Sidney A. Alexander

Sidney A. Alexander
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	2 ga Afirilu, 1866
Mutuwa	4 ga Faburairu, 1948
Sana'a
Sana'a	maiwaƙe

Sidney Arthur Alexander (2 ga Afrilu, 1866 - 4 ga Fabrairu, 1948) mawaki ne na Ingila, marubuci, kuma limami.

Rayuwa ta farko

Dan wani magatakarda na banki, Alexander ya yi karatu a Makarantar St Paul da Oxford" id="mwDA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Trinity College, Oxford">Kwalejin Triniti, Oxford, inda ya sami B.A. a 1889 tare da bambance-bambance da kyaututtuka da yawa. Ya sami yabo saboda waƙoƙinsa yayin da yake halartar St. Paul's (farkon haɗin rayuwa tare da Cathedral), musamman "Caedmon," wanda ya lashe waƙar Milton Prize a 1882. Alkawarin waɗannan ƙoƙarin farko ya sami kambin Alexander ya karɓi Kyautar Newdigate a Oxford a 1887 don Sakya-Muni: Labarin Buddha . An karɓi waka da kyau a cikin Mujallar Oxford ("mai ci gaba da waƙoƙi da alheri....wasu taɓawa mafi girma na tunanin da faɗar albarkacin baki wanda ke ba da sauƙi da kwanciyar hankali iska na ƙarshe da bambanci"). Wani masanin tarihin wallafe-wallafen zamani ya saita waka a cikin yanayin Victorian na "a halin da ake ciki na karuwar sha'awa a Yammacin Buddha".

Ayyukan wallafe-wallafen

Alexander ya gina kan nasararsa ta ilimi a cikin aya ta hanyar sanya waƙoƙi da yawa a wasu manyan littattafan Victorian, Academy, English Illustrated Magazine, Macmillan's, Cassell's da sauransu; an sake buga waƙoƙinsa da yawa a Amurka. Amma aikin Alexander ya zama na limami, wanda ya bambanta da wasu litattafan addini da littattafansa amma mafi yawa da ƙoƙarinsa na kare masana'antar St. Paul's Cathedral, inda ya zama Canon a 1909 kuma inda ayyukansa suka haɗa da na Treasurer. An naɗa Alexander a matsayin curacy a Cocin St. Michael, Oxford kuma ya kasance malami da malami a Kwalejin, Keble, Oxford har zuwa lokacin da aka nada shi a 1893 a matsayin mai karatu na Haikali, sannan ya biyo bayan alƙawura a matsayin Canon na Gloucester da kuma shugaban Kwalejin Malaman Jakadancin Glouces a watan Maris na 1902.

Littattafan Alexander sun haɗa da "Christ da Scepticism" (1894), Kristanci na St. Paul (1899) da Progressive Revelation (1910), ayyukan da aka bayyana a matsayin samfurin "tunani da ya san falsafar da tauhidin". A cikin waɗannan, da kuma a cikin wa'azi da sauran wurare, wani ne "wanda ya san tunaninsa". Yana da tausayi na musamman ga marasa galihu na al'umma kuma ya yi aiki a Cibiyar (marasa aiki) ta London kuma, a lokacin yakin duniya na farko, a Kwamitin Taimako na Mansion House War . Yawancin waƙoƙinsa, duk da haka, ba a buga su ba, amma an kiyaye su a hankali a cikin littafin rubutu na hannu.[1]

Ayyukan Alexander, musamman tattara kudade, a madadin St. Paul ya kasance mai ban sha'awa. Ya tayar da hankali tun daga farkon aikinsa na canonical don bukatun tsari da na kudi na babban coci, yana bayyanawa da amsawa ga barazanar muhalli ga ainihin masana'antar ginin, wanda aka gina a kan tushe mai zurfi sama da yashi mai cin amana ("Dole ne mu sami yashi mai laushi!" ya yi ihu Canon Alexander da himma [a cikin 1930]. "Dole ne mu sami yashi mai laushi!"). Keɓewarsa ga muhimmiyar rawar da babban coci ke takawa a cikin bangaskiyar Ingila a bayyane yake a cikin laccocinsa da wallafe-wallafen game da St. Paul, gami da The Safety of St. Paul's (1927), da kuma game da gine-ginensa, Christopher Wren . Karfafawa da kare tsarin Cathedral na Alexander ya taimaka masa ya tsira daga bama-bamai na Jamus na yakin duniya na biyu, kamar yadda Archbishop na Canterbury ya gane a 1944. Har ma kafin yaƙin an ba shi girmamawa da yawa.