Sally Gross (mai fafutuka)
 Sally Gross (mai fafutuka) | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa | Cape Town, 22 ga Augusta, 1953 |
| ƙasa |
Afirka ta kudu Isra'ila |
| Mutuwa | Cape Town, 14 ga Faburairu, 2014 |
| Yanayin mutuwa | Sababi na ainihi (cuta) |
| Karatu | |
| Harsuna | Turanci |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
gwagwarmaya da LGBTQ rights activist (en)  |
Sally Gross (an haife ta Selwyn Gross; 22 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1953 - 14 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2014) ta kasance mai adawa da wariyar launin fata kuma mai fafutukar jima'i. Wani memba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Afirka a lokacin zamanin wariyar launin fata, [1] kuma wanda ya kafa Intersex Afirka ta Kudu, Gross ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga masu gwagwarmayar jima'i a duniya.
Rayuwa ta farko da ganewar asali
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Gross a ranar 22 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1953 ga dangin Yahudawa, an rarraba shi a matsayin namiji, kuma suna Selwyn Gross . Ko da yake tana sane da rashin tabbas game da jima'i, an gano ta ne kawai a hukumance kamar tana da bambancin jima'i a 1993 tana da shekaru 40. Daga baya aka sake sanya ta a matsayin mace.
Ruhaniya, matsayin 'yan gudun hijira, da ayyukan farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ko da yake an haife shi a cikin iyalin Yahudawa, Gross ya jawo shi zuwa Katolika kuma an yi masa baftisma a farkon shekara ta 1976. [1] Ta tsere daga Afirka ta Kudu a watan Mayu 1977, bisa ga shawarar abokan aiki a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Afirka, ta koma Botswana sannan daga baya ta koma Isra'ila inda iyayenta suka zauna, kafin ta zama novice a cikin Dominican Order a Oxford, Ingila, a 1981. An naɗa ta a matsayin mai hidima a "kimanin 1985" kuma firist a 1987, sannan ta koyar da tauhidin ɗabi'a da ɗabi'ar ɗabi'u a Blackfriars a Oxford. Tana da digiri na biyu daga Jami'ar Oxford . A shekara ta 1987, Gross ya yi aiki a matsayin wakili a taron ANC, wanda Thabo Mbeki ya jagoranta, a Dakar, Senegal . [1] Dominicans sun gayyace ta don koyarwa a Afirka ta Kudu da zarar an ɗaga haramcin Afirka ta Kudu akan ANC a cikin 1990.
Gross ta sami 'yancin Isra'ila [2] amma ta rasa' yancin Afirka ta Kudu a lokacin da take 'yar gudun hijira, wanda aka dawo da shi a shekarar 1991. [1] A farkon shekarun 1990s ta fara "bincike da bincika" batutuwan da ke kewaye da jikinta da kuma asalinta; ta ɗauki hutu daga Dominican Order, kuma ta koma Eastbourne a Ingila.[3] Shekara guda bayan haka, an cire matsayinta na malamai kuma ta dauki kanta a matsayin an cire ta daga tarayya da Cocin.[3] Daga baya ta sami gida na ruhaniya a cikin Addini na Abokai (Quakers), da kuma addinin Buddha.
Komawarta zuwa Afirka ta Kudu ta kasance mai rikitarwa ta hanyar asarar 'yan ƙasa a lokacin wariyar launin fata, da kuma canjin rarraba jima'i.[2] An ba ta fasfo tare da mai bayyana jima'i na namiji a cikin 1991, an ba da buƙatun ta don fasfo tare le mai bayyana jimaʼi na mace a kusa da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida da Lafiya ta Afirka ta Kudu. Gross ya ki amincewa da shawarar "aikin tiyata" na al'aura a matsayin "tunanin lalata".[2] Daga ƙarshe an ba ta fasfo da takardar shaidar haihuwa tare da alamun jima'i na mata, bisa ga kuskuren asali.[2]
Yunkurin jima'i
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gross ya kasance wanda ya kafa Intersex Afirka ta Kudu, wata kungiya mai cin gashin kanta da ke da alaƙa da Organisation Intersex International.
A shekara ta 2000, Sally ta sami sanannen ambaton jima'i a cikin dokar ƙasa, tare da haɗa "intersex" a cikin ma'anar "jima'i" a cikin dokar hana nuna bambanci na Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ta taimaka wajen tsara dokoki [4] [1] kan Canjin Bayanan Jima'i, da Inganta Daidaitawa.
Gross ta kasance mai magana da jama'a game da batutuwan jima'i, kuma BBC World Service ta yi mata tambayoyi game da jima'i da kuma batun Caster Semenya a watan Satumbar 2009. Ta bayyana a cikin bidiyon It Gets Better South Africa a watan Afrilun 2013. Gross kuma ta shiga cikin taron Intersex na farko na kasa da kasa a cikin 2011 kuma ta bayyana a cikin shirin Intersexion . Ta hanyar Skype, Gross ya gabatar da takarda mai taken "Ba a cikin Hoton Allah ba: Intersex, Mutuwar Jama'a da Kisan Yara" zuwa wani taro kan Intersex, Theology da Littafi Mai-Tsarki a watan Maris na 2013 ta Cibiyar Addinin Jami'ar Manchester da Cibiyar Jama'a.
Mutuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Jaridar Daily Maverick ta ruwaito cewa Gross ta mutu ita kaɗai a cikin gidanta a Cape Town a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu 2014, "an tilasta mata ta yi kira ga abokai don biyan kuɗin haya da takardun kiwon lafiya yayin da lafiyarta ta lalace; ta kusan tsayawa. " A cikin bayanan da Organisation Intersex International, Intersex Trust Aotearoa New Zealand da jaridar Star Observer suka yi, ana tunawa da Gross a matsayin mai ba da shawara mai tausayi da tsoro, kuma mai ba da mai ba da ba da shawara.[5][6][7][8][6][7][9]
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bayanan da aka ambata
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Gross, Sally (21 February 2000). "The journey from Selwyn to Sally" (PDF). The Witness. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "witness1" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Gross, Sally (23 February 2000). "The struggle to be Sally" (PDF). The Witness. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "witness3" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 3.0 3.1 Gross, Sally (22 February 2000). "Shunned by the church" (PDF). The Witness.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedeight - ↑ "Sally Gross: The fight for gender equality loses a giant", Daily Maverick, 25 February 2014; accessed 27 July 2015.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedoii - ↑ 7.0 7.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namednz - ↑ "Sally Gross remembered as fearless intersex leader", Star Observer, 4 March 2014.
- ↑ "Sally Gross remembered as fearless intersex leader", Star Observer, 4 March 2014.