Rupert Murdoch
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Keith Rupert Murdoch / / ˈmɜːrdɒk / MUR - MUR ; an haife shi a ranar 11 ga Maris 1931) tsohon fitaccen ɗan kasuwa ne na Australiya da Amurka, mai saka hannun jari, kuma hamshakin mai faɗaɗa labarai. Ta hanyar kamfaninsa na News Corp, shi ne mamallakin ɗaruruwan gidajen buga littattafai na gida, na ƙasa, da na duniya a faɗin duniya, ciki har da a Burtaniya ( The Sun da The Times ), a Ostiraliya ( The Daily Telegraph, Herald Sun, da The Australian ), a Amurka ( The Wall Street Journal da New York Post ), mai buga littattafai HarperCollins, da tashoshin watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na Sky News Australia da Fox News (ta Fox Corporation ). Shi ne kuma mamallakin Sky (har zuwa 2018), 21st Century Fox ( har zuwa 2019 ), da kuma News of the World wanda yanzu ya daina aiki. Tare da dukiyar da ta kai US$21.7 biliyan As of 2 Maris 2022[update] Mujallar Forbes ta ce Murdoch shi ne mutum na 31 mafi arziki a Amurka kuma na 71 mafi arziki a duniya. Saboda dimbin arzikinsa da tasirinsa a kan kafofin watsa labarai da siyasa, an bayyana Murdoch a matsayin mai kuɗi.[1]
Bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa Keith Murdoch a shekarar 1952, Murdoch ya karɓi ragamar gudanar da jaridar The News, wata ƙaramar jaridar Adelaide mallakar mahaifinsa. A shekarun 1950 da 1960, Murdoch ya sami jaridu da dama a Ostiraliya da New Zealand kafin ya faɗaɗa zuwa Burtaniya a shekarar 1969, ya karɓi ragamar jaridar News of the World, sannan jaridar The Sun ta biyo baya. A shekarar 1974, Murdoch ya koma birnin New York, don faɗaɗa kasuwar Amurka; duk da haka, ya ci gaba da riƙe da sha'awarsa a Ostiraliya da Burtaniya. A shekarar 1981, Murdoch ya sayi jaridar The Times, wacce ta fara buga labaranta a Burtaniya, kuma a shekarar 1985, ya zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka, ya bar matsayinsa na ɗan ƙasar Ostiraliya, don biyan buƙatun doka na mallakar hanyar sadarwa ta talabijin ta Amurka.[1] A shekarar 1986, yana sha'awar rungumar sabbin fasahohin buga littattafai na lantarki, Murdoch ya haɗa ayyukan buga littattafai na Burtaniya a London, wanda ya haifar da takaddama mai zafi a masana'antu. Kamfaninsa mai riƙe da kamfanin News Corporation ya mallaki Twentieth Century Fox (1985), HarperCollins (1989), [2] da kuma The Wall Street Journal (2007). Murdoch ya kafa kamfanin watsa labarai na Burtaniya BSkyB a shekarar 1990, kuma a shekarun 1990, ya faɗaɗa zuwa hanyoyin sadarwa na Asiya da talabijin na Kudancin Amurka. Zuwa shekarar 2000, Kamfanin Labarai na Murdoch ya mallaki kamfanoni sama da 800 a cikin ƙasashe sama da 50, tare da dukiyar da ta kai sama da dala biliyan 5.[3]
A watan Yulin 2011, Murdoch ya fuskanci zarge-zargen cewa kamfanoninsa, ciki har da News of the World, mallakar Kamfanin News Corporation, suna yawan kutse a wayoyin fitattun mutane, sarakuna, da kuma 'yan ƙasa. Murdoch ya fuskanci binciken 'yan sanda da gwamnati kan cin hanci da rashawa daga binciken gwamnatin Birtaniya da FBI a Amurka. A ranar 21 ga Yulin 2012, Murdoch ya yi murabus daga matsayin darakta na News International. A watan Satumba na 2023, Murdoch ya sanar da cewa zai sauka daga mukamin shugaban Fox Corp. da News Corp.[2]
An zargi yawancin jaridu da tashoshin talabijin na Murdoch da nuna son kai da kuma yada labaran karya don tallafawa muradun kasuwancinsa [3] [4] da abokan hamayyarsa na siyasa, [5] [6] kuma wasu sun danganta tasirinsa da manyan ci gaban siyasa a Burtaniya, Amurka da Ostiraliya.[5]
Iyalan Murdoch sun shiga cikin shari'ar kotun Amurka inda 'ya'yansa uku - Elisabeth, Prudence, da James - suka ƙalubalanci ƙoƙarinsa na gyara asusun iyali don tabbatar da cewa babban ɗansa, Lachlan, ya ci gaba da riƙe ikon News Corp da Fox Corp, maimakon asusun da zai amfani dukkan 'ya'yansa shida, kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin sharuɗɗan "ba za a iya sokewa ba". [7] A watan Satumba na 2025, sun cimma matsaya, wanda ya bai wa Lachlan ikon mallakar daular kafofin watsa labarai ta Murdoch.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Kuper, Simon (2023-10-28). "From Putin to Musk: the making of a modern-day oligarch". Financial Times. Retrieved 2025-08-04.
- ↑ Kuper, Simon (2023-10-28). "From Putin to Musk: the making of a modern-day oligarch". Financial Times. Retrieved 2025-08-04.
- ↑ "10 Most Influential Media Moguls in History". Business Pundit. 20 July 2011. Archived from the original on 6 June 2017. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
- ↑ Reich, Robert (2024-11-19). "To protect US democracy from tyrants, we must protect the truly free press". The Guardian (in Turanci). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-12-26.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Stack, Liam (3 April 2019). "6 Takeaways From The Times's Investigation Into Rupert Murdoch and His Family". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 12 August 2020. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
Fox News has long exerted a gravitational pull on the Republican Party in the United States, where it most recently amplified the nativist revolt that has fueled the rise of the far right and the election of President Trump. Mr. Murdoch's newspaper The Sun spent years demonizing the European Union to its readers in Britain, where it helped lead the Brexit campaign that persuaded a slim majority of voters in a 2016 referendum to endorse pulling out of the bloc. Political havoc has reigned in Britain ever since. And in Australia, where his hold over the media is most extensive, Mr. Murdoch's outlets pushed for the repeal of the country's carbon tax and helped topple a series of prime ministers whose agenda he disliked, including Malcolm Turnbull last year.
- ↑ Kuper, Simon (2023-10-28). "From Putin to Musk: the making of a modern-day oligarch". Financial Times. Retrieved 2025-08-04.
- ↑ Clarke, Carrington; Ryan, Brad (17 September 2024). "Rupert Murdoch's family feud over future of News Corp and Fox plays out in Nevada court". ABC News. Retrieved 17 September 2024.