Reykjanes

 

Reykjanes
General information
Labarin ƙasa
Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa	63°49′08″N 22°41′10″W
Kasa	Iceland
Territory	Grindavíkurbær (mul) da Reykjanesbær (en)
Flanked by	Tekun Atalanta
Hydrography (en)

Reykjanes (Fanar Iceland: []) ƙaramin yanki ne a ƙarshen kudu maso yammacin Reykjanas Peninsula a Iceland, wanda ke ba da babban tsibirin sunansa. Ayyukan dutsen wuta suna da alhakin samar da dukkan tsibirin. Garin da ya fi kusa shi ne Keflavik .isisis

Sunan mahaifi ma'anar Reykjanes, yana fassara zuwa "maganin shan taba," reykja ' , da kuma nes ' . An ba da suna wannan saboda ci gaba da ayyukan volcanic na bel na dutsen na Reykjanes ; Hakanan akwai sauran amfani da wannan sunan a Iceland, misali yankin Reykjanes ko Reykjanes a cikin Ísafjarɗardjúp .

Yanayin ƙasa

Yankin ya kusa zuwa kudancin filin jirgin saman Iceland . Kusan 25 square kilometres (9.7 sq mi) ne kuma ya haɗa da tsarin dutsen dutse na Reykjanes wanda ya shimfiɗa a cikin layi mai layi zuwa tsakiyarsa yana ci gaba da zuwa arewa maso gabas kamar tudun Sýrfell a 93 metres (305 ft) babba. Sauran tsarin volcanic na bel na bel na Reykjanes zai iya rinjayar yankin Reykjanes kuma ya barke a kwanan nan kamar Afrilu 2025. Sauran tsaunukan da ke hade da tsarin sune Skálafell (Grindavíkurbær) tare da tsawo na 76 metres (249 ft) a kudu maso yamma kusa da teku da Bæjarfell a 69 metres (226 ft) zuwa arewa.

Valahnúkamöl ita ce gabar tekun kudu maso yammacin da ke kaiwa Reykjanestá, mafi yawan kudu maso yamma na yankin.

Tsibirin Eldey

Daga tsaunuka da rairayin bakin teku a Reykjanestá, ana iya ganin tsibirin Eldey. Tsakanin zuwa Reykjanestá yana da kilomita 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) (8.7 , tsawo na tsibirin dutse 77 metres (253 ft) . An san shi musamman sananne tare da morus bassanus a matsayin wurin kiwo a Arewacin Atlantic.

A gefe guda, Eldey Volcanic System, wanda shine mafi yawan Jirgin ruwa, a yau galibi ana ganinsa a matsayin mai zaman kansa daga Reykjanes Volcanic system. Yana daga cikin Reykjanes Ridge .

Hasumiyar Hasumiyar Reykjanesviti

A shekara ta 1 kilometre (0.62 mi), an gina hasumiyar wuta ta farko a kusa da Valahnúkur . Ya zama dole yayin da hanyar jigilar kayayyaki da aka fi amfani da ita kusa da Iceland ta wuce ta wannan batu kuma teku na iya zama haɗari a nan. Jiragen ruwa galibi suna amfani da 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) mai faɗin tsakanin tsibirin da tsibirin Eldey kuma a lokaci guda manyan ruwa suna biye da raƙuman ruwa a bangarorin biyu don yankin yana da mummunar suna wanda yawancin jirgin ruwa suka tabbatar. A shekara ta 1887, dutsen ya tsaya, girgizar ƙasa ta lalata shi, don haka dole ne a rushe tsohon hasumiyar. Ba za a iya gina hasken wuta na gaba ba kafin 1908 kuma an gina shi a kan tudun Vatnafell [is] a kusan 1 mi) daga layin bakin teku inda yake tsaye har zuwa yau a cikin 73 metres (240 ft) msl. Hasken wuta na Reykjanesviti yana kan Bæjarfell kuma masu yawon bude ido suna ziyarta akai-akai. tashar wutar lantarki ta geothermal tana cikin ƙasa daga hasumiya zuwa arewa maso gabas, an gina ta a 2006 kuma tana samar da 100 MW.

Hotuna masu motsi a cikin kyakkyawan wuri

An samar da fina-finai biyu da aka sani a cikin wannan wuri: Yarima na Duhu (Myrkrahöfðinginn) , fim din da darektan Icelandic Hrafn Gunnlaugsson ya yi, a cikin 2000, kusa da hasken wuta, da Flags of Our Fathers by Clint Eastwood game da kilomita 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) (6.2 a ciki da kewayen Litla-Sandvík is da Stóra-Sand vík [ˈstouːra-ˌviː k] a cikin 2006.

Ilimin ƙasa

Basaltic low taimako lava garkuwa na Reykjanes volcanic tsarin ne yawanci fiye da 4500 shekaru, amma zuwa ga kudu akwai wasu fissures na baya-bayan nan, tare da ramukan ramuka, tindars da hyaloclastite tuddai da kuma sassan tuff cones kusa da kudu maso yammacin gabar teku. Dutsen dutsen da ke bakin teku ya samar da nau'ikan tephra daban-daban guda 15 a yankin. Dutsen dutsen mai aman wuta ya barke har tsawon shekara 30 da ba a sani ba wanda ya ƙare a cikin 1240 CE. A shekara ta 1226 CE wani fashewar fashewa a Reykjanes ya haifar da kusan 0.1 cubic kilometres (0.024 cu mi) na tephra tare da adibas har 100 kilometres (62 mi) ba. Hakanan yana da lava mai kwanan wata zuwa shekaru 2150 da suka gabata da kuma shekaru 3200 da suka gabata. An rarraba dutsen dutsen Reykjanes a tarihi tare da mai aiki kamar na 2024 Eldvörp-Svartsengi volcano zuwa kudu maso gabas yayin da tsarin tsagewar sa ya ketare wannan zuwa gabas a cikin bel ɗin volcanic na Reykjanes kuma tsarin volcanic guda biyu suna kama da juna, kodayake suna da tsarin tsarin lanƙwasa. Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan yana ƙaddamar da tsarin tsarin dutsen na Reykjanes a matsayin wani tsauni mai tsauri na daban na bel ɗin volcano na Reykjanes. Wannan tsarin dutsen mai aman wuta yana nuna sauye-sauye daga galibin tsarin shimfidar ruwa na Reykjanes Ridge na tsakiyar tekun Atlantika zuwa iyakar farantin karfe a cikin yankin Reykjanes. Shafi 5–6 kilometres (3.1–3.7 mi) faɗin tsarin dutsen dutsen na Reykjanes yana cikin wani yanki mai tsauri, wanda ya kai 45 kilometres (28 mi), ciki har da akalla 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) fita zuwa teku zuwa Rijiyar Reykjanes. Ƙirƙirar dutsen dutsen mai aman wuta ya ci gaba da tafiya tare da raguwa da raguwa tare da akalla fashewa goma a cikin shekaru 14,500 tun lokacin da yankin ya zama kyauta bayan ƙarshen lokacin ƙanƙara na ƙarshe. A cikin tsarin volcanic akwai kuskuren tsoma-tsalle na NE-SW. Akwai manyan yankuna biyu na fissure swarm da ke arewa (Stampar) da kudu (Sýrfell). An raba su da kusan 2 kilometres (1.2 mi), kuma sassan yammacinsu sun yi aiki a cikin lokuta uku na ƙarshe na fashewa na yankin Reykjanes.

Duwatsun dutsen wuta sune basalts, tare da halaye na Picrite, ko tholeiite. Duk da yake dutsen wuta mai aiki a kan tsibirin ya kasance babban tushe ga aikin geothermal a yankin, akwai shaidar cewa dutsen wuta na iya ciyar da tsarin geothermal har zuwa kilomita 30 (19 nesa, har zuwa Hvalfjörður . A kan Reykjanes Peninsula kanta, tsarin ya sami damar da yake da ita, yana samar da har zuwa 176 MW na wutar lantarki.

Wani lokaci kuma Stampar is Layukan dutse daga fashewa a cikin karni na 13 a cikin Tsarin Volcanic na Reykjanes ana ƙididdige su a ciki da kuma yanayin zafin da ke kewaye da laka. ruwan zafi na Gunnuhver is .

Yawancin yankin Reykjanes suna cikin haɗarin rushewa daga fashewar fashewa a nan gaba kuma an buga taswirar kamuwa da cuta.

Dabbobi na daji

Arewacin fulmar, European herring gull da Common raven suna nan a kudu, gabas da kuma wani ɓangare na arewacin gabar Reykjanes zuwa garin Vogar. Kittiwake mai kafafu baƙar fata galibi an ɗaure shi zuwa tsaunuka a bakin tekun Reykjanestangi .

• Reykjanes' scenery
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  Valahnúkamöl coast to south towards Reykjanestá
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  Reykjanesviti lighthouse on Bæjarfell with lighthouse keeper's residence
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  Reykjanesviti lighthouse with steam from the geothermal area of Gunnuhver
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  Suðurnesjavirkjun (Reykjanes Power Station) with cooling ponds
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  View from Reykjanestá to south-west with Eldey in the far background
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  Map of volcanic systems on the Reykjanes Peninsula. The Reykjanes system is marked here as number 1