also admitted having stolen the car that was used in the murder only days before. Although they were reluctantly released by the Court of Appeal judges, they insisted that they were not declaring the men innocent, stating: "The case against all three appellants was formidable. The evidence against Rowe was overwhelming... For the better understanding of those who have listened to this judgment and of those who may report it hereafter this is not a finding of innocence, far from it."
1990	Lee Clegg	Murder, attempted wounding*	Belfast	Life	2 years	Yes, 2000 (no compensation)
		Clegg was a British Army sergeant stationed in Belfast during The Troubles. On 30 September 1990 Karen Reilly and Martin Peake were fatally shot while driving a stolen car at speed through a checkpoint guarded by Clegg and others, having ignored instructions to stop the car. Clegg was convicted of murdering Reilly and attempting to wound Peake due to evidence that the shots that killed them had been fired after the car had passed and was no longer a threat to the soldiers. Clegg's murder conviction was overturned by an appeal court in 1999 when new evidence showed that the shot that killed Reilly had in fact been fired as the car passed through the checkpoint, meaning that the vehicle could still have been a threat at that point. A later appeal also overturned the wounding conviction when witness testimony that Clegg had shot Peake after the car had passed was discredited.
1991	Christy Walsh	Possessing explosives	Belfast	Imprisonment	14 years	Yes, 2010 (no compensation)
		Conviction overturned as unsafe (procedural irregularities might have amounted to an interference with his right to a fair trial) on a third appeal. Walsh was refused compensation.
1991	Michelle and Lisa Taylor	Murder of Alison Shaughnessy	London	Life	1 year	Yes, 1993 (no compensation)
		The sisters, aged 21 and 19 respectively, were convicted of the murder of Alison Shaughnessy by unanimous jury decision at the Old Bailey in 1992. The press and media had taken a great interest in the case as it materialised that the murder of the newly married woman in her flat occurred at the time when a love triangle had emerged involving the victim, her husband and his secret mistress Michelle. Two women were seen running from the scene, and fresh fingerprints implicated the sisters, who claimed to have never been to the flat. Evidence was also discovered that indicated Michelle wished to eliminate Shaughnessy as a rival to the love of the victim's husband, such as a diary entry that read "my dream solution would be for Alison to disappear, as if she never existed". They had their convictions overturned in controversial circumstances one year later on technical grounds and because it was judged that the sensationalist media coverage may have influenced jurors. Reinvestigations of the case did not identify any other suspects, and in 2002 it was decided to no longer formally investigate the case. Bernard O'Mahoney, a man who had originally campaigned for the release of the Taylors and who then had an affair with Michelle, has since claimed that she confessed to the murder to him and has campaigned for the sisters to be re-convicted. They were not awarded compensation, becoming the first victims of a miscarriage of justice in the UK to have been denied any.
1995	Jonathan Jones	Murders of Harry and Megan Tooze	Llanharry	Life	1 year	Yes, 1996 (no compensation)
		Jones was convicted of the shotgun murders of his girlfriend's parents, which were committed at their remote farmhouse in Llanharry on 26 July 1993. Inside the farmhouse the best china had been placed on the table, as if the couple were expecting a close guest. Jones' fingerprint was found on a teacup which was only ever used when there was an important visitor, despite him saying he had never used it. It was discovered that no witnesses supported his 'alibi' that he had spent the day visiting estate agents in Orpington, with no estate agents in the area saying they remembered seeing or speaking to him. Police also discovered that he and his girlfriend were in financial difficulty, and that Harry and Megan had a £150,000 life insurance policy that was paid to the girlfriend (the victim's daughter), indicating that this was a motive for the murders. Although the consensus was that he could not be found guilty on this evidence, the jury at his trial were convinced and found him guilty after only two hours of deliberation. He was, however, released on appeal a year later after a campaign by the girlfriend. To this day no-one has ever come forward to confirm Jones' alibi and there remains no proof of what he was doing that day. He has been denied compensation as there is no evidence that proves he was innocent, and subsequent attempts to solve the murders have failed to unearth any new suspects.
1996	Sally Clark	Murder of her two sons*	Devizes	Life	4 years	Yes, 2003
		Sally Clark was convicted in 1996 of the murder of her two small sons Christopher and Harry, and spent three years in jail, finally being released in 2003 on appeal. The convictions were based solely on the analysis of the deaths by the Home Office Pathologist Alan Williams, who failed to disclose relevant information about the deaths, that was backed up by the paediatric professor Sir Roy Meadow, whose opinion was pivotal in several other child death convictions, many of which have been overturned or are in the process of being disputed. In 2005 Williams was found guilty of serious professional misconduct and barred from practising pathology for three years. In July 2005 Meadow was removed from the Medical Register for serious professional misconduct and prohibited from practising medicine. Clark became an alcoholic as a result of her ordeal and died of alcohol poisoning in 2007.
1996	Donna Anthony	Murder of two babies*	Somerset	Life	6 years	Yes, 2005
		Anthony was wrongly jailed in 1998 for the death of her 11-month-old son, also because of the opinion of Sir Roy Meadow, and finally released in 2005.
1996	Victor Nealon	Rape	Redditch	Discretionary life sentence	17 years	Yes, 2013 (no compensation)
		Conviction quashed after an unknown person's DNA was found on the woman's clothes. Nealon was denied compensation.
1997	Siôn Jenkins	Murder	Hastings, East Sussex	Life imprisonment	6 years	Yes*, 2006 (no compensation)
		Siôn Jenkins was acquitted in February 2006 after a second retrial of the 1997 murder of his foster daughter Billie-Jo Jenkins. He was convicted in 1998 but the conviction was quashed in 2004 following a CCRC referral. The basis of the quashed conviction at the Court of Appeal (Criminal Division) were the concessions by the Crown's pathologist that evidence given at the first tribunal were inaccurate. Jenkins has been denied compensation on the grounds that there is no evidence that proves his innocence.
1999	Angela Cannings	Murder of two babies*	Salisbury, Wiltshire	Life	2 years	Yes, 2003
		Angela Cannings was jailed wrongly for four years on the now discredited evidence of Sir Roy Meadow.
1999	John Corcoran	Murder of Helen Gorrie	Horndean, Hampshire	Life	3 years	Yes, 2003
		21-year-old Corcoran was jailed for the 1992 murder of 15-year-old Helen Gorrie. She had left her house one night to meet up with Corcoran, who she had only met the night before when he was cruising around the area in his car. She was found half-naked and strangled but not sexually assaulted at a spot popular with courting couples 10 minutes from her home, and police believed Corcoran had killed her after she rebuffed his sexual advances. He could not account for his movements for 40 minutes that night, when he had left his friends saying he had to meet someone. He was released on a technicality in January 2003 and moved back to Warren Park in Havant, but police revealed that there were no grounds to re-open the murder investigation. Officially, Gorrie's murder remains unsolved.
1999 to 2015	Sub-postmasters operating the Horizon computer system	Theft, false accounting and fraud*	Around the UK	Various, usually fines and imprisonment lasting up to 12 years	Varies	Yes
		In 1999 the UK Post Office introduced a computer accounting system named Horizon. By 2013 the system was being used by at least 11,500 branches, and was processing some six million transactions every day. From 1999 onwards unexplained discrepancies and losses began to be reported by sub-postmasters. The Post Office maintained that Horizon was "robust" and that none of the shortfalls or discrepancies in sub-postmasters' branch accounts were due to problems caused by Horizon. Sub-postmasters unwilling or unable to make good the shortfalls were sometimes prosecuted (by the Post Office's in-house prosecution team) for theft, false accounting and/or fraud. Between 1991 and 2015 there were 918 successful prosecutions. These were largely private prosecutions by the Post Office relying on IT evidence alone, without proof of criminal intent. Public prosecutions also occurred in Scotland, Northern Ireland and in Crown Courts. Despite this, some sub-postmasters were successfully persuaded by their own solicitors to plead guilty to false accounting, on being told the Post Office would drop theft charges. Once the Post Office had a criminal conviction, it would attempt to secure a Proceeds of Crime Act Order against convicted sub-postmasters, allowing it to seize their assets and bankrupt them. According to press reports, these actions by the Post Office caused the loss of dozens of jobs, bankruptcy, divorce, unwarranted prison sentences and one documented suicide.
1999	Barry George	Murder of Jill Dando	London	Life imprisonment	7 years	Yes, 2008
		Barry George was arrested and charged in 2000 over the 1999 murder of TV presenter Jill Dando. He was sentenced in 2001, but had his conviction quashed in 2007 and was fully exonerated in 2008 after a retrial in which police were unable to rely on discredited forensic evidence.
2003	Andrew Malkinson	Rape	Salford, Manchester	Life imprisonment	17 years (Released in 2020)	Yes, 2023
		Andrew Malkinson was convicted of rape in 2004. Initially sentenced to a minimum term of 6½ years, his insistence on being innocent saw him continue to be jailed until 2020 when he was released for good behaviour. He would make multiple appeals, with his conviction finally being quashed in 2023 on the basis of re-examined DNA samples.
2004	Sam Hallam	Murder	London	Minimum of 12 years' imprisonment	7 years	Yes, 2012 (no compensation)
		Sam Hallam was wrongly jailed for life in 2005 for the murder of Essayas Kassahun. He was released in May 2012 after prosecutors told three senior judges that they would not oppose his appeal.
2011	Ched Evans	Rape	Rhyl	5 years	2 years 6 months	Yes, 2016
		Evans, a professional footballer, was convicted in 2012 of the rape of a woman. In 2015 the Criminal Cases Review Commission referred the case to the Court of Appeal, having examined new evidence from two of the complainant's previous sexual partners about her behaviour, which bore similarities to Evans's account that the Commission decided "could not reasonably be explained as a coincidence". In 2016 the Court of Appeal quashed the conviction and ordered a retrial, at which Evans was found not guilty.
2012	Shirley and Lynette Banfield	Murder	Harrow, London	Life imprisonment	1 year	Yes*, 2013
		A mother and daughter who were convicted of the murder of their husband/father after it was found that they had financially gained from his disappearance in 2001, had tried to murder him on previous occasions, and had lied about seeing him in 2008. They pled guilty to fraud, forgery and conspiracy to pervert the course of justice and were found guilty of the murder. They were released on appeal one year later, even though their defence said that the "likelihood" was that "one or other" of the women had murdered him, as they had been convicted under joint enterprise and the judges said that the case required the "application of the established law" and ruled that there was insufficient evidence to prove that they had both acted together to kill him.

Ranar aikata laifuka	Wadanda ake tuhuma	Laifi	Wurin da yake	Hukuncin	Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi	An wanke shi bisa doka
31 ga Yuli, 2020	[Hasiya]	Ƙarfafa tashin hankali*	Harare	Watanni shida (an dakatar da su)	Babu	Haka ne,
		An kama Dangarembga da Barnes saboda zanga-zangar zanga-zambe inda suka ɗaga allon neman a saki Hopewell Chin'ono kuma suna kira ga sake fasalin siyasa. Duk da yanayin zaman lafiya na tafiyar, kotun majistare ta yanke wa mata biyu hukunci na tayar da tashin hankali ta hanyar ɗaukar allon da "zai iya haifar da rushe zaman lafiya". Yawancin kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam sun ce tuhumar ta kasance wani bangare ne na murkushewar da shugaban kasar Emmerson Mnangagwa ya yi wa masu fafutukar adawa. A cikin 2023 Babban Kotun Zimbabwe ta soke duka hukuncin biyu ba tare da samun wata shaida ta aikata laifi ba.

Manazarta

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Ƙarin karantawa

• Jed S. Rakoff, "An ɗaure shi ta hanyar Kimiyya mara kyau", The New York Review of Books, vol. LXVI, No. 20 (Disamba 19, 2019), shafi na 79-80, 85. A cewar Alkalin Rakoff (shafi na 85), " dabarun bincike waɗanda a asalin su an kalli su ne kawai a matsayin taimako ga binciken 'yan sanda sun ɗauki muhimmancin tsarin shari'ar aikata laifuka wanda sau da yawa ba za su iya tallafawa ba. Sakamakon su ana nuna su... kamar suna da digiri na inganci da amintacce wanda kawai ba su da shi. " Rakoff ya yaba (shafiye 85) Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Kasa mai zaman kanta don yin gwajin asali da kuma gabatar da ka'idojin kimiyya na ainihi wanda zai sa kimiyya".[e]