Shugaban Budurwa
 Shugaban Budurwa |
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Kan Budurwa wani kan hauren giwa ne da aka sassaka a ƙarni na 17 na Budurwa Maryamu yanzu a cikin National Gallery na Victoria, Melbourne, Ostiraliya. Irin waɗannan kawunan galibi ana haɗa su da wani katafaren katako wanda ke yin mutum-mutumin ibada a cikin addinin Katolika a matsayin wani ɓangare na al'adar siffar mutum-mutumin da aka saka.[1] Kan ya fito ne daga Philippines inda aka gabatar da addinin Katolika a farkon ƙarni na 15 kuma ya shahara cikin sauri. Yawancin hauren giwa da aka sassaka sun shiga kasuwar duniya ta hanyar cinikin Manila Galleon, bisa ga Manila, Philippines. An haɗa da, amma ba'a iyakance ga: Budurwa Maryamu, Almasihu, Mala'ikan Mika'ilu, da wasu tsarkaka ba.[2] Sauran nau'ikan su ne hannaye na hauren giwa waɗanda za a haɗa su da gumakan da aka saka.[1] Ciniki wani ɓangare ne na babban ƙoƙarin mulkin mallaka na Spain don kafa tattalin arzikin duniya da aka haɗa da hanyar Ciniki ta Manila Galleon wacce ta haɗa Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya, China da Philippines da yankin ƙasa, mulkin mallaka, da Spain ta mataimakin sarki.[1] [2]
Bayani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kan Budurwa shine 271 x 120 x 120 mm (gabaɗaya), an yi shi da hauren giwa a matsayin babban kayan gini, ƙarfe don kambi, da siliki da igiyar ƙarfe waɗanda ke ƙawata kai. Kan yana kan tushe mai murabba'i. Zurfin wuyan yana farawa daidai gwargwado tare da gefen gaba.[1] A gefen, gefen yana fara ɗan tsayi kaɗan daga gaba zuwa baya. Tafin gaba yana kama da yana farawa kusan 11 mm daga ƙasa. Gefen gefen yana farawa a daidai wurin da ke gaban ɓangaren kuma a hankali yana farawa sama har zuwa matakin da ke sama da ~34 mm zuwa baya. Tushen wuyan yana da siffar silinda iri ɗaya ~48 mm daga ƙasa. Akwai ɗan ƙaramin rabewa a wuya yayin da yake hawa kan guntun. Haɓakar kai ta fara ~68 mm daga ƙasa. Hancin ya miƙe zuwa layin muƙamuƙi ba tare da wata matsala ba, yana samar da siffar oval. Layin muƙamuƙi ya miƙe zuwa bayan kai wanda yake ~102 mm daga tushe. Hancin ya ɗan yi girma kaɗan yana zagaye ƙasan lebe a hankali. Lebe suna da laushi wajen haɗuwa daga lebe na waje zuwa siffar lebe ta asali. Bakin yana kama da yana ɗan murmushi tare da layi mai kauri a tsakiyar baki. Bakin yana da ƙaramin tuberculum, siririn lebe na sama da kuma lebe mai laushi mai zagaye. Gefen baki yana faɗin ~28 mm daidai gwargwado daga tsakiya. Jin daɗin yana da laushi kuma kusan ba a iya gani.
Katolika a Philippines
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Addinin Katolika a ƙasar Philippines ya shahara sosai a ƙasar tsawon sama da shekaru 300. Tun daga lokacin mai binciken ƙasar Portugal Ferdinand Magellan, Kiristanci ya fara zuwa Philippines a tsakanin shekarun 1480 - 1521.[3] Philippines tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe biyu na kudu maso gabashin Asiya da suka amince da addinin Kirista; waɗanda kashi 90% na Filippinos suka gano a cikin al'umma miliyan 104.[3] Al'adar ta samo asali ne daga Magellan lokacin da masu wa'azin Portugal suka gudanar da ibada a Tsibirin Homonhon ; a wannan rana an yi wa Bubanos har zuwa 800 baftisma.[3]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Martin, Matthew. "Head of the Virgin Ivory - Foreign Bodies". Connecting Collections. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Park, Jessie (2020). "Made by Migrants: Southeast Asia Ivories for Local and Global markets, ca. 1590-1640". The Art Bulletin. 102 (4): 66–89. doi:10.1080/00043079.2020.1765636. S2CID 227171816 – via Taylor & Francis Online.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Hoh, Anchi (2018-07-10). "Catholicism in the Philippines during the Spanish Colonial Period 1521-1898 | 4 Corners of the World: International Collections and Studies at the Library of Congress". blogs.loc.gov. Retrieved 2022-03-21.