Jump to content

Richard Alley

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Richard Alley
Rayuwa
Haihuwa Ohio, 18 ga Augusta, 1957 (68 shekaru)
ƙasa Tarayyar Amurka
Mazauni State College (en) Fassara
Karatu
Makaranta University of Wisconsin–Madison (en) Fassara
jami'an jahar Osuo
Matakin karatu Doctor of Philosophy (en) Fassara
Thesis director Charles R. Bentley (en) Fassara
Harsuna Turanci
Sana'a
Sana'a glaciologist (en) Fassara, university teacher (en) Fassara, author (en) Fassara da geologist (en) Fassara
Employers Pennsylvania State University (en) Fassara
Kyaututtuka
Mamba The Royal Society (mul) Fassara
National Academy of Sciences (en) Fassara
American Academy of Arts and Sciences (en) Fassara

Richard Blane Alley (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Agusta 1957) masanin ilimin ƙasa ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka kuma Farfesa Evan Pugh na kimiyyar ƙasa a Jami'ar Jihar Pennsylvania . [1] Ya rubuta littattafai sama da 240 na kimiyya game da alaƙar da ke tsakanin cryosphere na Duniya da sauyin yanayi na duniya, [2] kuma Cibiyar Bayanai ta Kimiyya ta amince da shi a matsayin Mai Bincike Mai Suna . [3] [4] [5]

Alley ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Jihar Ohio da Jami'ar Wisconsin–Madison, inda aka ba shi digirin PhD a shekarar 1987.

Bincike da aiki

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A shekarar 1999, Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa Al Gore ya gayyaci Alley don ya ba da shaida game da sauyin yanayi [6] bayan binciken da ya yi da kusurwoyin kankara na Greenland ya nuna cewa zamanin kankara na ƙarshe ya ƙare ba zato ba tsammani da tashin hankali maimakon sakamakon sauyi a hankali. [7] Ya sake bayyana a gaban Kwamitin Kasuwanci, Kimiyya, da Sufuri na Majalisar Dattawan Amurka a shekarar 2003; a gaban Kwamitin Kimiyya da Fasaha na Majalisar Wakilan Amurka a shekarar 2007; [8] da kuma a shekarar 2010. [9] [10]

Shaidar Alley ta 2007 ta kasance saboda rawar da ya taka a matsayin babban marubucin littafin "Babi na 4: Lura: Canje-canje a Dusar ƙanƙara, Kankara da Ƙasa Mai Sanyi" a cikin Rahoton Kimantawa na Huɗu na Kwamitin Gudanarwa kan Sauyin Yanayi (IPCC). Ya shiga cikin kwamitin haɗin gwiwa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya / WMO tun daga 1992, bayan ya kasance marubuci mai ba da gudummawa ga rahotannin kimantawa na biyu da na uku na IPCC.

Alley ya rubuta takardu da dama a cikin mujallun Nature and Science, [1] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] kuma ya jagoranci Majalisar Bincike ta Ƙasa kan Sauyin Yanayi na Abrupt . A shekara ta 2000, ya buga littafin The Two-Mile Time Machine: Ice Cores, Abrupt Climate Change, and Our Future . Ya fito a cikin shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa da suka shafi sauyin yanayi kuma ya gabatar da gabatarwa da hirarraki da yawa ga jama'a game da batun. [16]

Alley ya yi jawabin Bjerknes a taron American Geophysical Union na 2009 mai taken "Babban abin da ke damun mutane - Carbon Dioxide a tarihin yanayi na Duniya". Bidiyon gabatarwar [17] yana nan (kuma ana iya samu a YouTube).

Aikinsa na baya-bayan nan ya yi nazari kan zanen kankara da abubuwan da ke shafar "kitse", tsarin da zanen kankara ke rabuwa da shi. [7] [18]

Lambobin yabo da girmamawa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An ba Alley kyautar Seligman Crystal a shekara ta 2005 "saboda gagarumar gudunmawar da ya bayar wajen fahimtarmu game da daidaiton kankara da ƙanƙarar Antarctica da Greenland, da kuma zaizayar ƙasa da kuma lalata ta hanyar wannan kankara mai motsi." [2] Alley yana ɗaya daga cikin masana kimiyya da dama na Penn State waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga Kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Sauyin Yanayi, wanda ya raba kyautar zaman lafiya ta Nobel ta 2007 tare da Al Gore.

A shekarar 2005, shi ne kuma wanda ya fara lashe lambar yabo ta Louis Agassiz saboda "gudummawarsa mai kyau da dorewa ga ilimin taurari da kuma yadda ya isar da muhimman batutuwan kimiyya a fagen manufofin jama'a". [19] Ambaton lambar yabo da ya bayar ya ce "Shi mutum ne mai tunani, kaifin basira da barkwanci, kuma har yanzu yana cikin ƙaya a bayan gwamnatin Bush." [19]

A shekara ta 2008, an zaɓe Alley a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Ƙasa . An zaɓe shi a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka a shekara ta 2010. [20]

A shekarar 2011, ya sami kyautar Heinz ta shekara-shekara ta 17 tare da mai da hankali na musamman kan muhalli. [21]

A ranar 28 ga Afrilu, 2014, Cibiyar Ilimi ta Kimiyya ta Ƙasa ta sanar da cewa an ba Alley da Michael E. Mann kyautar farko ta Abokin Duniya ta shekara-shekara. [22] An zaɓe shi a matsayin Memba na Ƙasashen Waje na Royal Society (ForMemRS) a cikin wannan shekarar, naɗinsa ya ce:

Richard Alley has made outstanding contributions to the study of ice, its interactions with the landscape and its link to climate. He has made important advances in topics as diverse as grain-scale physics controlling ice deformation, the role and nature of ice streams, and processes at the bed of the ice sheet. His work synthesised the evidence that abrupt climate changes occurred in the past, and drove hypotheses about their cause and the role of ice on ocean circulation. Alley is also an outstanding science communicator, whose skill and enthusiasm has influenced both policymakers and large public audiences.[23]

Ya lashe kyautar BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award ta shekarar 2014 a fannin sauyin yanayi saboda "binciken farko" da ya yi kan "injunan kankara da tasirinta ga sauyin yanayi kwatsam," a cewar ambaton alkalan. Shi ne wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Wollaston Medal a shekarar 2017, wacce ita ce babbar kyauta da ƙungiyar Geological Society of London ta bayar. An keɓe ta ne ga masana kimiyyar ƙasa waɗanda suka yi tasiri sosai a fagen ta hanyar bincike mai tasiri.

A shekarar 2018, an nada Alley a matsayin wanda ya lashe kyautar Roy Chapman Andrews Society Distinguished Explorer. [24] An zabi Alley ne saboda binciken da ya yi wanda ya inganta fahimtar saurin sauyin yanayi da kuma kwanciyar hankali na yanayin wurare masu zafi.

A watan Janairun 2025, Shugaba Biden ya ba Alley lambar yabo ta ƙasa ta Kimiyya . [25]

Jerin Talabijin

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Baya ga bincikensa, Alley ya yi ta fitowa a talabijin da dama. A ranar Lahadi, 10 ga Afrilu, 2011, PBS ta ƙaddamar da wani shiri na musamman kan sauyin yanayi, mai suna EARTH: Littafin Jagorar Masu Aiki, [26] wanda Alley ya shirya. [27] Manufar shirin ita ce gabatar da kimantawa mai ma'ana, mai sauƙin fahimta game da matsalolin Duniya da hanyoyin magance su, da nufin barin masu kallo su san abubuwa, su sami kuzari da kuma kyakkyawan fata. Shirin ya ci gaba har zuwa 2012 a kan PBS da rassansa. Shirin yana tare da littafi mai suna iri ɗaya, shi ma Richard Alley. [28] An buga shi a ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 2011. Ya kuma bayyana a cikin shirye-shiryen shirin Mega Disasters na Tashar Tarihi . [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2014)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ]

  1. 1.0 1.1 "Dan and Carole Burack President's Distinguished Lecture Series". University of Vermont. Archived from the original on 2011-04-19. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  2. 2.0 2.1 "Citation for Richard Alley" (PDF). Penn State College of Earth and Mineral Sciences. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-05-17. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  3. "Alley, Richard B." Institute for Scientific Information. Archived from the original on 19 May 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  4. Alley, R. B.; Mayewski, P. A.; Sowers, T.; Stuiver, M.; Taylor, K. C.; Clark, P. U. (1997). "Holocene climatic instability: A prominent, widespread event 8200 yr ago". Geology. 25 (6): 483. Bibcode:1997Geo....25..483A. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0483:HCIAPW>2.3.CO;2. S2CID 55608759.
  5. Alley, R. B.; Marotzke, J.; Nordhaus, W. D.; Overpeck, J. T.; Peteet, D. M.; Pielke Jr, R. A.; Pierrehumbert, R. T.; Rhines, P. B.; Stocker, T. F.; Talley, L. D.; Wallace, J. M. (Mar 2003). "Abrupt Climate Change" (PDF). Science. 299 (5615): 2005–2010. Bibcode:2003Sci...299.2005A. doi:10.1126/science.1081056. PMID 12663908. S2CID 19455675. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-03-12.
  6. Alexander E. Gates: Earth Scientists from A to Z, Facts on File, 2003
  7. 7.0 7.1 Roberts, Leslie Carol (15 November 2023). "The race to understand polar ice sheets". Knowable Magazine. doi:10.1146/knowable-111423-3. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  8. "Alley, Richard B." Institute for Scientific Information. Archived from the original on 19 May 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  9. Richard Alley publications, in Google Scholar
  10. Alley, R. B.; Mayewski, P. A.; Sowers, T.; Stuiver, M.; Taylor, K. C.; Clark, P. U. (1997). "Holocene climatic instability: A prominent, widespread event 8200 yr ago". Geology. 25 (6): 483. Bibcode:1997Geo....25..483A. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0483:HCIAPW>2.3.CO;2. S2CID 55608759.
  11. Alexander E. Gates: Earth Scientists from A to Z, Facts on File, 2003
  12. "Alley, Richard B." Institute for Scientific Information. Archived from the original on 19 May 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  13. Richard Alley publications, in Google Scholar
  14. Alley, R. B.; Mayewski, P. A.; Sowers, T.; Stuiver, M.; Taylor, K. C.; Clark, P. U. (1997). "Holocene climatic instability: A prominent, widespread event 8200 yr ago". Geology. 25 (6): 483. Bibcode:1997Geo....25..483A. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0483:HCIAPW>2.3.CO;2. S2CID 55608759.
  15. Alley, R. B.; Marotzke, J.; Nordhaus, W. D.; Overpeck, J. T.; Peteet, D. M.; Pielke Jr, R. A.; Pierrehumbert, R. T.; Rhines, P. B.; Stocker, T. F.; Talley, L. D.; Wallace, J. M. (Mar 2003). "Abrupt Climate Change" (PDF). Science. 299 (5615): 2005–2010. Bibcode:2003Sci...299.2005A. doi:10.1126/science.1081056. PMID 12663908. S2CID 19455675. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-03-12.
  16. "Alley, Richard B." Institute for Scientific Information. Archived from the original on 19 May 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  17. Alexander E. Gates: Earth Scientists from A to Z, Facts on File, 2003
  18. Alexander E. Gates: Earth Scientists from A to Z, Facts on File, 2003
  19. 19.0 19.1 "EGU Louis Agassiz Medallist 2006". European Geosciences Union. Archived from the original on 2015-07-13. Retrieved 2008-09-28.
  20. "Book of Members, 1780-2010: Chapter A" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 15 April 2011.
  21. Alexander E. Gates: Earth Scientists from A to Z, Facts on File, 2003
  22. "Friend of Darwin and Friend of the Planet awards for 2014". National Center for Science Education. 28 April 2014. Retrieved 28 April 2014.
  23. "Professor Richard Alley ForMemRS". London: The Royal Society. Archived from the original on 2014-05-02.
  24. Alexander E. Gates: Earth Scientists from A to Z, Facts on File, 2003
  25. The White House (3 January 2025). "President Biden Honors Nation's Leading Scientists, Technologists, and Innovators". The White House. Retrieved 4 January 2025.
  26. Alexander E. Gates: Earth Scientists from A to Z, Facts on File, 2003
  27. "Alley, Richard B." Institute for Scientific Information. Archived from the original on 19 May 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  28. Richard Alley publications, in Google Scholar