Sansanin Tattarawa na Tarrafal
Sansanin Tattarawa na Tarrafal
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Don Ikklesiya a tsibirin Santiago, duba Tarrafal, Cape Verde. Don Ikklesiya a tsibirin São Nicolau, duba Tarrafal (São Nicolau). Tarrafal taro sansanin
Ciki na sansanin taro MapWikimedia | © OpenStreetMap Location Cape Verde, Santiago, Chão Bom Yana daidaitawa 15°15′51″N 23°44′38″W Matsayin Rufe, an rikide zuwa "Resistance Museum" Matsakaicin ajin tsaro An buɗe Afrilu shekara ta 23, 1936 An rufe ranar 1 ga watan Mayu, shekarar alif 1974 PVDE ke sarrafa shi, PIDE[1] Tarrafal wani sansanin taro ne da ke ƙauyen Chão Bom, a cikin Municipality na Tarrafal, a tsibirin Santiago a Cape Verde.
An kafa shi a shekarar alif 1936, a lokacin tsarin sake tsara tsarin gidan kurkukun Estado Novo na Portuguese, tare da manufar ɗaure fursunonin siyasa da zamantakewa. An zabi wurin da dabaru da dabaru, duka don kasancewa mai nisa don kada shaida ta fito fili, da kuma yanayin yanayi mara kyau, da karancin ruwan sha, da sauro da yawa a lokacin damina, wanda ke saukaka bayyanar cututtuka. Babban makasudinsa shi ne a zahiri da tunani don halakar da 'yan Portugal da na Afirka masu adawa da mulkin kama-karya na Salazar, tare da ware su daga sauran duniya cikin yanayin zaman talala, zalunci, da rashin kwanciyar hankali. A akida Tarrafal yana da dalilai guda biyu. Na farko, za a yi amfani da shi don cirewa da kuma ware fursunonin siyasa waɗanda suka tarwatsa gidajen yarin ƙasar ta hanyar zanga-zanga da zaman dirshan. Na biyu, sansanin zai sami yanayi mai tsauri don aikewa da saƙo mai haske ga 'yan adawa a Portugal cewa gwamnatin Salazar ba za ta amince da kowane irin adawar siyasa ba. An bayyana waɗannan manufofin a fili a cikin sakin layi na farko na Dokar-Law No. 26539 (Decreto-Lei n.º 26 539), dokar da aka kafa don gina gidan yarin Tarrafal. Ya bayyana cewa sansanin - wanda zai kasance ƙarƙashin ikon PVDE (Polícia de Vigilância e de Defesa do Estado: 'Yan sandan Sirrin Portugal) - kawai don gudun hijirar fursunonin siyasa da zamantakewa waɗanda suka rushe wasu gidajen yari kuma an ɗauke su a matsayin " cutarwa ga sauran fursunoni.[2]
Sunaye
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ana kiran sansanin "sansanin taro na Tarrafal" kuma ba bisa ka'ida ba a matsayin "Slow Death Camp" ko "Tarrafal Camp" (Portuguese: campo do Tarrafal). Sunan sansanin shine "Cape Verde Penal Colony" a kashi na farko, da "Chão Bom Labor Camp" a karo na biyu. Ana kuma kiransa da “Ƙauyen Mutuwa”, “Swamp of Death”, da kuma “Ƙaunar Rawaya” [3].
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Foundation
An kafa sansanin Tarrafal Concentration a shekarar alif 1936 ta Dokar 26:539 na ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu, shekarar alif 1936, a cikin yanayin sake tsara tsarin Estado Novo na tsarin kurkuku, tare da manufar ɗaure fursunonin siyasa da zamantakewa.[4] [5]An zabi wurin ne da dabara, domin yana da nisa don kada shaida ta zo ga jama'a, kuma saboda yanayin da ba shi da kyau, da karancin ruwan sha, da sauro da yawa a lokacin damina, wanda ke saukaka bayyanar cututtuka da daga ciki. fursunoni da yawa sun mutu [6][7]Ginin ya kasance alhakin Ma'aikatar Ayyukan Jama'a da Sadarwa, kuma Cottinelli Telmo ne ya zana aikin, tare da sunan "Penal Colony na Cape Verde".[8][9]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarrafal_concentration_camp#CITEREFAndringa2011</ref> Cândido de Oliveira ya ce ba a bayyana ainihin manufar ginin ba saboda tsoron ra'ayin jama'ar Portugal da na duniya.[10] Bisa ga "Dossier do Tarrafal" daga Editorial "Avante!", yawancin masu gadi sun kasance membobin PSP da ke da alaƙa da PVDE da Ƙungiyar Portuguese.[11]