Sauyin yanayi a Masar
 Sauyin yanayi a Masar | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
climate change by country or territory (en)  | ||||
| Bayanai | ||||
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | canjin yanayi | |||
| Bangare na | Canjin yanayi a Afirka | |||
| Fuskar | canjin yanayi | |||
| Ƙasa | Misra | |||
| Has cause (en) |
Gandun daji, wildfire (en) da Gurɓacewa | |||
| Yana haddasa | zafi | |||
| Wuri | ||||
| ||||
Sauyin yanayi yana haifar da yanayin zafi da bushewar Masar don fuskantar matsalolin muhalli da suka haɗa da matsanancin yanayin zafi, fari, ambaliya, da hawan teku.[1] A matsayin al'umma mai matukar rauni ga canjin yanayi, waɗannan matsananciyar yanayi za su yi tasiri sosai ga rayuwar Masarawa saboda haifar da ƙarancin abinci, ƙarancin ruwa, lafiya da tasirin tattalin arziki.
Masar ta rattaba hannu tare da amincewa da yarjejeniyar Paris, tare da ba da gudummawar da aka ƙaddara ta ƙasa (NDC) wanda ke tsara wuraren da suka fi dacewa a matsayin dorewar noma, albarkatun ruwa, muhalli, makamashi, da sarrafa ƙasa.
Kasar Masar tana arewa maso gabashin nahiyar Afirka. Yawan jama'a ya kai miliyan 102.3 a shekarar 2020 kuma ana hasashen zai karu zuwa miliyan 159.9 nan da shekarar 2050.[2]
Fitar da iskar gas
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Duk da fuskantar wasu mahimman tasirin sauyin yanayi, Masar ba ta kasance farkon mai ba da gudummawar iskar gas da ke haifar da canjin yanayi ba. Dangane da bayanan shekarar 2020 Masar tana da kashi 0.63% na hayaki mai gurbata yanayi na duniya. Duk da haka yanayin yanayin yanayi ya kiyasta fitar da hayaki na 2022 zuwa ton miliyan 440 CO2eq, wanda shine 0.75% na adadin da aka kiyasta a duniya na tan biliyan 58.37.
Tasirin canjin yanayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Zazzabi da canjin yanayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yanayin Masar yana da zafi, bushewa, kuma hamada ta mamaye shi. Masar tana da zafi mai zafi daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba da kuma sanyi mai laushi daga Nuwamba zuwa Afrilu. A cikin hamada, yanayin zafi na lokacin rani na iya zuwa daga sama da 43°C (109°F) da rana zuwa 7°C (45°F) da daddare, kuma yanayin sanyi yakan tashi daga 18°C (64°F) zuwa 0°C (32°F). Tekun ya fi sauƙi tare da yanayin zafi da ke jere daga madaidaicin 30°C (86°F) a cikin hunturu zuwa ƙasan 14°C (57°F) a cikin hunturu.
Daga shekarun 2000-2020, matsakaicin zafin jiki a Masar ya karu da digiri 0.38 a cikin shekaru goma, karuwar zafin da ya zarta na duniya. Hasashen dumamar yanayi na gaba a yankin MENA yana tsakanin 0.2°C kowace shekara goma da 0.5°C a kowace shekara goma. Bugu da ƙari, ana sa ran girma da tsawon lokacin raƙuman zafi zai ƙaru. Ana sa ran zazzafan yanayi ya zama ruwan dare musamman a wasu wurare na musamman a Masar, kamar Kudancin Sinai da Aswan.[3]
An sanya kasar Masar a matsayin daya daga cikin kasashen da suka fi fuskantar matsalar sauyin yanayi amma ta 63 kacal domin ta fi yin shiri don sauyin yanayi. Yawan zafin da Masar ta samu a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata ya haifar da karuwar bukatar makamashi don sanyaya, wanda zai ci gaba da karuwa tare da karin dumamar yanayi a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. Ƙara yawan zafin jiki kuma yana taimakawa wajen haɓaka kwararowar hamada, ƙara bushewar kogin Nilu, raguwar hazo, hauhawar matakan teku, da karuwar ambaliyar ruwa.
Hoton tarihin masana'antar auduga ta Masar, wanda ya yi tasiri matuka sakamakon raguwar kayan noma sakamakon sauyin yanayi.
Noma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ko da ba tare da tasirin sauyin yanayi ba, yanayin ƙazantaccen yanayi na Masar ya sa ta kasance cikin haɗari ga ƙarancin ruwa da ƙarancin abinci. Yawancin Masar ba sa samun ruwan sama mai yawa, don haka duk abin da ake nomawa na noman yana kusa da kogin Nilu. Yawan al'ummar Masar yana karuwa, don haka kasar za ta bukaci karin abinci da ruwa. Noma yana da mahimmanci ga tattalin arzikin Masar, yana da kashi 11.3% na GDP kuma yana samar da 28% na ayyukan yi. Sai dai sauyin yanayi yana haifar da kalubale ga fannin noma. Ɗayan damuwa shine rage yawan amfanin gona. Saboda tsananin zafi, damuwa da ruwa, da gishiri, ana hasashen amfanin amfanin gona na abinci zai ragu da kashi 10 cikin 100 nan da 2050. Ana sa ran amfanin gona da ke samun raguwar amfanin gona mafi yawa sune masara, iri mai mai, da sukari da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari.
Masar ta dogara ne kan kasuwannin duniya don shigo da alkama da kuma samar da abinci. Masar na cinye tan miliyan 20.5 na alkama a kowace shekara, rabin abin da ake nomawa a cikin gida, sauran rabin kuma daga kasashen waje ne ake samarwa. Koyaya, ana sa ran yawan alkama a Masar zai ragu kusan kashi 20% nan da shekarar 2060. Sauran illolin da sauyin yanayi ke haifarwa a harkar noma sun haɗa da rage samun ruwa, ƙarar kwari da cututtuka, da ɗan gajeren lokacin girma a wasu wurare. Farashin abincin da ake shigowa da shi zai karu sakamakon sauyin yanayi saboda raguwar amfanin gona a duniya. Zafin zafi da karuwar fari kuma za su yi tasiri ga dabbobi, gami da shanu da kaji. Damuwar zafi da ruwa na rage yawan nonon madara da inganci, yawan kwai, da iyawar dabbobi. Idan aka yi la’akari da karuwar yawan mutane da raguwar samar da madara, samfura sun yi hasashen cewa samun madara zai ragu da kilogiram 40 ga kowane mutum nan da shekara ta 2064.[4] Tare, waɗannan tasirin sauyin yanayi kan aikin gona za su yi barazana ga samar da abinci a Masar.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Climate Resilience for Energy Transition in Egypt – Analysis". IEA. Retrieved 2023-10-29
- ↑ World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal". climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2023-10-20.
- ↑ Egypt Climate - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System". photius.com. Retrieved 2023-11-29
- ↑ USAID. 2022. Egypt Fact Sheet: Agriculture