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Samun damar samun bayanan jama'a a Turkiyya

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Samun damar samun bayanan jama'a a Turkiyya
aspect in a geographic region (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na Yancin Bayanai
Fuskar Q126912112 Fassara
Ƙasa Turkiyya

Samun damar yin amfani da bayanan jama'a da 'yancin yin bayani (FOI) suna nufin haƙƙin samun damar samun bayanan da hukumomin jama'a ke riƙe kuma aka sani daƴancin sani". Ana ɗaukar damar samun bayanan jama'a da mahimmancin mahimmanci don ingantaccen aiki na tsarin dimokuradiyya, saboda yana haɓaka lissafin gwamnatoci da jami'an jama'a, haɓaka sa hannun mutane da ba da damar shigarsu cikin ilimin rayuwar jama'a. Babban jigo na ‘yancin samun bayanan jama’a shi ne cewa bayanan da hukumomin gwamnati suke da shi a bisa ka’ida na jama’a ne kuma ana iya boye su ne kawai bisa dalilai na halal da ya kamata a yi bayani dalla-dalla a cikin doka.[1]

Babu takamaiman haƙƙin samun bayanai da aka sanya a cikin Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Turkiyya na 1982 wanda a cikin sashi na 26 a maimakon haka yana nufin 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki, gami da 'yancin karɓar bayanai. A cikin Kundin Tsarin Mulki na 2001 da aka yi wa kwaskwarima, doka ta 74 ta yi magana musamman game da ‘yancin samun bayanai da ke tabbatar da cewa kowa na da ‘yancin samun bayanai. Bayan gyare-gyaren Kundin Tsarin Mulki na 2010, an kuma bayar da haƙƙin daukaka kara zuwa ga Ombudsperson.[2][3] Dokar Haƙƙin Bayani, Dokar No: 4982 ta 2004 ce ke tsara damar samun bayanan jama'a. An gabatar da wannan doka a cikin tsarin shawarwarin shiga Tarayyar Turai.[4]

A ranar 21 ga Satumba, 2016, Kwamitin Gudanarwa na Budaddiyar Gwamnati (OGP) ya zayyana matsayin Turkiyya na rashin aiki dangane da shirin OGP wanda ya hada da, tare da wasu manufofi, inganta yiwuwar samun damar samun bayanan jama'a ga 'yan kasar Turkiyya. Kwamitin gudanarwar ya gano cewa gwamnatin Turkiyya ta yi aiki sabanin tsarin OGP na zagayowar shirin ayyuka guda biyu a jere.[5]

Tsarin Shari'a

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Baya ga Dokar A'a: 4982, a cikin 2004 an zartar da wata da'ira ta Firayim Minista game da "Aikin haƙƙin koke da samun damar bayanai" (Da'ira No. 25356). Yana bayyana tushen wannan manufar a cikin ƙa'idar da ake kira "hanyar ci gaban jama'a a cikin ayyukan jama'a"

Bisa ga Dokar No: 4982, dokar ta shafi duk wani mutum na halitta da na shari'a wanda ya cancanci yin amfani da cibiyoyi ta hanyar amfani da 'yancin samun bayanai. Mazauna kasashen waje za su iya amfani da hakki "bisa sharadin cewa bayanin da suke bukata yana da alaka da su ko kuma fagen ayyukansu da kuma bisa ka'idar daidaitawa"[6]

Dokar ta shafi "kowane rubutattun fayil, bugu ko kwafi, takarda, littafi, mujalla, kasida, etude, wasiƙa, software, koyarwa, zane, tsari, fim, hoto, kaset da kaset na bidiyo, taswirar cibiyoyi da bayanai, labarai da sauran bayanan da aka yi rikodin kuma an adana su cikin tsarin lantarki waɗanda ke cikin iyakokin (dokar) doka".

Ana buƙatar hukumomin gwamnati su mayar da martani cikin kwanaki 15 na aiki. Dole ne su ba da ko dai kwafin takaddun ko kuma lokacin da ba zai yiwu a yi kwafin ba, masu neman za su iya bincika su a cibiyar.[7]

Da farko, Majalisar Haƙƙin Haƙƙin Bayani (Bita) (Bilgi Edinme Değerlendirme Kurulu-BEDK) ta ba da cikakkun bayanai game da ayyukanta da yanke shawara. Ya fara buga duk bayanan akan shawararsa kawai a cikin 2008 tare da ƙaddamar da gidan yanar gizon sa. Hukuncin BEDK kan kararrakin da aka yi na hana buƙatun bayanai an iyakance shi ne ga shari'o'in da suka shafi tsaron ƙasa da muradun tattalin arzikin ƙasa. A cikin Nuwamba 2005, an gyara Dokar don ba da damar kowane irin daukaka kara. Dangane da rahoton ci gaban EC na shekara ta 2016, hukumar nazarin hanyoyin samun bayanai ta yi tasiri a matsayinta na yin bitar roko da kuma buga hukunce-hukuncen da suka shafi kan layi. Har ila yau, rahoton ya lura cewa, duk da haka, babu tabbacin inganci a cikin martanin da aka bai wa masu neman.[8]

  1. Freedom of Information, UNESCO. Retrieved 2016-10-16.
  2. Constitution of the Republic of Turkey" (PDF). global.tbmm.gov.tr. Retrieved March 6, 2017
  3. "Commercial laws of Turkey. An assessment by the EBRD". European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. May 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2017. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  4. Gülseren, Adaklı (21 February 2017). "Turchia: l'accesso alle informazioni ai tempi di Erdoğan". balcanicaucaso.org (in Italian). Osservatorio Balcani Caucaso Transeuropa / Bianet. Retrieved 21 February 2017.
  5. "Turkey made inactive in the Open Government Partnership". opengovpartnership.org. Open Government Partnership Initiative. Archived from the original on April 8, 2017. Retrieved March 6, 2017
  6. Akdeniz, Yaman. "Freedom of Information in Turkey: A Critical Assessment of the Implementation and Application of the Turkish Right to Information Act 2003" (PDF). bilgiedinmehakki.org. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
  7. Legislation on the right to information" (PDF). Prime Ministry. The Review Board of Access to Information. 1 December 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-16. Retrieved 14 February 2017. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  8. Turkey 2016 Report" (PDF). European Commission. 9 November 2016. Retrieved 14 February 2017. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)