Shekarun 1900 a Angola
 Shekarun 1900 a Angola | |
|---|---|
events in a specific year or time period (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙasa | Angola |
| Ta biyo baya | 1910s a Angola |
| Kwanan wata | 1900s |
A cikin shekarun 1900 a Angola tattalin arzikin 'yan mulkin mallaka ya faɗaɗa duk da tashin hankalin cikin gida.
Tattalin Arziki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin shekarar 1900, António de Sousa Lara, kamfanin "Ferreira Marques & Fonseca" na João Ferreira Gonçalves - sanannen jari-hujja, kuma mai kuɗi, Kwamandan Order na Kristi, mai gidan Horta-Seca Palace a Lisbon - da Bensaúde ya kirkiro Kamfanin Kasuwanci na Angola (Companhiar). Lara da Ferreira Gonçalves sun kafa masana'antar sukari ta farko a cikin shekarar 1901, suna faɗaɗa shukar rake a Benguela zuwa 1,000 acres (4 km2) na kasa a 1915. Ya ɗauki ma'aikata dubu aiki kuma ya samar da fam miliyan 2,500 na sukari a shekara. Ya yi amfani da ribar da ya samu daga hannun jarinsa na farko wajen gina titin jirgin ƙasa zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa na ƙashin kansa. Kamfanin CCA ya zama kamfani mafi girma na kasuwanci a ƙasar Angola.[1]
A cikin shekarar 1901, gwamnatin Portugal ta sanya kaso 6,000 na samar da sukari a kowace shekara a Angola da Mozambique.[2]
Bautar da Bayi da mamaya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Farashin roba ya ragu a cikin 1900s, wanda ya haifar da tawaye a shekarar 1902. Tashin hankalin, ƙoƙari na ƙarshe da mutanen Ovimbundu suka yi don yin tsayayya da mulkin mallaka na Portuguese, sun yi hamayya da 'yan kasuwa masu hamayya da juna. Duk da haka, yayin da Portuguese suka ci gaba da haɗin kai na ƙabilu da na ƙasa, Ovimbundu ya ci gaba da kai hare-haren bayi. Turawan Portugal sun murkushe tawaye kuma suka mamaye tsaunukan tsakiya.[3] Mazauna Degredado da manoman Boer sun saci filayen ƴan ƙasar, abin burgewa da korar ma'aikata zuwa gonaki. Hukumomin Portugal sun kama Sarkin Bailundo bayan wani biki na Ovimbundu wanda 'yan asalin ƙasar suka cinye rum na Portuguese, wanda ake zargin ba tare da biya ba. Mai ba sarki shawara, Mutu ya Kevela, ya haɗa kai da masarautun da ke makwabtaka da Bailundo kuma suka kaddamar da yakin kwato 'yanci. Ya shaida wa majalisarsa, inda ya haɗa su da su yi faɗa, “Kafin ’yan kasuwa su zo muna da giyar da ake yi a gida, mun rayu tsawon rai kuma muna da karfi. Sojojin Kevela sun kashe 'yan mulkin mallaka na Portugal tare da kona wuraren kasuwancinsu. Nasarar 'yan asalin ƙasar ta bazu zuwa Bié, amma sojojin Portuguese da ke Benguela da Moçâmedes sun kashe tawaye. Yaƙin ya ƙare a shekarar 1903, kusan shekaru biyu bayan haka, tare da nasara na Portugal kuma Kevela ya mutu.[4][5]
Thomas Fowell Buxton, a lokacin memba (kuma daga baya shugaban ƙasa) na Aborigines' Protection Society, ya rubuta wa wakilan Portugal a Birtaniya a cikin watan Disamba 1902, yana tambaya game da jihar da girman bautar da bayi a Angola. Gwamnatin Portuguese ta amsa wasiƙarsa a cikin watan Fabrairu 1903, ta musanta wanzuwar bautar da bayi da mulkin mallaka da kuma yin izgili da "tunanin wasu masu taimako."[6]
A shekara ta 1904, Kwanyama Ovambo ya fatattaki Turawan Portugal, inda suka kawar da sojojin Portugal tare da taimakon Jamus-gudanar da Afirka ta Kudu-maso-Yamma da ke son kwace ikon Angola daga hannun Turawan Portugal. A cikin 1905 yawan jama'a ya ƙaru zuwa ƙasa da 11,000. Yawan masu mulkin mallaka na Boer da Madeiran a Lubango ya ƙaru zuwa 2,000 a cikin shekarar 1904.[7]
A shekara ta 1914, Mbnda ya ƙaddamar da wani kamfen a kudu maso gabashin Angola don adawa da mulkin mallaka na Portugal.[ana buƙatar hujja] .
Gwamnonin mulkin mallaka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Francisco Xavier Cabral de Oliveira Moncada, Gwamna-Janar na Angola (1900-1903)
- Eduardo Augusto Ferreira da Costa, Gwamna-Janar na Angola (1903-1904)
- Custódio Miguel de Borja, Gwamna-Janar na Angola (1904)
- António Duarte Ramada Curto, Gwamna-Janar na Angola (1904-1905)
- Eduardo Augusto Ferreira da Costa, Gwamna-Janar na Angola (1906-1907)
- Henrique Mitchell de Paiva, Gwamna-Janar na Angola (1907-1909)
- Alvaro António da Costa Ferreira, Gwamna-Janar na Angola (1909)
- José Augusto Alves Rocadas, Gwamna-Janar na Angola (1909-1910)
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Tarihin Portugal (1834-1910)
- Portuguese Yammacin Afirka
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Clarence-Smith, W. G. (1985). The Third Portuguese Empire. p. 105.
- ↑ Clarence-Smith, W. G. (1985). The Third Portuguese Empire. p. 88.
- ↑ Stearns, Peter N.; William Leonard Langer (2001). The Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern. p. 595.
- ↑ Walker, John Frederick (2004). A Certain Curve of Horn: The Hundred-Year Quest for the Giant Sable Antelope of Angola. pp. 40–41.
- ↑ Rotberg, Robert I. (1965). A Political History of Tropical Africa. pp. 302.
- ↑ Satre, Lowell Joseph (1913). Chocolate on Trial. pp. 1911–1913.
- ↑ Fage, John Donnelly; Desmond J. Clark; A. D. Roberts; Roland Oliver (1986). The Cambridge History of Africa: 1905 to 1940. p. 521.