Said, Egypt

Said, Egypt
emporium (en) , archaeological site (en) da village in Egypt (en)
Bayanai
Ƙasa	Misra
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci	UTC+02:00 (mul)
Wuri
30°57′53″N 30°46′06″E
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Misra
Governorate of Egypt (en)	Gharbia Governorate (en)
Markas of Egypt (en)	Markaz Basyūn (en)

Sais ( Ancient Egyptian  ; Ancient Greek

Zamanin Neolithic

An gano wani matsuguni na Neolithic a Sais kwanan nan (1999), wanda ya kai shekara ta 5000 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. Noma ta bayyana a nan a wannan lokacin, da kuma wani wuri makamancin haka, Merimde Beni Salama, wanda ke da nisan kilomita 80 kudu da Sais.

Lokacin Neolithic a Sais ya ƙunshi matakai uku. Matakan farko sune farkon Neolithic (Sais I) da ƙarshen Neolithic (Sais II). A lokacin farkon Neolithic, wurin ya fara ne a matsayin sansanin kamun kifi amma daga baya, a Tsakiyar Zamani zuwa Ƙarshen Zamani, masana noma sun zauna a wurin don noman yankin ambaliyar ruwa.

Juyin halittar ayyuka daga sarrafa kifi zuwa lokacin farauta da noma na iya dangantawa da canje-canje a hankali a yanayin yanayi daga 4600 BC zuwa gaba. Ana kyautata zaton cewa matakin Tsakiyar Holocene Moist ya fara ne a wannan lokacin.

Tsohon zamani

Herodotus ya rubuta cewa Sais shine inda kabarin Osiris yake kuma an nuna wahalhalun allahn a matsayin asiri da daddare a wani tafki da ke kusa.

Murfin sarcophagus na Vizier Gemenefhorbak, daga Sais. Museo Egizio, Turin (C 2201 01).

Allaiyar birnin ita ce Neith, wadda aka tabbatar da addininta tun zamanin Daular Farko ta Masar ( c. 3100 –3050 BC). Helenawa, kamar Herodotus, Plato, da Diodorus Siculus, sun gane ta da Athena don haka suka yi hasashen cewa akwai wata alaƙa ta asali da Athens . Diodorus ya ba da labarin cewa mutanen Athens sun gina Sais kafin ambaliyar ruwa . Yayin da aka lalata dukkan biranen Girka a lokacin wannan bala'in, ciki har da Athens, Sais da sauran biranen Masar sun tsira.

A yau babu wani abin da ya rage na wannan garin kafin Sabuwar Masarautar Marigayi ( c. 1100 BC ) saboda yawan lalata birnin da Sebakhin (manoma ke cire ma'ajiyar laka don amfani da ita a matsayin taki) wanda ya bar wasu tubalan taimako kaɗan a wurin .

Duk da cewa wurin da aka tsara na Sa El Hagar ba shi da wata shaida ta wannan birni, ana da'awar cewa gine-ginen da ke Piazza della Minerva da Urbino a Italiya sun samo asali ne daga Sais.

A lokacin da Musulunci ya ci Masar da yaƙi, an yi yaƙi a Sais tsakanin Khalifancin Rashidun da Daular Byzantine, a cewar John na Nikiû . Ya kasance mulkin kama-karya na addinin kafirci da kuma bishop-bishop na Kirista aƙalla har zuwa farkon shekarun 700. Marubutan zamanin da kamar Yaqut al-Hamawi, al-Maqrizi, da al-Qalqashandi sun danganta tushen birnin ga wani "Sā ibn Misr"; Ibn Iyas ya kira wanda ya kafa birnin "Sā ibn Marqunus". An yi amfani da wurin a matsayin wurin haƙa dutse a wannan lokacin. A lokacin Ibn Iyas, birnin ya faɗi kusan gaba ɗaya cikin lalacewa.

Kidayar jama'a ta Masar a shekarar 1885 ta nuna cewa Sa el-Hagar ya kasance nahiyah a ƙarƙashin gundumar Kafr az-Zayyat a cikin Gundumar Gharbia ; a wancan lokacin, yawan mutanen garin ya kai 4,474 (maza 2,250 da mata 2,224).

Makarantar likitanci

Haikalin Sais yana da makarantar likitanci da ke da alaƙa da shi, kamar yadda akwai tsoffin gidajen ibada na Masar . Makarantar likitanci da ke Sais tana da ɗalibai mata da yawa kuma a bayyane yake cewa mata malamai ne, galibi a fannin ilimin mata da na haihuwa . Wani rubutu daga lokacin ya wanzu a Sais, kuma yana cewa, "Na fito ne daga makarantar likitanci a Heliopolis, kuma na yi karatu a makarantar matar da ke Sais, inda uwaye masu tsarki suka koya mini yadda ake warkar da cututtuka".

Zane-zanen al'adu

A cikin littafin Plato na Timaeus da Critias (kusan 395 BC, shekaru 200 bayan ziyarar da ɗan majalisar dokoki na Girka Solon ya kai), Sais shine birnin da Solon ya karɓi labarin Atlantis, harin soja da ya kai wa Girka da Masar, shan kaye da halakar da aka yi masa daga wani firist na Masar. Solon ya ziyarci Masar a shekara ta 590 BC. Plato kuma ya lura cewa birnin ne wurin haihuwar Fir'auna Amasis na Biyu .

Plutarch ya ce wurin ibadar Athena, wanda yake dangantawa da Isis, a Sais yana ɗauke da rubutun "Ni ne duk abin da ya kasance, kuma yana nan, kuma zai kasance; kuma babu wani mutum da ya taɓa ɗaga mayafina har zuwa yanzu."

Hector Berlioz ' L'enfance du Christ ("Yarantakar Almasihu"), a sashi na Uku, ya rubuta Sais a matsayin wurin da Yesu zai kasance a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa har zuwa shekara 10, bayan iyayensa sun bar ƙasarsu don tserewa daga kisan gillar da Hirudus Mai Girma ya yi wa marasa laifi .

An nuna Sais a cikin wasan bidiyo na Assassin's Creed Origins . A nan an nuna shi a ƙarƙashin ikon wani memba na Order of the Ancients mai suna "The Scarab".