Shaka zulu

Shaka zulu
sarki 1816 - 1828
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Mthethwa Paramountcy (en) , ga Yuli, 1787
ƙasa	Zulu Kingdom (en)
Mutuwa	KwaDukuza (en) , 22 Satumba 1828
Makwanci	Nonya (en)
Yanayin mutuwa	kisan kai
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifi	Senzangakhona kaJama
Mahaifiya	Nandi
Abokiyar zama	Not married
Ahali	Mpande kaSenzangakhona (en) , Dingane kaSenzangakhona (en) da Umhlangana kaSenzangakhona (en)
Sana'a
Sana'a	sarki

Shaka kaSenzangakhona (c. 1787-24 Satumba 1828), kuma aka sani da Shaka (da) Zulu (lafazin Zulu: [ˈʃaːɠa]) da Sigidi kaSenzangakhona, shi ne sarkin daular Zulu daga 1816 zuwa 1828. Daya daga cikin manyan manyan sarakunan Zulu. gyare-gyaren da suka sake tsara sojoji zuwa gagarumin karfi.

An haifi Sarki Shaka a watan uNtulikazi (Yuli) a shekara ta 1787, a Mthonjaneni, lardin KwaZulu-Natal, a Afirka ta Kudu. Dan Sarkin Zulu Senzankakhona kaJama, an kore shi a matsayin shege. Shaka ya yi wani bangare na kuruciyarsa a mazaunin mahaifiyarsa, inda aka fara shi zuwa cikin ibutho lempi (yankin fada), yana aiki a matsayin jarumi a karkashin Inkosi Dingiswayo.

Sarki Shaka ya kara inganta tsarin soja na ibutho tare da tallafin Mthethwa Paramountcy a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. Ya kulla kawance da kananan makwabta domin dakile hare-haren Ndwandwe daga arewa. Yunkurin farko na Zulu ya kasance na tsaro ne, saboda Sarki Shaka ya fi son yin matsin lamba ta hanyar diflomasiyya, tare da kisan gilla na lokaci-lokaci. Sauye-sauyen da ya yi na al'ummar gari sun ginu bisa tsarin da ake da su. Duk da cewa ya fi son hanyoyin siyasa na zamantakewa da yada farfaganda, amma ya yi yakoki da dama. Mulkin Sarki Shaka ya zo daidai da farkon Mfecane/Difaqane ("tashin hankali" ko "murkushe"), lokacin yakin yaki da hargitsi a kudancin Afirka tsakanin 1815 zuwa 1840 wanda ya lalata yankin. Matsayinsa a cikin Mfecane/Difaqane yana da rigima sosai. Daga karshe ‘yan uwansa Sarki Dingane da Yarima Mhlangana da Mbopha kaSithayi ne suka kashe shi.

Rayuwar Farko

Shaka (wanda aka fassara a matsayin "ƙwaƙwalwar hanji") an haife shi ga sarkin Zulu mai mulki. Shi ne babba a cikin ’ya’ya maza da yawa, amma an ɗauke shi a matsayin ɗan iska, aka kore shi ya zauna tare da ƙabilar mahaifiyarsa, wadda aka fi sani da Elangeni, ya bar ɗan uwansa ya yi sarautar Zulu. A lokacin, Zulu ƙabilar yanki ne masu dogaro da dabbobi, dawa, da madara. Lokacin da Shaka ya kai shekarun da suka dace, an aika shi da mahaifiyarsa zuwa dangin Mthethwa, ƙabilar yanki mafi ƙarfi. A can, ya balaga, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin jarumi a ƙarƙashin Jobe, sannan kuma ga Dingiswayo, jarumi mai daraja kuma shugaban dangi. Lokacin da Inkosi Dingiswayo ya gano cewa Shaka yana da sarauta, sai ya sanya shi a matsayin mai kula da runduna, yana taimakawa wajen bunkasa dabarun Shaka da dabarun soji.

Bayan Inkosi Zwide, sarkin Ndwandwe (Nxumalo), ya kashe Dingiswayo, Shaka ya nemi ya rama mutuwarsa. A wannan haduwar, Shaka ya kashe mahaifiyar Zwide, Ntombazi, ’yar sangoma. Shaka ta zabar mata wani mugun ramuwar gayya ta wajen kulle ta a wani gida da jaki ko kuraye a ciki. Suka cinye ta, da safe Shaka ta kona gidan. Shaka ya ci gaba da neman Zwide. Sai a wajajen shekara ta 1825 ne shugabannin sojojin biyu suka hadu a kusa da Pongola, kusa da kan iyakar Mpumalanga, lardin Afirka ta Kudu a yau. Shaka ya yi nasara a yakin, ko da yake dakarunsa sun samu munanan raunuka, ciki har da kwamandan sojansa, Mgobhozi Ovela Entabeni.

Fadada iko da rikici tare da Zwide

Yayin da Shaka ya ƙara samun karɓuwa a wurin mutanensa, ya sami damar yada ra'ayoyinsa da sauƙi. Ta yin amfani da tarihinsa na soja, Shaka ya koya wa Zulus cewa hanya mafi inganci ta samun iko cikin sauri ita ce ta cin nasara da kuma sarrafa sauran kabilu. Koyarwarsa ta yi tasiri sosai kan yanayin zamantakewar Zulus. Kabilar Zulu ba da jimawa ba ta samu hangen jarumta, wanda Shaka ya yi amfani da shi wajen amfani da shi[. Sarautar Shaka ta samo asali ne akan karfin soji, inda ya ragargaza abokan hamayya da kuma hada tarwatsawa a cikin sojojinsa. Ya kara da wannan da cakuda diflomasiyya da ba da goyon baya, wanda ya hada da shugabannin abokantaka, wadanda suka hada da Zihlandlo na Mkhize, Jobe na Sithole, da Mathubane na Thuli. Wadannan mutane ba a taba cin su a yakin Zulun ba; ba sai sun kasance ba. Shaka ya ci nasara da su da dabaru masu wayo, kamar su ba da lada da lada. Dangane da hukuncin Qwabe kuwa, sai suka fara sake qirqiro tarihinsu don ganin cewa Qwabe da Zulu na da alaka ta kut-da-kut (wato Nguni) a da.Ta wannan hanyar, an samar da haɗin kai mafi girma, ko da yake bai zama cikakke ba, kamar yadda yaƙe-yaƙe na basasa suka tabbatar.

Manazarta

History of Shaka (Tshaka), King of the Zulu". bulawayo1872.com. Retrieved 15 September 2014.