Rikicin mahaifiya
 Rikicin mahaifiya |
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Rikicin mahaifa da tayi, wanda kuma aka sani da rikici na haihuwa, yana faruwa ne lokacin da sha'awar mace mai ciki (mahaifiyar) ta ci karo da bukatun tayin. La'akari da shari'a da ɗabi'a da suka shafi yancin mata da haƙƙin ɗan tayi a matsayin mai haƙuri da yaro na gaba, sun zama mafi rikitarwa tare da ci gaban magani da fasaha. Rikicin mahaifa da tayin na iya faruwa a yanayin da uwa ta ki yarda da shawarwarin lafiya (misali ƙarin jini, hanyoyin tiyata, sashin cesarean) wanda zai iya amfanar tayin ko yin zaɓin rayuwa (misali shan taba, shan barasa, kwayoyi, fallasa mai haɗari) wanda zai iya cutar da tayin.[1] Akwai yanayi na rikici tsakanin uwa da tayi inda doka ta shiga ciki, amma yawancin likitocin suna gujewa shigar da dokar saboda wasu dalilai.
Fage
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kafin ci gaban fasaha da ayyukan haihuwa na yanzu, ana kallon tayin a matsayin wani ɓangare na uwa kuma ana kallon su a matsayin mahalli ɗaya maimakon ƙungiyoyi daban-daban. Tare da ci gaban fasaha, masu ba da kiwon lafiya suna iya isa ga tayin kai tsaye (misali samfurin jinin tayi, fitsari, sauran nama, da dai sauransu da ultrasonography mai girma) wanda ya haifar da bayyana tayin a matsayin mai haƙuri dabam da mahaifiyarsa. Wannan juyi daga mahangar 'haɗin kai' (wanda ake magana da ita a matsayin dyad na uwa da tayi) zuwa 'duality' na uwa da tayin ya haifar da rikici tsakanin uwa da tayi.[2] Tare da wannan motsi, an ɗauki sha'awar tayin daban da sha'awar uwa. Tun da ana iya samun damar tayin ta hanyar uwa kawai, wannan canjin yanayin ya zama mai rikitarwa.[3] A mahangar uwa da tayin a matsayin majiyyaci guda daya (Dyad), wajibi ne a yi la’akari da idan hadaddiyar fa’idar uwa da tayin ta zarce nauyin da aka hade. Lokacin yin waɗannan yanke shawara ta mahangar 'duality', wajibi ne a tantance nauyi da fa'idodin uwa da tayin daban.[4]
Hakkokin uwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yayin da haƙƙin mace na keɓantawa, haƙƙin yancin kai, da amincewar da aka sani ana ba da fifiko da fifiko yayin yanke shawara ga uwa da tayin, akwai matsaloli daban-daban waɗanda ke tasowa tare da hangen nesa na yuwuwar ɗan tayi, gami da "mutum". Misali, tambayar ko yana da kyau ko a'a a "lallashin mace a hankali" ta yanke shawarar da ba za ta so ta yanke ba saboda tana da ciki. A wani misali kuma, mace za ta iya samun sashin cesarean da kotu ta ba da umurni don ceto ɗan tayin, amma ana kallon wannan a matsayin tilastawa, shi ya sa yawancin likitoci ke guje wa shigar da ƙara a kotu lokacin da suke taimakawa wajen yanke shawara ga uwa da tayi.
Tashi tayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tashi tayi a matsayin mara lafiya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Akwai dalilai da yawa da ke bayyana ko tayin mai haƙuri ne na kansa ko kuma wani abu da ya shafi mahaifiyarsa da suka haɗa da: yanayin ɗabi'a mai zaman kansa, ɗan tayin nan gaba tun yana ƙarami, da yuwuwar tayin. Ɗaya daga cikin ra'ayi shi ne cewa ɗan tayi yana da haƙƙi idan yana da matsayi mai zaman kansa daga mahaifiyarsa, amma wasu masu ilimin dabi'a ba za su iya yarda ba a lokacin da hakan ya faru. Dan tayi yana da yuwuwar zama yaro kuma ana la'akari da makomar wannan yaron yayin da ake yanke shawarar 'yancin kai na tayin a matsayin mai haƙuri da kuma yanke shawara ga uwa da tayin, (watau ko yanke shawara na kiwon lafiya zai amfana da tayin lokacin da ya zama yaro). Dan tayi zai iya rayuwa ban da mahaifiyarsa da zarar ta samu. Dogarowar ɗan tayi da mahaifiyarsa na iya ba da matsayin ɗabi'a mai zaman kansa. Kafin samuwar tayin, ana ba da fifiko ga 'yancin kai da haƙƙin uwa.
Ma'anar lafiyayyan tayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin yanke shawara game da rikici tsakanin uwa da tayi shine ba da fifiko ga lafiyar uwa da tayin, amma yana da wuya a tantance abin da 'lafiya' ke nufi ga tayin, musamman ba tare da keta haƙƙin mahaifi ba. Ga wadanda suka ayyana 'lafiya' a matsayin 'cikakkiyar' ko 'kusa-kusa' ma'anar ita ce kada a haifi 'yar tayin da ba ta cika kamala ba. Wasu daga cikin mutanen da suka fi adawa da ba da fifiko ga haƙƙin ɗan tayi su ne naƙasassu. Tunanin yaro 'lafiya' ko 'cikakke' ba ya la'akari da abin da yaron da ke da nakasa zai ji game da yadda za a bi da iyayensu mata don zabar su.[2]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Fasouliotis SJ, Schenker JG (March 2000). "Maternal-fetal conflict". European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. 89 (1): 101–7. doi:10.1016/S0301-2115(99)00166-9. PMID 10733034.
- 1 2 Hornstra D (1998). "A realistic approach to maternal-fetal conflict". The Hastings Center Report. 28 (5): 7–12. doi:10.2307/3528225. JSTOR 3528225. PMID 11656772.
- ↑ Townsend SF (January 2012). "Ethics for the pediatrician: obstetric conflict: when fetal and maternal interests are at odds". Pediatrics in Review. 33 (1): 33–7. doi:10.1542/pir.33-1-33. PMID 22210931. S2CID 207171094.
- ↑ Mattingly SS (1992). "The maternal-fetal dyad. Exploring the two-patient obstetric model". The Hastings Center Report. 22 (1): 13–8. doi:10.2307/3562716. JSTOR 3562716. PMID 1544794.