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Sam Altman

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Sam Altman
président-directeur général (en) Fassara

Nuwamba, 2023 -
Rayuwa
Cikakken sunaSamuel Harris Altman
HaihuwaChicago, 22 ga Afirilu, 1985 (41 shekaru)
ƙasaTarayyar Amurka
MazauniSan Francisco
ƘabilaYahudawa
Ƴan uwa
Abokiyar zamaOliver Mulherin (mul) Fassara  (11 ga Janairu, 2024 -
AhaliJack Altman (mul) Fassara da Ann Altman (mul) Fassara
Karatu
MakarantaJami'ar Stanford : computer science (en) Fassara
John Burroughs School (en) Fassara
HarsunaTuranci
Sana'a
Sana'aFurogirama, Entrepreneur da babban mai gudanarwa
EmployersY Combinator (mul) Fassara
Loopt (mul) Fassara
Reddit Inc. (mul) Fassara
OpenAI (mul) Fassara  (2018 -
Muhimman ayyukaHydrazine Capital (mul) Fassara
Kyaututtuka
IMDbnm10310272
blog.samaltman.com

Samuel Harris Altman (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Afrilu, 1985) ɗan kasuwa ne kuma mai saka hannun jari ɗan Amurka wanda ya kasance babban jami'in gudanarwa (Shugaba) na kamfanin leƙen asiri na wucin gadi na OpenAI tun daga shekarar 2019.

Altman ya yi karatunsa a Jami'ar Stanford tsawon shekaru biyu kafin ya daina aiki tare da kafa Loopt, wani manhajar sadarwa ta zamani ta wayar salula . Kamfanin Green Dot Corporation ne ya sayi Loopt akan dala miliyan 43.4 a watan Maris na 2012. A shekarar 2011, Altman ya shiga Y Combinator, wani kamfanin haɓaka fasahar zamani da kuma kamfanin jarin kasuwanci, kuma shi ne shugaban kamfanin daga 2014 zuwa 2019. Shi biloniya ne, saboda jarinsa a kamfanoni sama da 400, ciki har da Reddit, Worldcoin, Helion Energy da Instacart .

Altman ya kafa OpenAI tare a shekarar 2015 kuma ya zama shugaban kamfanin a shekarar 2019, rawar da ta sa ya zama fitaccen mutum a cikin ci gaban fasahar AI . Shi ne ya jagoranci ƙaddamar da ChatGPT a watan Nuwamba na 2022. A shekarar 2023, kwamitin gudanarwa na ƙungiyar ya kore shi daga aiki saboda rashin "yin gaskiya akai-akai". [1] Matakin ya fuskanci suka mai tsanani daga ma'aikata da masu zuba jari, wanda ya haifar da mayar da Altman aiki bayan kwana biyar da kuma kafa sabuwar hukumar gudanarwa.

Rayuwar farko da ilimi

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An haifi Altman a Chicago a ranar 22 ga Afrilu, 1985, ga dangin Yahudawa 'yan Amurka . Mahaifiyarsa, Connie Gibstine, ƙwararriyar likitan fata ce, kuma mahaifinsa, Jerry Altman, dillalin gidaje ne. [2] [3] Shi ne babban ɗan'uwa a cikin 'yan'uwa huɗu: yana da 'yan'uwa maza biyu, Max da Jack ; da kuma 'yar'uwa mace, Ann. [4] An haifi kakansa na uba a Płock, Poland . [2] A shekarar 1989, iyalan Altman suka ƙaura zuwa garinsu na Jerry, Clayton, Missouri . [2]

A lokacin yana da shekaru takwas, Altman ya sami kwamfutarsa ta farko—wato Apple Macintosh —kuma ya fara koyon yadda ake rubuta lambobi da wargazawa da kuma bincika kayan aikin kwamfuta . [5] Ya halarci Makarantar John Burroughs, wata cibiya mai zaman kanta a Ladue, Missouri . A shekarar 2005, bayan ya yi karatun kimiyyar kwamfuta na tsawon shekaru biyu a Jami'ar Stanford da ke Stanford, California, ya daina karatu ba tare da samun digiri na farko ba. [6]

Aikin kasuwanci

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Farkon aikina

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A shekara ta 2005, yana da shekaru 19, [7] Altman ya kafa Loopt, [8] wani aikace-aikacen wayar hannu na hanyar sadarwa ta yanar gizo wanda ke tushen wuri. A matsayinsa na Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa, ya tara sama da dala miliyan 30 a matsayin jarin kamfani, ciki har da jarin farko na dala miliyan 5 daga Patrick Chung na Xfund da tawagarsa a New Enterprise Associates, sannan ya saka hannun jari daga Sequoia Capital da Y Combinator. [9] Kamfanin ya sayi bayanan geolocation daga masu samar da wayar salula kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar hanyar sadarwar zamantakewa ta farko ga masu amfani don ganin inda abokansu suke a ainihin lokaci. Hukumar Loopt ta yi ƙoƙarin cire Altman daga matsayinsa na Shugaba sau biyu, amma magoya bayan Altman sun kare shi kuma sun bayyana cewa yunƙurin ba shi da wani tasiri. [8] A watan Maris na 2012, bayan da Loopt ya kasa samun karbuwa sosai daga masu amfani, Kamfanin Green Dot ya sayi kamfanin kan dala miliyan 43.4.

Mai Haɗa Y

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A shekarar 2011, Altman ya zama abokin tarayya a kamfanin haɓaka haɓaka sabbin kayayyaki na Y Combinator (YC), wanda da farko yana aiki na ɗan lokaci. [10] A watan Fabrairun 2014, ya zama shugaban YC, inda ya maye gurbin Paul Graham, wanda ya kafa YC, wanda ya kasance mai ba shi shawara. [8] Altman ya yi niyyar faɗaɗa YC don ba da kuɗaɗen sabbin kamfanoni 1,000 a kowace shekara kuma ya nemi faɗaɗa nau'ikan kamfanonin da ake ba da kuɗaɗen, musamman mai da hankali kan sabbin kamfanoni "fasahar zamani". A watan Oktoban 2015, Altman ya shiga cikin faɗaɗa ikon YC. Ya zuba jari a kamfanoni da dama kamar Stripe, Inc .. [8] A watan Satumba na 2016, rawar da Altman ya taka a YC ta faɗaɗa zuwa shugaban ƙungiyar YC, wanda ya haɗa da Y Combinator da sauran ƙungiyoyi. [11] Zuwa shekarar 2018, rawar da Altman ya taka a OpenAI ta sa ba ya yawan halarta a YC, [9] kuma wasu abokan hulɗa na YC sun yi korafi ga Graham cewa Altman yana amfani da rawar da yake takawa don samun fifiko a cikin damar saka hannun jari. [8] Graham ya ce Altman ya amince ya bar YC, amma yana adawa da hakan a aikace. [8]

YC ta mayar da hedikwatarta zuwa San Francisco a shekarar 2019. [10] A watan Maris, Altman da YC sun fara yin ƙarya [12] [9] suna da'awar cewa Altman ya sauya sheka daga shugaban ƙasa zuwa matsayin shugaban hukumar da ba shi da hannu a ciki, wanda hakan ya ba shi damar mai da hankali kan OpenAI. [9] [13] [14] Graham ya ce "babu shakka cewa an cire Altman saboda rashin amincewar abokan hulɗar YC." [8]

Mai Zuba Jari

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Altman a taron tattalin arzikin duniya na 2024

Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2024, fayil ɗin jarin Altman ya haɗa da hannun jari a cikin kamfanoni sama da 400, waɗanda darajarsu ta kai kusan dala biliyan 2.8. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan jarin suna hulɗa da kamfanonin da ke kasuwanci da OpenAI, wanda ya haifar da tambayoyi game da yiwuwar rikice-rikicen sha'awa . Shugaban hukumar gudanarwa ta OpenAI, Bret Taylor, ya dage cewa Altman ya bayyana gaskiya game da jarinsa. [15]

A watan Afrilun 2012, Altman ya kafa kamfanin Hydrazine Capital tare da ɗan'uwansa, Jack Altman. [16] [17] Asusun farko na dala miliyan 21 ya ƙunshi babban ɓangare na dala miliyan 5 da ya samu daga sayar da Loopt, amma mafi yawansu sun fito ne daga Peter Thiel, mai ba shi shawara kuma babban mai tallafa masa a Silicon Valley . Sam Altman ya zuba jarin kashi 75 cikin 100 na kuɗin a kamfanonin Y-Combinator. A shekarar 2023, lokacin da Hydrazine ta ƙaddamar da asusunta na huɗu, tallafin Jami'ar Michigan shi kaɗai ne mai zuba jari a waje. Jarin da ta zuba a Hydrazine shi ne mafi girman jarin da wannan kamfani ya samu. Altman ya fara fitowa a Bloomberg Billionaires Index a watan Maris na 2024, inda aka kiyasta cewa ya kai dala biliyan 2, musamman daga asusun jarinsa da ya yi da Hydrazine Capital. An gayyace shi zuwa taron Bilderberg a 2016, 2022, [18] da 2023. [19]

Nancy Pelosi ta gabatar wa Altman kyautar Ric Weiland Award a shekarar 2017

Fasahar kere-kere ta Biotech

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Altman yana da wasu jari da dama a kamfanoni, ciki har da Humane, wanda ke haɓaka na'urar da ke amfani da fasahar AI; Retro Biosciences, kamfanin bincike da ke da niyyar tsawaita rayuwar ɗan adam da shekaru 10; [20] Boom Technology, wani kamfanin haɓaka jiragen sama mai ƙarfi ; Cruise, wani kamfanin kera motoci masu tuƙi da kansa wanda daga baya General Motors ya saya; da Helion Energy, wani kamfanin bincike na haɗin gwiwa na Amurka.

A lokacin annobar COVID-19, Altman ya taimaka wajen samar da kuɗi da ƙirƙirar Project Covalence don taimakawa masu bincike su ƙaddamar da gwaje-gwajen asibiti cikin sauri tare da haɗin gwiwar TrialSpark, wani kamfani na gwaji na asibiti. [21] A lokacin da mai ajiya ke gudanar da harkokinsa a Bankin Silicon Valley a tsakiyar watan Maris na 2023, Altman ya samar da jari ga kamfanoni da dama na farko. [22] Altman yana zuba jari a kamfanonin samar da fasaha da kamfanonin makamashin nukiliya. Wasu daga cikin kamfanonin da yake da su sun haɗa da Airbnb, Stripe, da Retro Biosciences . [20] Tare da Peter Thiel, Altman ya kasance farkon mai saka hannun jari a fannin iri a Minicircle, "kamfanin fasahar kere-kere ta tsawon rai wanda ya mayar da hankali kan haɓaka hanyoyin magance kwayoyin halitta don tsawaita rayuwar ɗan adam." Ya kuma zuba jari a ayyukan birnin haya na Próspera da Praxis, waɗanda suka sami ƙarin tallafin kuɗi daga marubuci kuma tsohon CTO na Coinbase Balaji Srinivasan . An danganta biranen biyu da ƙungiyoyin wallafe-wallafe da 'yan jarida daban-daban da ƙungiyar Network State. [23]

Reddit

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Tsawon kwanaki takwas a shekarar 2014, Altman ya kasance shugaban kamfanin Reddit, wani kamfanin sada zumunta, bayan da shugaban kamfanin Yishan Wong ya yi murabus. A ranar 10 ga Yuli, 2015, ya sanar da dawowar Steve Huffman a matsayin Shugaba. [24] Ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin kwamitin gudanarwa har zuwa 2022. [25] Altman ya zuba jari a zagaye da dama na kudade don Reddit (a cikin 2014, 2015, da 2021). [25] [26] Kafin fara sayar da hannun jarin Reddit a shekarar 2024, an sanya Altman a matsayin mai hannun jari na uku mafi girma, tare da kusan kashi 9% na hannun jarinsa.

Duniyar kuɗi

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Ana nuna na'urorin daukar hoto na iris masu siffar orb

A shekarar 2019, Altman ya kafa kamfanin Tools For Humanity tare da Alex Blania (Shugaba) da sauransu. Kamfanin ya tallata tsarin saka hannun jari na Worldcoin da na'urorin duba ido don samar da shaidar mutum da kuma tantancewa. [27] Duk da haka, ta shiga cikin ayyukan tallan yaudara don haifar da rajista. [28] [29] Zuwa shekarar 2023, Tools For Humanity ta duba idanun mutane miliyan biyu kuma ta tara dala miliyan 250 daga hannun masu zuba jari da dama, ciki har da Andreessen Horowitz da Sam Bankman-Fried . [30] [31] [32]

Kenya tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe na farko da suka yi rijistar WorldCoin. Alƙawarin samun kuɗi kyauta ya haifar da ci gaba cikin sauri a Kenya har sai da masu kula da harkokin kuɗi suka dakatar da tallata WorldCoin. Da yake ambaton damuwar shari'a game da sirrin bayanan halitta da kuma yiwuwar zamba, masu kula da harkokin shari'a a Faransa, Burtaniya, Bavaria, Koriya ta Kudu, Spain, Portugal, da Hong Kong sun yi bincike ko dakatar da WorldCoin. Ba a taɓa bayar da WorldCoin a Amurka ba kuma kamfanin yana iyakance bayyana bayanansa saboda binciken ƙa'idoji. [30]

Zuba jari a makamashi

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Altman shine shugaban kwamitin gudanarwa na Helion Energy, wani kamfani da ya mayar da hankali kan haɓaka haɗakar makaman nukiliya . [33] [34] Ya kuma zuba jari a Exowatt, wani kamfani mai samar da makamashin rana wanda ke da nufin samar da makamashi mai tsafta ga cibiyoyin bayanai. [35] A watan Maris na 2021, Altman da ma'aikacin bankin saka hannun jari Michael Klein sun kafa kamfanin AltC Acquisition Corp, wani kamfanin siye na musamman (SPAC), inda shi ma ya kasance babban jami'in gudanarwa. [36] A watan Mayun 2024, kamfanin nukiliya na Oklo Inc. ya kammala hadewa da SPAC don zama kamfanin jama'a. Altman ya ci gaba da zama shugaban Oklo bayan haɗewar [37] har sai da ya sauka daga mulki a watan Afrilun 2025 don "guje wa rikicin sha'awa" da kuma "buɗe damammaki don yarjejeniyoyi na gaba tsakanin OpenAI da Oklo." [38]

OpenAI

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OpenAI ta fara

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An kafa OpenAI a matsayin ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta Altman, Greg Brockman, Elon Musk, Jessica Livingston, Peter Thiel, Microsoft, Amazon Web Services, Infosys, da YC. Bincike. Altman ya ɗauki Ilya Sutskever da Dario Amodei da ƙarfin hali ta hanyar ba su kulawa da kuma bayar da hannun jari na YC. A farkon tattaunawarsa da Musk, ya yi wa OpenAI kallon mai fafatawa da ci gaban fasahar kere-kere ta Google . Google ya yi nisa sosai; Musk da Altman sun yi koyi da dabarunsu bayan Aikin Manhattan tare da mai da hankali kan ɗaukar shugabannin fasahar AI da kuma shawo kan duniya cewa suna kare barazanar AI. [8]

Lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da OpenAI a shekarar 2015, ta yi alƙawarin samun dala 1. biliyan. [39] A shekarar 2019, OpenAI ta ce an tara dala miliyan 130 daga cikin kudaden da aka yi alkawari. [40] Kamfanin TechCrunch ya ruwaito cewa YC Research ba ta taɓa bayar da gudummawar kuɗi daga cikin alkawuran da suka yi ba. [41]

Altman ya ce a shekarar 2015 cewa wani ɓangare na abin da ya motsa su shi ne damuwa game da amincin AI da kuma haɗarin wanzuwar su daga fasahar kere-kere ta wucin gadi . Ya ce bude hanyar sadarwa za ta rage wadannan hadurra, yana mai jayayya cewa idan kowa yana da damar yin amfani da fasahar zamani mai karfi, masu amfani da ita za su iya dakile kananan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo marasa kyau . [42] Altman ya lura cewa zai zama aiki na tsawon shekaru da dama wanda daga ƙarshe ya zarce basirar ɗan adam. Walter Isaacson ya yi ra'ayin cewa Altman yana da "ƙarfin kamar na Musk".

Zuba jari a OpenAI

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A shekarar 2018, Musk, wani abokin Altman na dogon lokaci, ya yi murabus daga kujerarsa ta Hukumar Daraktoci, yana mai cewa "akwai yiwuwar rikici [na sha'awa] a nan gaba" da rawar da ya taka a matsayin Shugaba na Tesla saboda ci gaban fasahar kere-kere ta Tesla don motocin da ke tuka kansu. [43] A watan Fabrairun 2024, Musk ya kai ƙarar OpenAI da Altman, yana zargin sun karya yarjejeniyar kafa kamfanin ta hanyar fifita riba fiye da fa'ida ga ɗan adam. [44] Shugabannin OpenAI, ciki har da Altman, sun yi watsi da waɗannan ikirari a cikin wani rubutu a shafin yanar gizo. [45] Sanarwar ta ce kamfanin ya samu dala $45 kacal miliyan daga Musk maimakon alkawarin dala 1 da ya yi masa biliyan, kuma Musk ya ba da shawarar haɗa shi da Tesla. [46]

A watan Maris na 2019, Altman ya bar Y Combinator kuma ya fara mai da hankali kan cikakken lokaci a matsayin Shugaba na OpenAI. [47] Har zuwa shekarar 2017, Brockman da Sutskever sun kula da harkokin yau da kullun kuma Altman ya fara aiki kusan sau ɗaya a mako. Sutskever ya yi adawa da komawa ga matsayin Altman zuwa matsayin AI saboda dalilan Altman ba su da tabbas kuma hakan ya ba da damar zama "mai mulkin kama-karya na AI". Shugabannin uku sun yi yarjejeniya ta yau da kullun cewa Altman zai sauka daga mulki idan sauran biyun suka nemi hakan. [8] Kamfanin OpenAI ya yi niyyar kashe dala biliyan 1 "cikin shekaru biyar, kuma wataƙila cikin sauri". Altman ya bayyana cewa ko da dala biliyan ɗaya na iya zama bai isa ba, kuma a ƙarshe dakin gwaje-gwaje na iya buƙatar "ƙarin jari fiye da kowace ƙungiya mai zaman kanta da ta taɓa tara" don cimma fasahar kere-kere ta wucin gadi (AGI).

Sakin ChatGPT

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A watan Disamba na 2022, OpenAI ta sami labarin kafofin watsa labarai bayan ta ƙaddamar da samfoti kyauta na ChatGPT, sabon chatbot na AI wanda ya dogara da GPT-3.5 . A cewar OpenAI, an sami sama da rajista miliyan ɗaya a cikin kwanaki biyar na farko. A cewar majiyoyin da ba a san ko su waye ba da Reuters ta ambato a watan Disamba na 2022, OpenAI Global, LLC tana hasashen samun dala miliyan 200 na kudaden shiga a shekarar 2023 da kuma dala biliyan 1 na kudaden shiga a shekarar 2024.

An nuna kaso na manya a Amurka da suka taɓa amfani da ChatGPT, a cewar Pew Research . Ya zuwa watan Maris na 2025, kashi 58% na waɗanda ba su kai shekara 30 ba sun yi amfani da chatbot.

Altman ya bayar da shaida a gaban Kwamitin Shari'a na Majalisar Dattawa kan Sirri, Fasaha da Doka a ranar 16 ga Mayu, 2023, game da batutuwan kula da AI. Bayan nasarar ChatGPT, Altman ya yi rangadin duniya a watan Mayun 2023, inda ya ziyarci ƙasashe 22 kuma ya gana da shugabanni da jami'an diflomasiyya da dama, ciki har da Firayim Ministan Burtaniya Rishi Sunak, Shugaban Faransa Emmanuel Macron, Firayim Ministan Spain Pedro Sánchez, Shugaban gwamnatin Jamus Olaf Scholz, Firayim Ministan Indiya Narendra Modi, Shugaban Koriya ta Kudu Yoon Suk-yeol, Shugaban Isra'ila Isaac Herzog, da Shugaban Hukumar Turai Ursula von der Leyen . [4] Mujallar Time ta sanya sunan Altman a cikin mutane 100 mafi tasiri a duniya . Altman ya bayyana cewa zama shugaban kamfanin yana da daɗi har sai da aka fitar da ChatGPT; daga nan sai shawarwarin suka ƙara wahala. [8]

Altman a TED a 2025

Fitowar kamfanin fasahar kere-kere na kasar Sin DeepSeek ya sa manyan kamfanonin fasaha na kasar Sin suka rungumi dabarun bude hanyar sadarwa, wanda hakan ya kara tsananta gogayya da OpenAI. Altman ya amince da rashin tabbas game da amincewar gwamnatin Amurka ga hadin gwiwar fasahar kere-kere da kasar Sin, amma ya jaddada muhimmancin karfafa tattaunawa tsakanin shugabannin fasaha a kasashen biyu.

Cirewa da kuma dawo da mukamin Shugaba na OpenAI

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A ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 2023, kwamitin gudanarwa na OpenAI, wanda ya ƙunshi mai bincike Helen Toner, Shugabar Quora Adam D'Angelo, mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a ta AI Tasha McCauley, kuma mafi mahimmanci a cikin korar, wanda ya kafa OpenAI kuma babbar masanin kimiyya Ilya Sutskever, ya sanar da cewa sun yanke shawarar cire Altman a matsayin Shugaba da Greg Brockman daga kwamitin gudanarwa, waɗanda dukkansu suka kafa. Sanarwar ta ambaci cewa Altman "bai kasance mai gaskiya a cikin harkokinsa ba". [1] [48] A martanin da ya mayar, Brockman ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa na Shugaban OpenAI. [49] A cewar jaridar The New Yorker, Altman ya koma gidansa ya kuma yi aiki tare da mai ba da shawara Chris Lehane, babban jami'in Airbnb Brian Chesky, da kuma ƙungiyar ma'aikata don aiwatar da dabarun dawo da shi bakin aiki. [8] Altman ya bayyana cewa tawagarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan lalata sunan shugaban riƙon ƙwarya Mira Murati. [8] Kwana bayan an cire Altman, kwamitin gudanarwa ya tattauna batun dawo da shi OpenAI.

A ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 2023, Shugaban Kamfanin Microsoft Satya Nadella ya sanar da cewa Altman zai shiga Microsoft don jagorantar sabuwar ƙungiyar bincike ta AI mai ci gaba. [50] Kwanaki biyu bayan haka, ma'aikatan OpenAI sun buga wata wasiƙa a buɗe ga hukumar tana barazanar barin OpenAI su shiga Microsoft, inda aka yi wa dukkan ma'aikata alƙawarin aiki, sai dai idan dukkan membobin hukumar suka sauka suka dawo da Altman a matsayin Shugaba. Ma'aikata 505 ne suka fara sanya hannu, wanda daga baya ya karu zuwa sama da ma'aikata 700 daga cikin jimillar ma'aikata 770. [51] Wannan ya haɗa da Ilya Sutskever, wacce da farko ta yi kira da a kori Altman, amma daga baya ta bayyana a shafin Twitter cewa "Ina nadamar shiga cikin ayyukan hukumar." A ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, kwamitin ya cimma yarjejeniya inda yawancin membobin kwamitin da ke akwai suka fice, aka shirya gudanar da bincike mai zaman kansa kan halayen Altman kuma Altman da Brockman suka koma kan ayyukansu. [8] [52] A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2023, bayan ci gaba da tattaunawa, Altman da Brockman sun koma kamfanin. D'Angelo ya ci gaba da kasancewa a kwamitin gudanarwa kuma Bret Taylor (a matsayin shugaba) da Lawrence Summers sun haɗu da shi. Brockman ya ɗauki hutun hutu daga watan Agusta na 2024 zuwa Nuwamba na 2024. [53]

A watan Mayun 2024, bayan an fallasa yarjejeniyar rashin nuna bambanci ta OpenAI, an zargi Altman da yin ƙarya lokacin da ya yi iƙirarin cewa bai san da tanadin soke hannun jari ga ma'aikatan da suka bar aiki ba waɗanda ba su sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar ba. [54] Haka kuma a watan Mayu, tsohuwar mamba a kwamitin gudanarwa Helen Toner ta bayyana dalilin da ya sa hukumar ta kori Altman a watan Nuwamba na 2023. Ta bayyana cewa Altman ya ɓoye bayanai, misali ta hanyar rashin sanar da hukumar kafin a saki ChatGPT da kuma rashin bayyana mallakar asusun farawa na OpenAI. Ta kuma yi zargin cewa wasu manyan jami'ai biyu a OpenAI sun bayar da rahoton " cin zarafin tunani " daga Altman, kuma sun bayar da hotunan kariyar kwamfuta da takardu don tallafawa ikirarinsu. Ta ce ma'aikata da yawa suna jin tsoron ɗaukar fansa idan ba su goyi bayan Altman ba, kuma lokacin da Altman yake shugaban kamfanin Loopt, ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta nemi a kore shi sau biyu saboda abin da suka kira "halayen yaudara da rudani". [55] [56]

A ranar 2 ga Satumba, 2026, Altman ya yi jawabi a taron ministocin kirkire-kirkire na G20 da ke Chapel Hill, North Carolina, inda ya yi kira ga ƙasashe da su rungumi fasahar zamani ta AI, yana mai bayyana amfani da ita a matsayin "ba za a iya yin shawarwari ba" saboda fa'idodin tattalin arziki da zamantakewa da ke tattare da ita. Ya kwatanta muhimmancin rungumar fasahar zamani ta AI da rungumar wutar lantarki fiye da ƙarni ɗaya da ya gabata. Altman ya kuma yi gargadin cewa rashin isasshen matakan tsaro na tsaro na iya haifar da manyan matsaloli da kuma kawo cikas ga ci gaban fasahar AI. [57]

Shari'ar Elon Musk

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A ranar 27 ga Afrilu, 2026, an fara zaɓen alkalai a ƙarar da Elon Musk, wanda ya kafa OpenAI, ya shigar a kan OpenAI da shugabanninta na yanzu, ciki har da Altman. [58] A ranar 28 ga Afrilu, 2026, an fara gabatar da shaidar shari'a, inda Elon Musk ya fara bayar da shaidarsa a kan Altman da OpenAI. A ranar 30 ga Afrilu, 2026, Musk zai shiga rana ta uku ta shaidarsa. Daga ƙarshe Musk ya sha kaye a shari'ar, inda alkalan suka amince cewa ya jira na dogon lokaci kafin ya shigar da ƙara a kan Altman da OpenAI. [59]

Shiga cikin siyasa

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Firayim Ministan Burtaniya na wancan lokacin Rishi Sunak da Sakataren Fasaha Chloe Smith sun gana da Demis Hassabis (Shugaba na DeepMind ), Dario Amodei (Shugaba na Anthropic ), da Altman (Shugaba na OpenAI) a watan Mayu na 2023.

Altman ya yi tunanin tsayawa takarar gwamnan California a zaben 2018, amma daga baya ya yanke shawarar kin shiga. [60] A shekarar 2018, Altman ya sanar da "Ƙungiyar Hadin Kan Ƙasa", wani aikin siyasa don inganta manufofin gidaje da kiwon lafiya na Amurka. [61] A shekarar 2019, Altman ya gudanar da wani taron tara kuɗi a gidansa da ke San Francisco don ɗan takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar Democrat a shekarar 2020 kuma ɗan kasuwan fasaha Andrew Yang . [62] A watan Mayun 2020, Altman ya bayar da gudummawar dala 250,000 ga American Bridge 21st Century, wani babban PAC wanda ke goyon bayan dan takarar shugaban kasa na jam'iyyar Democrat Joe Biden . [63]

Altman yana tallafawa samun kudin shiga na yau da kullun (UBI). A shekarar 2021, ya buga wani rubutu a shafin yanar gizo mai taken "Dokar Moore don Komai", wanda ya bayyana imaninsa cewa cikin shekaru goma, AI za ta iya samar da isasshen darajar da za ta samar da kudin UBI na dala $13,500 a kowace shekara ga kowane babba a Amurka. [64] A shekarar 2024, ya ba da shawarar wani sabon nau'in UBI mai suna "universal basic computing" don bai wa kowa "yanki" na ƙarfin kwamfuta na ChatGPT. [65] A shekarar 2023, Altman ya shiga cikin batun ƙara wa wakili Dean Phillips ƙarfi yayin da yake shirya ƙalubale ga Shugaba Joe Biden don takarar ɗan takarar jam'iyyar Democrat . [66] [67] A ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 2024, zaɓaɓɓen Magajin Garin San Francisco, Daniel Lurie, ya naɗa shi cikin tawagarsa ta miƙa mulki. [68] A watan Disamba na 2024, Altman ya bayar da gudummawar dala miliyan 1 ga Asusun Bikin Rantsarwa na Shugaba Donald Trump . Altman ya shirya wani taron tara kuɗi a San Francisco a ranar 20 ga Maris, 2025, ga Sanata Mark Warner, ɗan jam'iyyar Democrat da ke neman sake tsayawa takara a 2026 a Virginia. [66]

A ranar 4 ga Yuli, 2025, Altman ya ce ya yi imani da " fasahar jari-hujja " kuma ya sami kansa yana ƙara zama "marasa matsuguni a siyasance," yana sukar Jam'iyyar Democrat saboda rashin ƙarfafa "al'adar kirkire-kirkire da kasuwanci". [69] A watan Satumba na 2025, Tucker Carlson ya yi wa Altman hira. Hirar ta tabo mutuwar tsohon mai bincike na OpenAI Suchir Balaji da kuma daidaiton ɗabi'a na AI. [70] [71]

Rayuwa ta sirri

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Altman ya kasance mai cin ganyayyaki tun yana ƙarami. [72] Shi ɗan luwaɗi ne, wanda ya fara bayyana a lokacin yana ɗan shekara 17 a makarantar sakandare, inda ya yi magana bayan da wasu ɗalibai suka yi adawa da mai magana da yawun National Outcoming Day . [4] Ya shafe shekaru tara yana soyayya da Nick Sivo, wanda ya kafa Loopt . Sun rabu jim kaɗan bayan an sayi kamfanin a shekarar 2012. [73]

A cewar Keach Hagey, Altman ya haɗu da mijinta na gaba Oliver Mulherin "a cikin ruwan zafi na Peter Thiel da ƙarfe 3 na safe" a shekarar 2015. Mulherin ɗalibi ne a fannin kimiyyar kwamfuta a Jami'ar Melbourne a lokacin, daga baya kuma ya zama injiniya. Ya yi aiki a kan ayyukan AI a Ostiraliya kafin ya koma Amurka don yin aiki a kamfanin SPARK Neuro na gano cutar hauka . [2] Altman ya auri Mulherin a watan Janairun 2024 [74] a gidansu da ke Hawaii ; [75] ma'auratan kuma suna zaune a Russian Hill, San Francisco kuma galibi suna yin ƙarshen mako a Napa, California . Ma'auratan suna da ɗa, wanda aka haifa a shekarar 2025 ta hanyar haihuwa. [76] [77]

Altman da Mulherin sun kuduri aniyar bayar da mafi yawan dukiyarsu ta hanyar sanya hannu kan Alƙawarin Ba da Gudummawa a watan Mayu na 2024. Altman yana jin daɗin shiryawa kuma ya ce a shekarar 2016, "Ina da bindigogi, zinare, potassium iodide, maganin rigakafi, batura, ruwa, abin rufe fuska na iskar gas daga Rundunar Tsaron Isra'ila, da kuma wani babban yanki a Big Sur da zan iya tashi zuwa."

A watan Janairun 2025, 'yar'uwar Altman Ann Altman ta shigar da ƙara tana zargin cin zarafin mata da Altman ya yi a Kotun Gundumar Amurka ta Gundumar Gabashin Missouri da ke St. Louis . Karar ta yi zargin cewa cin zarafin ya fara ne lokacin da Ann ke da shekaru 3 kuma Sam tana da shekaru 12, kuma ta ci gaba "sau da yawa a mako" tsakanin 1997 da 2006. [78] A cewar Ann, an rasa tunanin cin zarafi amma an dawo da shi ta hanyar tunawa da abubuwan da suka faru a lokacin girmarta. [8] Karar ta nemi a yi shari'ar alkalai da kuma diyya da ta wuce dala $75,000. [78] Sam Altman, tare da mahaifiyarsa Connie da ƙannensa Max da Jack, sun fitar da wata sanarwa ta haɗin gwiwa da ke musanta zarge-zargen tare da ikirarin cewa Ann tana da tabin hankali kuma "tana ci gaba da neman kuɗi daga gare mu" duk da cewa iyalan Altman suna ba ta tallafin kuɗi. [79]

Altman ya yi aiki a kwamitin gudanarwa na kamfanonin SPAC guda uku da ke Hong Kong da Singapore masu suna Bridgetown (wanda Thiel Capital da Richard Li suka dauki nauyin daukar nauyinsa na Pacific Century) tare da Matt Danzeisen, shugaban SPACs kuma matar Thiel. [80] [81] Kamar Danzeisen, an ambaci Altman a matsayin aboki a cikin da'irar Thiel ta BuzzFeed News a cikin 2017. Ya gode wa Danzeisen saboda gudummawar da ya bayar ga rubuce-rubucensa kan ci gaban fasahar kere-kere ta AI da China. [82] A wani bikin ranar haihuwa da Thiel ya shirya wa Danzeisen ("a wani maraice mai zafi a tsakiyar Nuwamba" a 2023), Thiel ya gargaɗi Altman cewa rabin waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin Altman a OpenAI, waɗanda ake zargin Eliezer Yudkowsky ne ya "shirya" su, suna son cire Altman. [2]

A ranar 10 ga Afrilu, 2026, an kama wani mutum mai shekaru 20 daga The Woodlands, Texas, bisa zargin jefa wani hadaddiyar giyar Molotov a ƙofar gidan Altman da ke San Francisco tare da kunna wuta. Altman bai ji rauni ba. A cikin wani rubutu a shafin yanar gizo, ba tare da wata alama a bainar jama'a game da wani dalili daga 'yan sanda ba, Altman ya yi ƙoƙarin haɗa matakin da adawa da fasahar kere-kere kuma ya ambaci "wani labari mai tayar da hankali da aka rubuta game da ni 'yan kwanaki da suka gabata", da alama yana nufin binciken da Ronan Farrow da Andrew Marantz suka yi a New Yorker . Ya kuma yi kira da a "rage tashin hankali" a muhawarar da ake yi game da AI. Magajin Garin San Francisco, Daniel Lurie, ya nuna adawa da harin, kuma duk da cewa wasu rubuce-rubucen kafofin sada zumunta daga masu adawa da AI sun amince da harin, ƙungiyoyin masu fafutuka, kamar Stop AI, sun yi Allah wadai da shi. Bayan kwana biyu, an harba bindiga a gida ɗaya daga wani mutum a cikin mota. [83] 'Yan sanda sun kama mutane biyu dangane da harbin. [84]

Altman ya bayyana abubuwan da ya fuskanta da magungunan psychedelic . [85] [86] [87] Ya ce waɗannan abubuwan sun canza shi, sun canza shi daga wanda a da yake "mutum mai matuƙar damuwa, marar farin ciki" zuwa jin kamar "mutum mai nutsuwa yanzu". [85] [86] [87] Altman shine shugaban kamfanin hada magunguna na psychedelic pharmaceuticals Journey Colab, wanda ke haɓaka psychedelics kamar mescaline (JOUR-5700) don amfanin likita. [88] [89] [87]

Ƙarin karatu

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Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Manazarta

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  1. 1 2 "OpenAI announces leadership transition". openai.com. Archived from the original on November 17, 2023. Retrieved November 17, 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Hagey 2025.
  3. ↑ Chapman, Glenn; Bachner, Michael; Magid, Jacob; Ben-David, Ricky; Schneider, Tal; Magid, Jacob; Bachner, Michael; Sharon, Jeremy (May 17, 2023). "Sam Altman: The quick, deep thinker leading OpenAI". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on June 1, 2023. Retrieved November 24, 2023.
  4. 1 2 3 Weil, Elizabeth (September 25, 2023). "Sam Altman Is the Oppenheimer of Our Age". Intelligencer (in Turanci). Retrieved December 12, 2023.
  5. ↑ Junod, Tom (December 18, 2014). "How Venture Capitalists Find Opportunities in the Future". Esquire. Archived from the original on December 20, 2015. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  6. ↑ "People". Y Combinator. Archived from the original on June 25, 2014. Retrieved December 15, 2015. Invalid |url-status=deviated (help)
  7. ↑ Ankeny, Jason (April 25, 2015). "Meet Y Combinator's Bold Whiz Kid Boss". Entrepreneur. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Farrow, Ronan; Marantz, Andrew (April 13, 2026). "Sam Altman May Control Our Future—Can He Be Trusted?". The New Yorker. pp. 32–51. ISSN 0028-792X. Archived from the original on April 8, 2026. Retrieved April 8, 2026.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  9. 1 2 3 4 Seetharaman, Deepa (December 24, 2023). "Sam Altman's Knack for Dodging Bullets—With a Little Help From Bigshot Friends". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved June 13, 2025.
  10. 1 2 Clark, Kate (March 8, 2019). "Y Combinator president Sam Altman is stepping down amid a series of changes at the accelerator". TechCrunch (in Turanci). Archived from the original on October 28, 2020. Retrieved March 18, 2019.
  11. ↑ Altman, Sam (September 13, 2016). "YC Changes". Y Combinator. Archived from the original on November 7, 2016. Retrieved November 7, 2016.
  12. ↑ Bloomberg, Sara (April 15, 2024). "Sam Altman is not on YC's board. So why claim to be its chair?". Biz Journals. Retrieved June 13, 2025.
  13. ↑ Loizos, Connie (March 9, 2019). "Did Sam Altman make YC better or worse?". TechCrunch (in Turanci). Retrieved February 3, 2020.
  14. ↑ "Updates from YC". Archived from the original on March 16, 2019.
  15. ↑ Hagey, Berber Jin, Tom Dotan and Keach (June 3, 2024). "The Opaque Investment Empire Making OpenAI's Sam Altman Rich". WSJ (in Turanci). Retrieved May 1, 2025.
  16. ↑ Hydrazine Capital GP, LLC (February 14, 2023). "Form ADV - Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration and Report by Exempt Reporting Advisers" (PDF). Securities and Exchange Commission. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 27, 2023. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
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  18. ↑ "Participants 2022". www.bilderbergmeetings.org. Archived from the original on May 25, 2023. Retrieved May 25, 2023.
  19. ↑ Gilchrist, Karen (May 18, 2023). "A secretive annual meeting attended by the world's elite has A.I. top of the agenda". CNBC. Archived from the original on May 23, 2023. Retrieved May 25, 2023.
  20. 1 2 "Sam Altman invested $180 million into a company trying to delay death". MIT Technology Review (in Turanci). Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  21. ↑ Herper, Matthew (June 16, 2020). "Teaming tech and pharma, effort seeks to speed Covid-19 clinical trials". Stat (in Turanci). Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 17, 2020.
  22. ↑ Krystal, Hu; Tong, Anna; Jeffrey, Dastin (March 12, 2023). "Tech execs race to save startups from 'extinction' after SVB collapse". Reuters. Archived from the original on March 12, 2023. Retrieved March 12, 2023.
  23. ↑ Ropek, Lucas (December 27, 2024). "Worst New Trend of 2024: Techno-Colonialism and the Network State Movement". Gizmodo (in Turanci). Retrieved March 26, 2025.
  24. ↑ Robertson, Adi (July 10, 2015). "Interim Reddit CEO Ellen Pao replaced by company co-founder Steve Huffman". The Verge (in Turanci). Retrieved May 1, 2025.
  25. 1 2 Robison, Kyle (February 22, 2024). "Sam Altman is set to be one of the biggest winners in Reddit's IPO, with a stake that could be worth $435 million". Fortune.
  26. ↑ Novet, Jordan (February 22, 2024). "OpenAI CEO Sam Altman stands to net millions as Reddit goes public". CNBC. Archived from the original on March 12, 2024.
  27. ↑ Hart, Robert (July 24, 2023). "What Is Worldcoin? Here's What To Know About The Eyeball-Scanning Crypto Project Launched By OpenAI's Sam Altman". Forbes (in Turanci). Archived from the original on July 25, 2023. Retrieved November 25, 2023.
  28. ↑ Nieva, Richard; Sethi, Aman (April 21, 2022). "Worldcoin Promised Free Crypto If They Scanned Their Eyeballs With "The Orb." Now They Feel Robbed". BuzzFeed News (in Turanci). Retrieved November 25, 2023.
  29. ↑ Guo, Eileen; Renaldi, Adi (April 6, 2022). "Deception, exploited workers, and cash handouts: How Worldcoin recruited its first half a million test users". MIT Technology Review (in Turanci). Retrieved November 25, 2023.
  30. 1 2 Hammond, George; Chipolina, Scott (July 24, 2023). "Ready for your eye scan? Worldcoin launches—but not quite worldwide". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on August 7, 2024. Retrieved November 21, 2023.
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  32. ↑ Currie, Richard (May 16, 2023). "Sam Altman rattles tin for Worldcoin crypto startup". The Register. Archived from the original on June 21, 2023. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
  33. ↑ Hiller, Jennifer (April 23, 2023). "Tech Billionaires Bet on Fusion as Holy Grail for Business". Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on April 23, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
  34. ↑ Mui, Christine (January 22, 2024). "Silicon Valley's crush on fusion". Politico. Archived from the original on April 1, 2024.
  35. ↑ Ramkumar, Amrith (April 22, 2024). "Exclusive | Sam Altman Invests in Energy Startup Focused on AI Data Centers". WSJ (in Turanci). Retrieved May 8, 2025.
  36. ↑ "AltC Acquisition Corp - Sam Altman". AltC Acquisition Corp (in Turanci). Archived from the original on May 5, 2024. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
  37. ↑ Field, Hayden; Sigalos, MacKenzie (May 10, 2024). "Sam Altman's nuclear energy company Oklo plunges 54% in NYSE debut". CNBC. Archived from the original on May 17, 2024.
  38. ↑ Hamilton, Katherine (April 22, 2025). "OpenAI CEO Sam Altman to Resign as Oklo Chairman". WSJ (in Turanci). Retrieved April 28, 2025.
  39. ↑ Olanoff, Drew (December 11, 2015). "Artificial Intelligence Nonprofit OpenAI Launches With Backing From Elon Musk And Sam Altman". TechCrunch (in Turanci). Archived from the original on October 20, 2022. Retrieved October 20, 2022.
  40. ↑ "Our structure". OpenAI. June 28, 2023. Archived from the original on July 29, 2023.
  41. ↑ Harris, Mark. "Elon Musk used to say he put $100M in OpenAI, but now it's $50M: Here are the receipts". TechCrunch.
  42. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  43. ↑ Vincent, James (February 21, 2018). "Elon Musk leaves board of AI safety group to avoid conflict of interest with Tesla". The Verge. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
  44. ↑ Vipers, Gareth (March 1, 2024). "Elon Musk Sues OpenAI, Sam Altman, Saying They Abandoned Founding Mission". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
  45. ↑ "OpenAI and Elon Musk". Open AI. March 5, 2024. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
  46. ↑ Singh, Manish (March 6, 2024). "OpenAI says Musk only ever contributed $45 million, wanted to merge with Tesla or take control". TechCrunch. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
  47. ↑ "OpenAI LP". openai.com. Archived from the original on March 11, 2019.
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  49. ↑ Peters, Jay (November 17, 2023). "Sam Altman fired as CEO of OpenAI". The Verge (in Turanci). Archived from the original on November 17, 2023. Retrieved November 17, 2023.
  50. ↑ "Microsoft CEO says Sam Altman will be joining Microsoft". Reuters. November 20, 2023. Archived from the original on November 20, 2023. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  51. ↑ Warren, Tom (November 20, 2023). "Hundreds of OpenAI employees threaten to resign and join Microsoft". The Verge (in Turanci). Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  52. ↑ Heath, Alex (November 22, 2023). "Sam Altman to return as CEO of OpenAI". The Verge (in Turanci). Retrieved December 6, 2023.
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  55. ↑ Lawler, Richard (May 29, 2024). "Former OpenAI board member explains why they fired Sam Altman". The Verge (in Turanci). Retrieved May 30, 2024.
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  62. ↑ Russell, Melia (November 14, 2019). "Andrew Yang preached his tech-friendly gospel at Sam Altman's San Francisco house: You can't treat tech like oil companies and breaking up Amazon won't bring malls back". Business Insider. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved June 30, 2020.
  63. ↑ Tindera, Michela (May 22, 2020). "Silicon Valley's Sam Altman Gave $250,000 To Democratic Super-PAC Supporting Biden". Forbes (in Turanci). Archived from the original on July 3, 2020. Retrieved June 30, 2020.
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  66. 1 2 Schleifer, Theodore (March 5, 2025). "OpenAI's C.E.O. Returns to Political Fund-Raising". The New York Times. Retrieved March 5, 2025.
  67. ↑ Freedlander, David (January 18, 2024). "Dean Phillips Met Sam Altman, Then Got Awfully Interested in AI". New York Magazine. Retrieved March 5, 2025.
  68. ↑ "Daniel Lurie Names OpenAI CEO Sam Altman to His Mayoral Transition Team". SFist (in Turanci). November 18, 2024. Archived from the original on November 18, 2024. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
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  71. ↑ "'I have been accused of murder': Sam Altman responds as Tucker Carlson grills him over Indian-origin OpenAI whistleblower Suchir Balaji's death". The Indian Express (in Turanci). 11 September 2025. Retrieved 16 June 2026.
  72. ↑ "Fireside Chat with Sam Altman". Rescale. February 24, 2020. Archived from the original on August 3, 2022. Retrieved August 3, 2022.
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  74. ↑ Russell, Melia; Kay, Grace. "OpenAI CEO Sam Altman just got married". Business Insider (in Turanci). Retrieved January 11, 2024.
  75. ↑ Le, Linh. "OpenAI's Sam Altman ties knot with same-sex partner on $43M Hawaii estate". VN Express.
  76. ↑ Smith, Dave. "Sam Altman says colleagues are glad he's a dad now, because they think raising a child will help him make 'better decisions for humanity'". Fortune (in Turanci). Retrieved 2026-06-11.
  77. ↑ Ahlgrim, Callie. "Sam Altman says his own kids will 'never be smarter than AI'". Business Insider (in Turanci). Retrieved August 2, 2025.
  78. 1 2 Field, Hayden. "OpenAI CEO Sam Altman denies sexual abuse allegations made by his sister in lawsuit". CNBC. Retrieved January 7, 2025.
  79. ↑ @sama. "My sister has filed a lawsuit against me. Here is a statement from my mom, brothers, and me" (Tweet). Retrieved January 9, 2025 – via Twitter.
  80. ↑ "PROSPECTUS FILED PURSUANT TO RULE 424(B)(4) REGISTRATION NO. 333-251860 $260,000,000 Bridgetown 2 Holdings Limited". www.sec.gov. Retrieved 22 November 2025.
  81. ↑ "Form S-1 REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 Bridgetown 3 Holdings Limited". www.sec.gov. Retrieved 22 November 2025.
  82. ↑ "China". Sam Altman. Retrieved 22 November 2025.
  83. ↑ "Sam Altman's home targeted in second attack". sfstandard.com (in Turanci). 2026-04-12. Retrieved 2026-04-12.
  84. ↑ "SFPD investigates apparent shooting near OpenAI CEO Sam Altman's home". Yahoo News (in Turanci). 2026-04-13. Retrieved 2026-04-13.
  85. 1 2 Berger, Chloe (25 September 2024). "Sam Altman discusses life-changing psychedelics experience". Fortune. Retrieved 7 May 2026.
  86. 1 2 Altchek, Ana (24 September 2024). "Sam Altman says doing psychedelics during a weekend retreat in Mexico changed his life". Business Insider. Retrieved 7 May 2026.
  87. 1 2 3 Robinson, Randy (21 October 2024). "Open AI's Sam Altman Is Jumping Into Psychedelics. But Do We Need Him?". DoubleBlind Mag. Retrieved 7 May 2026.
  88. ↑ Gilbert, Daniel (22 April 2023). "Executive behind ChatGPT pushes for a new revolution: Psychedelics". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 May 2026.
  89. ↑ Idrus, Amirah Al (26 October 2020). "Journey Colab bags $3M from 'moonshot' fund to push new development model for psychedelic treatments". Fierce Biotech. Retrieved 7 May 2026.
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