Sabuntawa ta zamantakewa
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Sabbin abubuwan zamantakewa sabbin ayyukan zamantakewa ne waɗanda ke da niyyar biyan bukatun zamantakewa a hanya mafi kyau fiye da mafita da ke akwai,[1][2][3] sakamakon - misali - Yanayin aiki, ilimi, ci gaban al'umma ko kiwon lafiya. Wadannan ra'ayoyin an kirkiresu da manufar fadadawa da karfafa al'ummar farar hula. Sabuntawa ta zamantakewa ta haɗa da hanyoyin zamantakewa na kirkire-kirkire, kamar hanyoyin budewa da dabarun da kuma sababbin abubuwa waɗanda ke da manufar zamantakewa - kamar gwagwarmaya, crowdfunding, kuɗin da aka samo asali, Telehealth, haɗin gwiwa, haɗin gwiwa na duniya, amfani da haɗin gwiwa, kamfanonin zamantakewa, kasafin kudi na shiga, gyaran Cafe, aikin sa kai na kama-da-wane, microcredit, ko ilmantarwa mai nisa. Akwai ma'anoni da yawa na sababbin abubuwa na zamantakewa, duk da haka, yawanci sun haɗa da ka'idoji masu yawa game da manufofin zamantakewa, hulɗar zamantakewa tsakanin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ko bambancin' yan wasan kwaikwayo, abubuwan da suka fito na zamantakewa (Ya kamata sababbin abubuwa su zama aƙalla "sabon" ga masu cin gajiyar da yake niyya, amma ba lallai ba ne ya zama sabo ga duniya). Ma'anoni daban-daban sun haɗa da haɗuwa daban-daban da adadin waɗannan ƙa'idodi (misali EU tana amfani da ma'anar, tana jaddada manufofin zamantakewa da hulɗar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo). Sabon tsarin zamantakewar jama'a ba wai kawai yana gabatar da sabbin hanyoyin da ba za a iya magance su ba, amma yana da nasara wajen canza cibiyoyin zamantakewa waɗanda suka haifar da matsalar da farko.[4]
Ma'anar
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Geoff Mulgan ya bayyana sababbin abubuwa na zamantakewa kamar yadda ya kunshi "ayyukan da ayyuka waɗanda aka motsa su da burin biyan bukatun zamantakewa kuma waɗanda aka fi bunkasa su kuma aka rarraba su ta hanyar kungiyoyin da ainihin manufar su ne zamantakewa. " An fahimci sababbin abubuwa na jama'a ya bambanta da sababbin abubuwa na kasuwanci, wanda aka yi niyya don haɓaka riba. Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta ambaci shi a matsayin "wani hanya don samar da darajar, tare da karamin mai da hankali kan ribar kudi da kuma ƙarin kan ainihin buƙatu ko buƙatu. " Fiye da haka, ya bayyana sababbin abubuwan zamantakewa kamar yadda ya ƙunshi " sababbin abubuwan da ke cikin zamantakewa a duka iyakarsu da hanyoyin su. " Su sababbin abubuwa ne waɗanda ba kawai suke da kyau ga al'umma ba har ma da haɓaka ikon mutane na yin aiki. "
Mai da hankali da aikace-aikace
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Social Innovation yana da tsarin tsakanin bangarori kuma yana aiki a duniya. Masu fafatawa da yawa suna ƙaddamar da sababbin abubuwa na zamantakewa, gami da cibiyoyin bincike, kamfanoni da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, waɗanda ke amfani da ma'anar su na Innovation na zamantakewa. Saboda haka, ya cancanci tattauna abin da ya bambanta shi daga wasu nau'ikan aikin zamantakewa ko kirkire-kirkire.
Sabuntawar Jama'a tana mai da hankali kan tsarin kirkire-kirkire, yadda kirkire-kire da canji ke samun tsari (kamar yadda ya saba da ma'anar gargajiya na kirkire-karya, yana ba da fifiko ga ƙungiyar kamfanoni ta ciki da yawan amfanin su). Hakanan yana kan sabbin ayyuka da sababbin nau'ikan hadin gwiwa (model na kasuwanci), [5] musamman ga waɗanda ke aiki don samun al'umma mai ɗorewa.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An tattauna sababbin abubuwa na zamantakewa a cikin rubuce-rubucen mutane kamar Peter Drucker da Michael Young (wanda ya kafa Jami'ar Open da sauran kungiyoyi da yawa) a cikin shekarun 1960. Ya kuma bayyana a cikin aikin marubutan Faransa a cikin shekarun 1970s, kamar su Pierre Rosanvallon, Jacques Fournier, da Jacques Attali. Koyaya, jigogi da ra'ayoyi a cikin sababbin zamantakewar jama'a sun wanzu tun da daɗewa. Benjamin Franklin, alal misali, ya yi magana game da ƙananan gyare-gyare a cikin ƙungiyar zamantakewa ta al'ummomi wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen magance matsalolin yau da kullun.[6] Yawancin masu gyarawa na karni na 19 kamar Robert Owen, wanda ya kafa ƙungiyar hadin gwiwa, sun inganta kirkire-kirkire a fagen zamantakewa kuma duk manyan masana ilimin zamantakewa ciki har da Karl Marx, Max Weber da Emile Durkheim sun mai da hankali kan hanyoyin Canjin zamantakewa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masana kimiyyar zamantakewa sun sake gano aikin Gabriel Tarde akan manufar kwaikwayon don fahimtar sababbin abubuwan zamantakewa da alakarsa da canjin zamantakewa. Sauran ra'ayoyin kirkire-kirkire sun zama sanannun a karni na 20, da yawa daga cikinsu suna da tasirin zamantakewa, ba tare da sanya ci gaban zamantakewa a tsakiyar ka'idar ba. Joseph Schumpeter, alal misali, ya magance tsarin kirkire-kirkire kai tsaye tare da ka'idarsa ta lalacewar kirkira da ma'anar 'yan kasuwa a matsayin mutanen da suka haɗu da abubuwan da ke akwai a sababbin hanyoyi don ƙirƙirar sabon samfurin ko sabis. Da farko a cikin shekarun 1980s, marubutan kan canjin fasaha sun kara magance yadda abubuwan zamantakewa ke shafar yaduwar fasaha.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Howaldt, J.; Schwarz, M. (2010). "Social Innovation: Concepts, research fields and international trends" (PDF). IMO International Monitoring.
- ↑ do Adro, Francisco; Fernandes, Cristina I. (2020). "Social innovation: a systematic literature review and future agenda research". International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing. 17 (1): 23–40. doi:10.1007/s12208-019-00241-3. S2CID 255527398 Check
|s2cid=value (help).|hdl-access=requires|hdl=(help) - ↑ Satalkina, Liliya; Steiner, Gerald (2022). "Social Innovation: A Retrospective Perspective". Minerva. 60 (4): 567–591. doi:10.1007/s11024-022-09471-y. PMC 9283819 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 35855418 Check|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Westley, Patton & Zimmerman 2006
- ↑ Klievink, Bram; Janssen, Marijn (2014-07-03). "Developing Multi-Layer Information Infrastructures: Advancing Social Innovation through Public–Private Governance". Information Systems Management. Informa UK Limited. 31 (3): 240–249. doi:10.1080/10580530.2014.923268. ISSN 1058-0530. S2CID 12643830.
- ↑ Empty citation (help)