Sabon Duniya dutsen wuta
| Sabon Duniya dutsen wuta | |
|---|---|
| General information | |
Height above mean sea level (en)  | 5,462 m |
| Topographic prominence (en) | 738 m |
| Labarin ƙasa | |
 | |
| Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa | 19°46′27″S 66°28′42″W / 19.7742°S 66.4783°W |
| Bangare na |
Cordillera Central (en) |
| Mountain range (en) |
Cordillera Oriental (en) |
| Kasa | Bolibiya |
| Territory |
Antonio Quijarro Province (en) |
| Geology | |
| Material (en) |
dacite (en) |
Nuevo Mundo[1] kuma aka sani da Jatun Mundo Quri Warani (Hispanicized spellings Jatun Mundo Khori Huarani, Jatun Mundo Khorihuarani ),[2] wani stratovolcano ne, lava dome da kuma lava flow complex tsakanin Potosí da Uyuni, Bolivia at 5,438 metres (17,841 ft) And8 . Tana cikin Sashen Potosí, Lardin Antonio Quijarro, gundumar Tomave . Tana arewa maso gabas da kololuwar Uyuni, Kuntur Chukuña da Chuqi Warani da kudancin Sirk'i .
Suna
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kalmar "Jatun Mundo Quri Warani" ta ƙunshi kalmomin Quechua da/ko Aymara ( jatun "babban", quri "zinariya", warani "mai sanda" ko" taurari "). Mundo ( Mutanen Espanya don "duniya") mai yiyuwa ne 'yan Hispanicized ko kuma karyewar kalmar asalin asali. Da yake shi dogon suna ne da ba a saba gani ba, yana iya yin kuskure ya ƙunshi wasu sunaye guda biyu, ko dai Jatun Mundo ko Quri Warani, kamar yadda ya faru tare da Pacha Qullu (ko Kimsa Misa) wanda kuma wani lokaci ana ɗaukarsa Pacha Kkollu Quimsa Misa .
A cikin 1995, gwamnatin Bolivia ta yi amfani da kalmar "Jatun Mundo Quri Warani" don kiran wannan dutse ba "Nuevo Mundo" ba. A baya taswirar Cibiyar Sojojin Soja ta Bolivia (IGM) ta gano wani tudu a matsayin Nuevo Mundo a 21°56′11′′S 66°55′09′′W / 21.93639°S 66.91917 / -21.93639; -66.91917 kudu maso yammacin dutsen Lípez (5,933 metres (19,465 ft) ) wanda ya kai tsawo kusan 5,500 metres (18,000 ft) m (18,000 . Wannan ya dogara ne akan ganowa a baya na Nuevo Mundo a matsayin daya daga cikin tagwayen tsaunuka na Cerro Lipez.[3]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Hawan dutse na farko a yankin ya kasance kafin 1903, ta wani Bafaranshe, Georges Courty, wanda bayaninsa a kan dutsen da ya kira "Nuevo Mundo" ya haifar da shigarwa mai ban mamaki a cikin littafin 1987 Mountaineering a cikin Andes na Jill Neate, "Nuevo Mundo, 6020 m, wurin da ba shi da tabbas."[4]
Masanin ilimin ƙasa ɗan ƙasar Jamus Frederic Ahlfeld, ɗan hawan dutse, ya ƙaura zuwa Bolivia a shekara ta 1924. Ya fara binciken tsaunukan da ke Sashen Potosí bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II, ya haura kololuwa. A cikin wata wasika zuwa ga masanin tarihi kuma mai hawan dutse Evelio Echevarría a 1962, Ahlfeld ya bayyana cewa saboda tsayin da ake tsammani na Nuevo Mundo daya daga cikin kololuwar Lípez guda biyu na iya zama dan takara mai ban mamaki na Monsieur Courty. Duk da haka, a cikin 1969, a cikin littafin Ahlfeld Geografia Fisica de Bolivia, Ahlfeld ya gabatar da zane na Nuevo Mundo (5438 m.) tare da bayaninsa, da kuma a wani wuri kudu maso yammacin Potosí kuma a arewacin ƙananan ƙauyen Potoco L, kamar yadda ya yi nisa daga Cerro.
An yi shakkun cewa Nuevo Mundo na Ahlfeld yana kwance a yankin Lípez domin bai jitu da kwatancinsa ba wanda dutsen da ya ziyarta ya kasance kudu maso yammacin Potosí kuma nan da nan a arewacin wani ƙauye mai suna Potoco .
A karshen shekarun 1990, Toto Aramayo, Yossi Brain da Dakin Cook suka gudanar da binciken Nuevo Mundo na Ahlfeld, kuma sun tabbatar da shi a Latitude: 19°47'0"S, Longitude: 66°29'0"W, watau Jatun Mundo Quri Warani. Gwamnatin Bolivia da USGS yanzu sun yarda da wannan a matsayin ainihin ganewar Nuevo Mundo.
Wasu taswirori har yanzu har zuwa 2013 suna yiwa dutsen mai aman wuta Lípez ( Cerro Lípez ) a matsayin Nuevo Mundo.
Geology
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Filin dutsen mai aman wuta na Nuevo Mundo wani hadadden cibiyar fashewa ne a gefen tsaunin Los Frailes mai dauke da igiyar wuta wanda aka lullube shi da cones cinder (mafi yawa na toka da kamshi). A matakin tushe akwai kwararan lava guda biyu (na viscous dacite) waɗanda suka fashe tare da kuskuren arewa-kudu. A bayyane yake a lokaci guda akwai toshe-da-toka na gudana zuwa gabas. Daga baya wani fashewar fashewar Plinian mai tsananin fashewa ya haifar da faɗuwar toka wanda ya wuce 200. km zuwa gabas, har zuwa Potosí . Wannan fashewa ya kasance kwanan nan, mafi kwanan nan a kan tudu, amma ya riga ya iso da Mutanen Espanya a cikin 1533. Yayin da cibiyoyin fashewa na farko, irin su Khari Khari caldera, Wila Qullu, Kuntur Nasa, Villacolo, Cerro Wanapa Pampa ya halicci Los Frailes Plateau, Nuevo Mundo ya rufe Plateaurite Plateau, Nuevo Mundo ya rufe babban Plateaurite Plateaurite. adibas, waɗanda galibi pyroclastic dacite da andesite .
Haɗin da ke nuna saman sararin sama ya haifar da shekaru 11,700 na kurbin arewa. Hakan ya faru ne kimanin shekaru 3,000 bayan bacewar wata tudun kankara a yankin, kuma mai yiyuwa ne mutuwar dusar kankarar ta sauke wani dakin magma da ke karkashinsa kuma ta haka ya haifar da tashin hankali. Lava coules sun fashe daga Nuevo Mundo a saman moraines . Ƙarshen fashewar Nuevo Mundo ƙila mazaunan Gran Chaco sun lura da shi, wanda ke haifar da tatsuniyoyi game da babban duhu da faɗuwar sama.[5]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World (CAVW) volcano identification number 1505-036. Mastin, Larry G.; Guffanti, Marianne; Ewert, John E.; Spiegel, Jessica (2009). "Spreadsheet of volcanoes of the world with eruption type assignments for each volcano". Preliminary Spreadsheet of Eruption Source Parameters for Volcanoes of the World (PDF). U.S.G.S. Open-File Report 2009-1133. United States Geological Survey. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 April 2017.
- ↑ Bolivian IGM map 1:50,000 Estación Yura 6334-IV
- ↑ Moscoso, Octavio (1897). Geografía de Bolivia. p. 14.
- ↑ Neate, Jill (1987) Mountaineering in the Andes: a sourcebook for climbers Expedition Advisory Centre, London, England, ISBN 0-907649-33-5
- ↑ Masse, W. Bruce; Masse, Michael J. (2007-01-01). "Myth and catastrophic reality: using myth to identify cosmic impacts and massive Plinian eruptions in Holocene South America". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 273 (1): 177–202. Bibcode:2007GSLSP.273..177M. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.2007.273.01.15. ISSN 0305-8719. S2CID 55859653.