Sabunta noma
 Sabunta noma | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | noma |
| Amfani | Rage canjin yanayi |
Sabunta noma hanya ce ta kiyayewa da gyara tsarin abinci da noma. Yana mai da hankali kan sake farfadowar ƙasa, haɓaka nau'ikan halittu,[1] inganta yanayin ruwa, haɓaka ayyukan muhalli, tallafawa biosequestration, ƙara juriya ga sauyin yanayi, da ƙarfafa lafiya da kuzarin ƙasa gona.
Noma mai sabuntawa ba takamaiman aikin ba ne. Yana haɗa nau'ikan dabarun noma masu ɗorewa. Ayyukan sun haɗa da mafi girman sake yin amfani da sharar gona da ƙara takin da aka samu daga wuraren da ba na gonaki ba. Noma mai sabuntawa a kan ƙananan gonaki da lambuna ya dogara ne akan permaculture, agroecology, agroforestry, ilimin halitta maidowa, ƙirar maɓalli, da gudanarwa cikakke. Manyan gonaki kuma suna ƙara ɗaukar dabaru na sabuntawa, ta amfani da ayyukan "babu-har" da/ko "raguwa har" ayyuka.
Yayin da lafiyar ƙasa ke inganta, buƙatun shigar da bayanai na iya raguwa, kuma amfanin gona na iya ƙaruwa yayin da ƙasa ta fi jure wa matsanancin yanayi da kuma ke ɗauke da ƙananan kwari da cututtuka.
Noma mai sabuntawa ya yi iƙirarin rage sauyin yanayi ta hanyar kawar da carbon dioxide daga sararin samaniya da keɓancewa. Karɓar carbon yana samun karɓuwa a harkar noma daga daidaikun mutane da kuma ƙungiyoyi. Sai dai irin wannan iƙirari ma sun fuskanci suka daga masana kimiyya.[2]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Asalin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Noma mai sake farfadowa ya dogara ne akan ayyukan noma da muhalli iri-iri, tare da ba da fifiko musamman kan ƙarancin damun ƙasa da kuma aikin takin zamani. Irin wannan ra'ayoyin suna mayar da hankali kan "ma'adinan teku". Ayyukansa sun haifar da sababbin abubuwa a cikin ayyukan da ba a yi ba, irin su slash da ciyawa a yankuna masu zafi. Ciki ganye wani aikin noma ne mai sabuntawa wanda ke danne ciyayi kuma yana ƙara abubuwan gina jiki a ƙasan ƙasa.
A farkon shekarun 1980, Cibiyar Rodale ta fara amfani da kalmar 'farfadowar noma'. Rodale Publishing ya kafa kungiyar Regenerative Agriculture Association, wadda ta fara buga littattafan aikin noma mai sabuntawa a cikin 1987 da 1988.[3]
Ta hanyar ci gaba a ƙarƙashin tutar dorewa muna, a zahiri, muna ci gaba da kawo cikas ga kanmu ta hanyar rashin yarda da isasshiyar manufa mai ƙalubale. Ba na adawa da kalmar dorewa ba, a'a, na fi son aikin noma mai sabuntawa.
—Robert Rodale
Duk da haka, cibiyar ta daina amfani da kalmar a ƙarshen 1980s, kuma ta bayyana a lokaci-lokaci (a cikin 2005[22] da 2008), har sai da suka fitar da farar takarda a cikin 2014, mai suna "Regenerative Organic Agriculture and Climate Change". Takaitacciyar takardar ta bayyana cewa, "muna iya sarrafa fiye da 100% na iskar CO2 na shekara-shekara na yanzu tare da canzawa zuwa ayyukan gudanarwa na yau da kullun da maras tsada, wanda muke kiransa" noma mai sabuntawa.
A cikin 2002, Storm Cunningham ya rubuta farkon abin da ya kira "noman maidowa" a cikin littafinsa na farko, The Restoration Economy. Cunningham ya ayyana aikin noma maidowa a matsayin dabarar da ke sake gina yawa da ingancin ƙasa, yayin da kuma maido da bambance-bambancen halittu na gida (musamman masu pollinators na asali) da aikin zubar da ruwa. Restorative noma yana ɗaya daga cikin sassa takwas na masana'antu masu haɓakawa / horo a cikin Tattalin Arziki na Maidowa.
Ci gaba (tun 2010)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Noma mai sabuntawa ya bayyana a cikin bincike na ilimi tun daga farkon zuwa tsakiyar 2010 a fannonin kimiyyar muhalli, kimiyyar shuka, da ilimin halittu. Yayin da kalmar ke faɗaɗa cikin amfani, an buga littattafai da yawa akan batun kuma ƙungiyoyi da yawa sun fara haɓaka dabarun noma na sake farfadowa. Allan Savory ya ba da jawabi na TED game da yaki da sake juyar da sauyin yanayi a cikin 2013. Ya kuma kaddamar da Cibiyar Savory, wanda ke ilmantar da masu kiwon dabbobi a kan hanyoyin kula da ƙasa cikakke. Abe Collins ya ƙirƙiri LandStream don sa ido kan yadda ake aiwatar da yanayin muhalli a cikin gonakin noma mai sabuntawa. Eric Toensmeier yana da littafi da aka buga a kan batun a cikin 2016.[4] Duk da haka, masu bincike a Jami'ar Wageningen da ke Netherlands sun gano cewa babu wata ma'anar ma'anar abin da mutanen da ke magana game da " noma mai sabuntawa " ke nufi. Sun kuma gano cewa yawancin ayyukan da ke kewaye da wannan batu maimakon haka ƙoƙarin marubutan ne na tsara abin da ake nufi da aikin noma.[5]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Our Sustainable Future - Regenerative Ag Description". csuchico.edu. Retrieved 2017-03-09.
- ↑ "Regenerative Organic Agriculture | ORGANIC INDIA". us.organicindia.com. Retrieved 2017-03-09.
- ↑ Moebius-Clune, B. N. (2016). "Comprehensive Assessment of Soil Health – The Cornell Framework (Version 3.2)". Cornell University, Cornell Soil Health Laboratory (Edition 3.2 ed.). Retrieved 2021-04-17.
- ↑ Tracing the Evolution of Organic / Sustainable Agriculture (TESA1980) | Alternative Farming Systems Information Center| NAL | USDA". Retrieved 2017-03-09.
- ↑ Regenerative Organic Agriculture and Climate Change". Rodale Institute. Retrieved 2017-03-09