Sashe na Tara na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Afirka ta Kudu
 Sashe na Tara na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Afirka ta Kudu | |
|---|---|
article of constitution (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Bangare na | Babi na Biyu na Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Afirka ta Kudu |
Sashe na Tara na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Afirka ta Kudu ya tabbatar da daidaito a gaban doka da 'yanci daga nuna bambanci ga mutanen Afirka ta Kudu. Wannan Hakkin daidaito shine haƙƙin farko da aka jera a cikin Dokar Hakki. Ya haramta nuna bambanci da gwamnati ke yi da kuma nuna bambanci ga masu zaman kansu; duk da haka, yana kuma ba da damar daukar mataki mai kyau don gyara nuna bambanci mara adalci da ya gabata.
Rubutu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A karkashin taken "Daidaitawa", sashe ya ce:
9. (1) Kowa da kowa daidai yake a gaban dokar, kuma yana da hakkin kariya da fa'idar doka iri ɗaya.
(2) Daidaito ya haɗa da jin daɗin duka daidai da dukkan haƙƙoƙi da 'yanci. Don inganta cimma daidaito, za a iya ɗaukar matakan dokoki da wasu matakai don kare ko ci gaban mutanen da suka samu rashin adalci saboda wariya.
(3) Jiha ba ta da ikon nuna wariya kai tsaye ko a kaikaice ga kowa bisa ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin wadannan dalilai: launin fata, jinsi, halin jima'i, ciki, matsayin aure, asalin kabila ko zamantakewa, launi, ɗabi'ar jima'i, shekaru, nakasa, addini, lamiri, imani, al'adu, harshe da haihuwa.
(4) Ba wanda zai nuna wariya kai tsaye ko a kaikaice ga wani bisa ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin dalilai da aka bayyana a sakin layi na (3). Dole ne a kafa dokar ƙasa don hana ko dakile wariyar da ba ta dace ba.
(5) Wariya bisa ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin dalilan da aka jero a sakin layi na (3) ba ta dace ba sai dai idan an tabbatar da cewa wariyar ta dace.
Shahararrun lokuta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Shugaban Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu da Wani v Hugo (1997) - wani yanke shawara na shugaban kasa don aika hukuncin iyaye mata da aka daure tare da yara ƙanana ba nuna bambanci ba ne ga iyayen da ke da irin wannan yanayin.
- Prinsloo v Van der Linde and Another (1997) - dokar da ke sanya nauyin tabbatarwa daban-daban a cikin shari'o'in farar hula da suka shafi gobarar daji ba ta hana daidaitattun kariya daga doka ko adadin nuna bambanci mara adalci ba.
- Larbi-Odam da Sauran v MEC for Education (Lardin Arewa maso Yamma) da Wani (1997) - manufofin gwamnati da ke hana daukar ma'aikata wadanda ba 'yan ƙasa ba a matsayin malamai a makaranta nuna bambanci ne mara adalci.
- Majalisar Birnin Pretoria v Walker (1998) - manufofin karamar hukuma na cajin ma'auni don ruwa da wutar lantarki a yankunan da suka kasance fararen amma fararen kudi a kowane gida a yankunan baƙar fata na baya, tare da tasirin cewa mazaunan yankin fararen suna biyan fararen farashi a matsakaici, ba nuna bambanci ba ne, saboda wuraren da aka bayar ga yankuna daban-daban sun bambanta sosai. Koyaya, manufofin shigar da kara don karɓar biyan kuɗi daga mazaunan yankunan fararen fata, amma ba shigar da kara ga mazauna yankin baƙar fata ba, nuna bambanci ne mara adalci.
- Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Daidaitawar Gay da Lesbian da Wani Ministan Shari'a da Sauran (1998) - aikata laifuka na jima'i na maza da jima'i shine nuna bambanci mara adalci a kan tushen jinsi da yanayin jima'i.
- National Coalition for Gay and Lesbian Equality and Others v Minister of Home Affairs and Others (1999) - dokar shige da fice wacce ke ba da fa'idodi ga ma'aurata masu nuna bambanci bisa ga yanayin jima'i kuma dole ne a kara shi don samar da fa'idodin iri ɗaya ga abokan rayuwa na jinsi ɗaya.
- Hoffmann v South African Airways (2000) - manufofin kamfanin jirgin sama na gwamnati na ƙin hayar mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar kanjamau yayin da masu kula da jirgin sama suka keta haƙƙin daidaito.
- Satchwell v Shugaban Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu da Wani (2002) - fansho da fa'idodin ritaya da aka bayar ga ma'aurata na alƙalai dole ne a ba da su daidai ga abokan rayuwar alƙalai na jinsi ɗaya.
- S v Jordan and Others (2002) - aikata laifuka na jinsi na karuwanci ba ya nuna bambanci ga mata.
- Khosa v Ministan Ci Gaban Jama'a; Mahlaule v Ministan Raya Jama'a (2003) - dole ne a ba da tallafin jin dadin jama'a ga 'yan Afirka ta Kudu ga mazauna dindindin marasa zama; don yin in ba haka ba nuna bambanci ba daidai ba ne.
- Bhe da Sauran v Magistrate, Khayelitsha, da Sauran (2004) - mulkin namiji na fari a cikin Dokar al'ada ta Afirka na gado yana nuna bambanci ba bisa ka'ida ba ga mata da yara ƙanana.
- Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida da Wani v Fourie da Wani (2005) - ƙin auren ma'aurata masu jinsi ɗaya nuna bambanci ne mara adalci bisa ga yanayin jima'i. (Dubi auren jinsi guda a Afirka ta Kudu.)
Haɗin waje
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Dokar 'Yancin - Gwamnatin Afirka ta Kudu
- Kotunan Daidaitawa Archived 2020-10-20 at the Wayback Machine