Scone
| Scone | |
|---|---|
quick bread (en)  | |
.jpg) | |
| Kayan haɗi |
wheat (en) Avena sativa (mul) Sha'ir raising agent (en) |
| Tarihi | |
| Asali | Birtaniya |
Scone ( / s kɒn / SKON ko / s koʊn / SKOHN ) wani nau'in burodi ne na gargajiya da aka gasa a Birtaniya da Ireland, wanda ya shahara a Burtaniya, Ireland, Kanada, Ostiraliya da New Zealand . A Amurka, scones wani nau'in burodi ne daban da sauran ƙasashen duniya, yawanci ya fi zaki, siffarsa mai siffar uku kuma ana yin sa da kansu. Yawanci ana yin scones ne da garin alkama ko oatmeal, tare da yin burodi foda a matsayin abin yin yisti, kuma ana gasa su a kan fakiti, ko kuma a soya su a cikin kaskon soya . Scone na iya zama mai ɗan zaki ko mai daɗi, kuma ana iya yin ado da shi lokaci-lokaci da ƙwai . [1] Scone mai zaki wani ɓangare ne na shayin kirim, da shayin rana . Ya bambanta da kek ɗin shayi da sauran nau'ikan burodi masu zaki waɗanda aka yi da yisti . An zaɓi scones a matsayin wakilin Ireland na Café Europe a lokacin shugabancin Austria na Tarayyar Turai a 2006. [2]
Ilimin harsuna (Lexicology)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Furcin kalmar a cikin duniyar da ake magana da Turanci ya bambanta, tare da wasu suna furta ta /s k ɒ n / (waƙoƙi tare da "gone"), [3] da wasu /s koʊ n / (waƙoƙi tare da "sautin"). Furcin da ya fi rinjaye ya bambanta da yanki. Furcin da ya fi "sautin" ya fi ƙarfi a cikin Midlands na Ingila da Ireland, kodayake da alama yana da ƙananan faci a Cornwall da Essex . Furcin da ya fi "gone" ya fi ƙarfi a Arewacin Ingila da Scotland, kodayake wannan kuma ya zama kamar shine furucin da aka fi so a Kudancin Ingila, Gundumomin Gida, da Gabashin Anglia . [4] 'Yan asalin Ireland da Amurka galibi suna amfani da / s koʊn / furtawa. Kamus na Burtaniya galibi suna nuna siffar /s k ɒ n / a matsayin furucin da aka fi so, yayin da suke gane /skoʊn/ siffa.
An ambaci bambancin furuci a cikin waƙa:
Asalin Ma'anar
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Asalin kalmar scone ba ta da tushe kuma tana iya samo asali daga tushe da dama. Asalin kalmar 'scone' da aka fi yarda da ita shine kalmar Scottish Gaelic sgonn, ma'ana babban dunkule ko taro, yana nuna asalin siffarta a matsayin burodi mai siffar gida, mai siffar hannu, tare da ambatonta a cikin waƙar Gavin Douglas ta 1513, Aeneid . [5] Sauran kalmomin da aka gabatar, kamar su schoonbrood na Tsakiyar Dutch (burodi mai kyau), ba a cika samun goyon baya ba a cikin nazarin harsuna. Kalmar Tsakiyar Ƙasa ta Jamusanci schöne, ma'ana burodi mai kyau, wataƙila ta taka rawa wajen ƙirƙirar wannan kalmar.
A gefe guda kuma, Sheila MacNiven Cameron ta samo kalmar ne daga garin Scone ( /s k uː n / ⓘ ( Scots , Scottish Gaelic ) a Scotland, babban birnin da aka naɗa sarakunan Scotland, kuma a kan Dutsen Scone har yanzu ana naɗa sarakunan Burtaniya.
Dangane da Griddle Scones, a cikin harshen Scotland da kuma yaren Ingilishi na Northumbrian, ana kiran griddle a girdle . Canja wurin sautunan ya faru ne saboda bambancin harshe .
Burodi, kek ko kuma kawai scone
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Abin da ake nufi da scone, ko dai burodi ko kek, muhawara ce da ake yawan tattaunawa a kai. Littafin Oxford Companion to Food na Alan Davidson ya ambaci scone a matsayin kek, wanda kuma shine bayanin da Oxford da Cambridge Dictionary suka yi amfani da shi. [6] [7] A cikin 2018, a cikin wata tattaunawa a kan Facebook, masu amfani ba su yarda ko scones burodi ne, kek ko ya kamata ya kasance a cikin nasu rukuni ba. [8] Marubutan abinci da masu samar da abinci sun kuma bayyana cewa ba burodi ko kek ba ne, domin sun fi burodi wadata, amma ba su da wadata kamar kek, tare da yanayin nasa. [9] Ba kamar burodi ba, ba a cusa scone ba amma ana yin sa da ɗanɗano, [10] yayin da ake yin kek da batter. Hukumar Ka'idojin Abinci ta Australia ta New Zealand ta rarraba su ba a matsayin burodi ko kek ba, amma a cikin nasu nau'in Scones da Rock Cakes . [11]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A zamanin Tsakiyar Zamani, an tara scones da biskit don yin kek ɗin aure. Rubutun farko da aka rubuta game da amfani da kalmar scone ya fito ne daga shekarar 1480, lokacin da wani ƙaramin labarin kwastam ya ce wani mai yin burodi, Frank Mathewe, yana da ƙaramin akwati na katako mai "kek ɗin kayan ƙanshi 400 da scone Yesu 500" . An buga siffar Yesu a kan kayan gasa a wannan lokacin don nuna cewa an yi samfurin da fulawa mafi kyau. [12] Girke-girke na farko da aka rubuta na scone za a iya samu a cikin folio na girke-girke da aka rubuta a Wellcome Collection kuma ya samo asali tun daga 1669. Girke-girken, mai taken "Kek ɗin scone na Mrs Fellard", ya haɗa da sinadaran gari, currants, ƙwai, sukari, pint na yisti na ale da kirim. [13] Girke-girken kuma yana ba da wasu nau'ikan, tare da ɗaya mai daɗi da naman alade kuma ana yin hidima da miya, kamar yadda biskit ɗin Amurka suke a yau. [13] A cikin littafin A History of Scotland from the Earliest Times, an ruwaito cewa a ƙarni na 17, talakawa za su gasa "kek ɗin oat, ko scone na bere ko sha'ir" a kan gasa, yayin da littafin, History of Scotland daga Robert the Bruce zuwa Union of the Crowns ya bayyana a ƙarƙashin James VI cewa talakawa "suna cin brose da kusan komai, da scone, bannock, kirnmilk da kebbuk ko cuku" .
Lokacin da garin yin burodi ya samu karbuwa ga jama'a a shekarar 1843, scone mai zaki na Burtaniya wanda aka fi sani da shi a yau ya fara bayyana. [1] An fara rubuta bayanin farko da aka rubuta game da scone a cikin shayin kirim, a cikin The Cornishman a shekarar 1932, duk da haka an ruwaito cewa Devonians sun ɗauki scones kafin Cornish. [2] scones na zamani yanzu suna samuwa sosai a gidajen yin burodi, shagunan kayan more rayuwa da manyan kantuna . Wani rahoto na kasuwa na 2005 ya kiyasta cewa kasuwar scone ta Burtaniya ta kai darajar £64m, wanda ya nuna karuwar kashi 9% a cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata. Karin ya samo asali ne daga karuwar fifikon masu amfani da abinci mai sauri da kuma na dadi. [3]
Scones da ake sayarwa a kasuwa yawanci suna zagaye ne, kodayake wasu samfuran suna da siffar hexagonal, domin wannan siffar ana iya yin ta don ingancin sarari. Idan aka shirya su a gida, suna iya ɗaukar siffofi daban-daban, gami da alwatika, zagaye da murabba'i. [14] Scones na yin burodi a gida galibi suna da alaƙa da yin burodi na gargajiya. Ana yin su ne ta amfani da girke-girke na iyali maimakon littattafan girke-girke, tunda galibi memba na iyali ne ke riƙe da girke-girke "mafi kyau" kuma mafi daraja.
A shekarar 2023, wata mata a Yammacin Landan ta kammala aikin ɗaukar tsawon shekaru goma don yin gwajin scone a kowace cibiyar National Trust (wurare 244 a faɗin Ingila, Wales da Arewacin Ireland). Scones ya zama babban abin shan shayin rana a farkon ƙarni na 19, wata al'ada da Anna, Duchess ta Bedford, ta shahara da ita, wacce ta gabatar da al'adar shan scones tare da shayi a matsayin abin sha mai sauƙi tsakanin abinci.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Hollywood, Paul. "Paul Hollywood's scones". BBC. Archived from the original on 7 July 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
- ↑ "Cakes, Sweets and Coffee | Cafeeurope.at". Archived from the original on 2014-02-07. Retrieved 2011-01-18.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named "Wells". - ↑ "Cambridge app maps decline in regional diversity of English dialects". University of Cambridge. 26 May 2016. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
- ↑ "Scone n a small sweet or savoury cake baked from flour, fat and milk". Scots Language Centre. Retrieved 28 August 2025.
- ↑ "Scone". Cambridge Dictionary. Retrieved 29 August 2025.
- ↑ "Scone". Oxford Dictionary. Retrieved 29 August 2025.
- ↑ "Is a scone a bread or a cake?". Facebook. 3 February 2018.
- ↑ "A Brief History of the Scone". Freshways. 10 August 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2025.
- ↑ "Ros Rants: The secrets of scones". Cookery School. 17 June 2019. Retrieved 29 August 2025.
- ↑ "Scone". Australian Food Composition Database. Retrieved 29 August 2025.
- ↑ Fowler, Thomas. "Petty Custom Account 1480-1: Imports, Oct - Dec 1480 (nos 1-55)". British History Online. Retrieved 8 April 2026.
- 1 2 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named "HistoryofBritishBaking". - ↑ "The History of Scones". Food History. The Kitchen Project. 2001-03-01. Archived from the original on 28 July 2018. Retrieved 2008-09-09.