Rukunin aiki

Rundunar Stevedore ta Amurka, Bassens Docks, Bordeaux, Afrilu 1918.

Battalions na aiki sun kasance wani nau'i na madadin sabis ko aiki mara kyau a kasashe daban-daban maimakon ko kama da aikin soja na yau da kullun. A wasu lokuta sun kasance sakamakon wani nau'i na nuna bambanci na yawan jama'a, yayin da a wasu sun kasance zabi mai hankali.

Dalilan siyasa

A wasu ƙasashe an halicci rundunonin ma'aikata daga wani ɓangare na yawan jama'a wanda saboda dalilai daban-daban ba su dace da aikin soja na yau da kullun ba, sau da yawa saboda an dauki wannan yawan "marasa kyau" ko "marasa aminci", misali, abokan gaba na siyasa, yawan yankunan da aka mamaye ko "ƙananan jinsi".

Misalan sun haɗa da battalions na ma'aikata a ƙarshen Daular Ottoman da farkon Jamhuriyar Turkiyya a lokacin yakin duniya na I da kuma lokacin Yaƙin duniya na II, battalions masu aiki da Francoist Spain ta kafa (wanda aka kiyasta a cikin raka'a 700 na ma'aikatar ma'aikata gaba ɗaya, ban da kusan sansanoni 300) a lokacin Yaƙin basasar Spain a matsayin wani nau'i na zaluntar abokan gaba na siyasa wanda ya ci gaba ta hanyar mulkin kama-karya, da kuma battalions ma'aikata na ma'aikatan ma'aikata da Nazi Jamus da abokanta ke riƙe da ita (duba kuma "Hiwi").

Sauran sabis

A wasu ƙasashe rundunonin ma'aikata wani nau'i ne na aikin farar hula maimakon aikin soja ga mutanen da ba za su iya shiga aikin soja ba saboda dalilai daban-daban, misali, saboda rashin lafiya ko kasancewa masu adawa da kowane nau'in tashin hankali, muddin ba a dauke su marasa cancanta ga wasu ayyuka ba.

A cikin Sojojin Burtaniya a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na farko, an fara kafa ƙungiyoyin ma'aikata ko majagaba a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1914 daga sabbin ma'aikata masu ƙwarewa ko ƙwarewa a cikin aikin hannu, waɗanda aka horar da su don yin yaƙi a matsayin sojoji amma yawanci ana amfani da su don gina rami da aiwatar da wasu ayyukan hannu. A farkon shekara ta 1916 waɗannan sun fara haɗawa da maza da ba a tantance su ba don yin yaƙi don aiwatar da irin wannan rawar kuma wani lokacin ana kiransu Battalions na Ayyukan Sojoji. Da farko an sanya su ga ƙungiyoyi daban-daban, an haɗa rukunin ma'aikata da ma'aikatan sojan ƙasa a watan Fabrairun 1917 don kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar ma'aikata.

Har zuwa kwanakin ƙarshe na Tarayyar Soviet tare da aikin soja na tilas a cikin jihar, maza da aka ɗauka ba su dace da aikin soja ba na yau da kullun amma ba su dace ba don wasu ayyuka, da kuma masu iya aiki da yawa, an sanya su a cikin battalions na gini (стройбаты) na Sojojin Soviet. Irin wannan rassan sojoji sun kasance a wasu ƙasashen Gabashin Turai a duk lokacin kwaminisanci tsakanin ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na II da ƙarshen shekarun 1980. Misali mai ban sha'awa shine Sojojin Gine-gine na Bulgarian (Строителни Войски), wanda aka fara kafawa a 1920 don kauce wa iyakokin girman sojoji da Yarjejeniyar Neuilly-Sur-Seine ta sanya a ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na I. A cikin shekaru wannan reshe ya zama cakuda ƙungiyar injiniyoyi da kuma hanyar da wasu za su cika aikin da ake bukata a wurin a lokacin kwaminisanci a kasar.