Retezat National Park

Gidan shakatawa na kasa na Retezat (Romania: Parcul Naţional Retezat) yanki ne mai kariya wanda ke cikin tsaunukan Retezat a gundumar Hunedoara, Romania. An kafa shi a cikin 1935, shine wurin shakatawa mafi tsufa a cikin ƙasar kuma an kasafta shi azaman wurin shakatawa na ƙasa II IUCN.

Retezat ya shahara musamman ga flora iri-iri, tare da nau'ikan tsirrai sama da 1,000 da ke cikin wurin shakatawa. Hakanan gida ne ga wasu dazuzzukan dazuzzuka na ƙarshe na ƙarshe a Turai. Duk da matsayin da ake da shi na kariya, a shekarun baya-bayan nan an samu karuwar ayyukan da za su yi barna kamar su sare itatuwa da kiwo a dajin, da kuma barazana ga matsayinsa na kadarorin jama'a.

Tarihi

Yankin Retezat ya kasance wani batu na sha'awar kimiyya, musamman game da flora, tun aƙalla farkon karni na 19.. A cikin shekarun 1930s, ƙwararrun masana kimiyya da yawa kamar Alexandru Borza da Emil Racoviţă sun yi kamfen don ƙirƙirar wuraren ajiyar yanayi a cikin ƙasar.A shekara ta 1935, gwamnatin Tătărescu ta ware murabba'in kilomita 100 na tsaunukan Retezat, wanda ya samar da wurin shakatawa na farko a kasar. An ɗauki ƙarin shekaru huɗu kafin a zartar da doka game da matsayin wurin shakatawa, wanda ke ba da hanya ga duk wuraren da ake karewa na Romania a nan gaba.

A cikin 1979, UNESCO ta hada da wurin shakatawa a cikin Man da Biosphere Programme na kasa da kasa na cibiyar sadarwa ta biosphere reserves, yayin da a cikin 1993 ta haɗa da Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya don Kare Halitta a cikin ayyukanta na nuna ci gaban karkara.[5]. A shekara ta 2008 an ba ta Diploma na yankunan da aka karewa na Turai.[6]

Tun a shekarun 1990 kiwo da saren tumaki ya karu sosai a yankin, abin da ya lalata babban birnin wurin shakatawa. A cikin karni na 21st Retezat ya kasance batun ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce na gyare-gyaren muhalli da yawa.[7][8]

A shekara ta 2006 gwamnatin Romania ta yanke shawarar ba da magada ga dangin Austriya-Hungarian aristocratic Kendeffy, wadanda suka yi ikirarin kadada 10,000 na fili a tsaunukan Retezat, gami da manyan wuraren shakatawa, a karkashin dokar da ta ba da damar maido da kadarorin da gwamnatocin baya suka kwace. Kwalejin Romanian, wanda aka ba da filin a cikin 1930s, ya kalubalanci shawarar. Bayan doguwar shari'a, an dauki matakin mayar da fili a matsayin doka ta hanyar yanke hukunci na 2022, kuma wurin shakatawa ya koma mallakar gwamnati.[9][10]