Sigari

Sigari
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	tobacco product (en)
Amfani	smoking (en)
Kayan haɗi	tobacco (en) da rolling paper (en)
Depicted by (en)	Woman with cigarette (en)
Uses (en)	tobacco (en)
2022 Harmonized System Code (en)	240220

Sigari (wani lokacin ana taƙaita shi zuwa Cig) ƙaramin silinda ne na taba sigari da aka mirgine a cikin takarda mai laushi don shan sigari. Ana kunna sigari a gefe ɗaya, yana sa ya ƙone, kuma ana shan hayaki ta hanyar baki ta hanyar wancan gefen. Shan sigari shine hanyar da aka fi sani da amfani da taba. Kalmar sigari tana nufin sigari na sigari, amma ana amfani da kalmar a wasu lokuta don nuna wasu abubuwa, kamar sigari na wiwi ko sigari na ganye. Ana rarrabe sigari daga sigari ta hanyar ƙaramin girmansa, amfani da ganye, hanyar shan sigari daban-daban, da murfin takarda, wanda yawanci fari ne.

Mutuwa daga shan sigari yana haifar da cututtuka kamar ciwon daji, cututtukan huhu na yau da kullun (COPD), cututtukatattun zuciya, lahani na haihuwa, da sauran Matsalolin kiwon lafiya da suka shafi kusan kowane sashi na jiki. Yawancin sigari na zamani ana tacewa su, amma wannan ba ya sa hayakin da aka sha daga gare su ya ƙunshi ƙananan abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar kansa ko sunadarai masu cutarwa. Nicotine, miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin taba, yana sa sigari ya zama abin jaraba sosai. Kimanin rabin masu shan sigari suna mutuwa daga cututtukan da suka shafi taba kuma suna rasa matsakaicin shekaru 14 na rayuwa. Kowace shekara, shan sigari yana haifar da mutuwar sama da miliyan 8 a duk duniya; fiye da miliyan 1.3 daga cikin waɗannan ba masu shan sigari ne da ke mutuwa sakamakon bayyanar hayaki na biyuWadannan cututtukan da suka haifar da dokokin da suka haramta shan sigari a wurare da yawa da wuraren jama'a, tsara tallace-tallace da sayen shekarun taba, da kuma karbar haraji don hana amfani da sigari.

A cikin karni na 21, an haɓaka sigari na lantarki (wanda ake kira sigari na e-cigarettes ko vapes), inda wani abu da ke cikin na'urar (yawanci Maganin ruwa wanda ke dauke da nicotine) ya narke ta hanyar batir mai amfani da wutar lantarki ba tare da ƙonewa ba. Kodayake sigari na e-sigari ba su da lahani fiye da sigari na al'ada akwai manyan haɗarin kiwon lafiya da ke da alaƙa da amfani da su.

Sigari da sauran kayan shan sigari, musamman lokacin da mutane suka yi barci tare da wani abu mai kunnawa, sune babban dalilin gobarar gidaje, wanda ya kai kimanin kashi 28% na gobarar da ta shafi kayan ado.[1] Sigari mai aminci na wuta yana rage haɗarin zuwa wani mataki (da kusan 11-45%, dangane da ƙasar da nau'in wuta), amma haɗarin ya kasance mai girma.

Tarihi

Hanyoyin sigari na farko sun yi kama da wanda ya riga su, sigari. Cigarettes sun bayyana suna da antecedents a Mexico da Amurka ta tsakiya a cikin karni na 9 a cikin nau'ikan kara da bututun shan sigari. Maya, kuma daga baya Aztecs, suna shan taba da sauran magunguna a cikin al'adun addini kuma suna nuna firistoci da alloli suna shan taba a kan tukwane da zane-zanen haikalin. Sigari da sigari sune hanyoyin da aka fi sani da sigari a cikin Caribbean, Mexico, da Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka har zuwa kwanan nan.

Sigari na Arewacin Amurka, Amurka ta Tsakiya, da Kudancin Amurka sun yi amfani da nau'ikan shuke-shuke daban-daban; lokacin da aka dawo da shi zuwa Spain, an gabatar da nau'in masara, kuma a karni na 17, takarda mai kyau. An kira samfurin da aka samu papelate kuma an rubuta shi a cikin zane-zanen Goya La Comet, La Merienda en el Manzanares, da El juego de la pelota a pala (karni na 18).

Tasirin Lafiya

Illa daga shan taba yana zuwa ne daga yawancin sinadarai masu guba a cikin ganyen taba na halitta da kuma waɗanda ke samuwa a cikin hayaki daga kona taba.[1] Wani bincike na 2024 ya kiyasta cewa kowace sigari tana rage tsawon rayuwa da mintuna 20, yayin da wasu nazarin suka kiyasta cewa kowane ɗayan yana rage tsawon rayuwa da kusan mintuna 11 akan matsakaici. Mutane suna ci gaba da shan taba saboda nicotine, sinadari na farko na psychoactive a cikin sigari, yana da haɗari sosai.Sigari, kamar narcotics, an siffanta su a matsayin "masu jaraba da dabara", tare da abubuwan da suke damun su shine babban ɓangaren dabarun kasuwanci. [ana binciken hujja] [ana bukatar] Kimanin rabin masu shan taba suna mutuwa saboda sanadin shan taba. Shan taba yana cutar kusan kowace gabobin jiki. Shan taba yana haifar da mafi yawan cututtukan da ke shafar zuciya, hanta, da huhu, kasancewa babban haɗari ga cututtukan zuciya, shanyewar jiki, cututtukan huhu na huhu (COPD) (ciki har da emphysema da mashako na yau da kullun), da kansa (musamman ciwon huhu, ciwon daji na larynx da pancreatic). Hakanan yana haifar da cututtukan jijiyoyin jini da hauhawar jini. Yawan tabarbarewar mazakuta ya kai kusan kashi 85 cikin dari na maza masu shan taba idan aka kwatanta da mazan da ba sa shan taba. Yaran da matan da ke shan taba a lokacin daukar ciki suka haifa suna cikin haɗari mafi girma na cututtuka na haihuwa, ciwon daji, cututtuka na numfashi, da mutuwar farat ɗaya.. Fara shan taba a farkon rayuwa da shan taba sigari mafi girma a cikin kwalta yana ƙara haɗarin waɗannan cututtuka. Hukumar lafiya ta duniya ta yi kiyasin cewa taba sigari na haddasa mutuwar mutane miliyan 8 a kowace shekara a shekarar 2019 kuma a karshe ta yi sanadin mutuwar mutane miliyan 100 a tsawon karni na 20. Sigari na samar da iska mai dauke da sinadarai sama da 4,000, wadanda suka hada da nicotine, carbon monoxide, acrolein, da sinadarai na oxidant. Fiye da 70 daga cikin waɗannan sune ƙwayoyin cuta na carcinogens.