Shirin Ayyukan Yanayi na Jamus na 2050
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public policy (en) |
Shirin Ayyukan Yanayi na Jamus na 2050 (Jamusanci: Klimaschutzplan 2050) takardar manufofin kariya ce ta sauyin yanayi da gwamnatin Jamus ta amince da ita a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba 2016. [1] Shirin ya tsara matakan da Jamus za ta iya cika burinta daban-daban na rage fitar da iskar gas har zuwa 2050 (duba tebur) da kuma biyan alkawurran kasa da kasa a karkashin Yarjejeniyar Yanayi ta Paris ta 2016. Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Tarayya, Kare yanayi, Gine-gine da Tsaro na Nukiliya (BMUB), a karkashin Ministan Barbara Hendricks, ta jagoranci ci gaban shirin. An ci gaba da zubar da shirin tun lokacin da aka fara fitar da shi a farkon watan Mayu 2016. Tsinkaya daga ma'aikatar muhalli a watan Satumbar 2016 ya nuna cewa Jamus za ta iya rasa burinta na yanayi na 2020.[2]
Bai kamata a rikita Shirin Ayyukan Yanayi na 2050 da takardar da ta gabata ba, Shirin Ayyuka na Yanayi na 2020 (Aktionsprogramm Klimaschutz 2020), wanda aka amince da shi a watan Disamba na 2014 kuma wanda kawai ya rufe lokacin har zuwa 2020. A farkon 2017 an amince da cewa za a soke Shirin na 2020.
Manufofin yanayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Jamus ta sanar da manufofi masu zuwa na fitar da iskar gas a ranar 28 ga Satumba 2010. :4–5
| Manufar | 2014 | 2020 | 2030 | 2040 | 2050 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rashin iskar gas (shekara ta 1990) | −27.0% | −40% | −55% | −70% | -80 zuwa -95% |
| Darajar 2030 ita ce kuma Yarjejeniyar Paris ta 2016 da aka ƙaddara a cikin ƙasa (NDC) ga Jamus. | |||||
Game da manufofin Tarayyar Turai, a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2009 Majalisar Tarayyar Tarayyar ta amince da cewa manufa ta ragewa ga Turai da sauran tattalin arzikin da suka ci gaba ta kasance 80-95% a ƙasa da matakan 1990 a shekara ta 2050 (daidai da Jamus). : 3 A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2014 Majalisar Tarayyar Turai ta amince da manufa mai ɗaurewa ta Tarayyar Tarayyar ta aƙalla raguwar kashi 40% a cikin hayakin gas na cikin gida ta hanyar 2030 dangane da 1990 (ƙananan ƙarfi fiye da Jamus). : 2 :2
Shirin Ayyukan Yanayi na 2020
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Shirin Ayyukan Yanayi na 2020 (Aktionsprogramm Klimaschutz 2020) wani yunkuri ne na Jamus don taimakawa wajen biyan burinta na rage fitar da iskar gas na 2020 bayan an gano 'rashin yanayi'. [lower-alpha 1] Tsinkaya daga 2013 ya nuna cewa Jamus na iya rasa burinta na raguwa na 40% da kusan maki 7% ba tare da ƙarin matakan ba. An saki rubutun farko na shirin a tsakiyar Nuwamba 2014. Yadda ya fi dacewa a sarrafa gudummawar daga ƙarni mai amfani da kwal ya kasance mai kawo rigima, amma ministan tattalin arziki da makamashi Sigmar Gabriel (SPD) ya watsar da tsare-tsaren da aka watsa a cikin ma'aikatarsa a watan Oktoba 2014 don yin ritaya 10 GW na ƙarfin kwal.
An amince da Shirin Ayyukan Yanayi na 2020 a ranar 3 ga Disamba 2014. Ana samun takardar hukuma a Turanci.
Mafi mahimmancin ɓangaren sabon kunshin shine alkawarin rage hayakin wutar lantarki sosai a shekarar 2020. Don yin haka, gwamnati ta ba da shawarar rufe hayaki daga bangaren a tan miliyan 22 tsakanin 2016 da 2020 ko tan miliyan 4.4 a kowace shekara. Da zarar an sami murfin, za a ba kamfanonin makamashi alawus bisa ga hayakin su na yanzu. Idan sun rage hayakin su da yawa, za su iya sayar da abin da ya rage ga wasu kamfanoni. Kunshin kuma ya ƙunshi matakai don inganta ingancin makamashi da bangaren sufuri.[3] Ƙungiyoyin muhalli sun soki kunshin saboda rashin zuwa nesa don rage dogaro da ƙarni mai ƙone kwal.
A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2015, gwamnati ta kasance da tabbacin cewa za a cika burinta na 2020 ta hanyar matakan da ke cikin shirin da sauran wurare. Koyaya, rahoton gwamnati, wanda aka fitar a ranar 30 ga Satumba 2016, ya nuna cewa Jamus za ta cika alkawurran iskar gas ta 2020 kawai a ƙarƙashin "mafi kyawun yanayin".[4] Rahoton, wanda aka shirya don Tarayyar Turai, yana samuwa a cikin Jamusanci. Binciken ya tsara fitar da iskar gas mai guba ta Jamus a cikin shekaru 20 masu zuwa.
Wani rahoto na PwC daga Nuwamba 2016 ya kimanta tasirin tattalin arziki da muhalli na Shirin Ayyukan Yanayi na 2020 kuma ya gano cewa fa'idodin tattalin arziki sun wuce farashin matakan da aka gabatar. Dangane da rahoton, ministan muhalli Barbara Hendricks ya ce a cikin sanarwar manema labarai cewa "shirin zai haifar da ƙarin ayyuka 430000 da karuwar GDP na 1% nan da shekarar 2020". [5]
A farkon 2017, gwamnati ta amince da soke shirin 2020 gaba ɗaya.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Amelang, Sören; Wehrmann, Benjamin; Wettengel, Julian (17 November 2016). "Germany's Climate Action Plan 2050". Clean Energy Wire (CLEW). Retrieved 2016-11-15.
- ↑ Egenter, Sven; Wettengel, Julian (7 October 2016). "Ministry projections highlight risk of Germany missing emissions goal". Clean Energy Wire (CLEW). Retrieved 2016-10-07.
- ↑ Hope, Mat (4 December 2014). "Dissecting Germany's new climate action plan". Carbon Brief. Retrieved 2016-09-14.
- ↑ Egenter, Sven; Wettengel, Julian (7 October 2016). "Ministry projections highlight risk of Germany missing emissions goal". Clean Energy Wire (CLEW). Retrieved 2016-10-07.
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