Slaty elaenia

Slaty elaenia
Conservation status
	; LC (mul) (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Class	Aves
Order	Passeriformes (mul)
Dangi	Tyrannidae (mul)
Genus	Elaenia (mul)
jinsi	Elaenia strepera; Cabanis, 1883
Geographic distribution
General information
Nauyi	19 g

Samfuri:Taxobox/core Samfuri:Speciesbox/parameterCheck

Slaty elaenia ( Elaenia strepera ) wani nau'in tsuntsu ne a cikin dangin Elaeniinae na dangin Tyrannidae, azzalumi masu tashi. ^[1] Ana samunsa a Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, da Venezuela, kuma a matsayin baƙo a Ecuador da Trinidad.

Taxonomy da kuma tsarin

Slaty elaenia shine monotypic . ^[1]

Bayani

Slaty elaenia shine 15 to 16 centimetres (5.9 to 6.3 in) tsayi kuma yana auna 18 to 20 grams (0.63 to 0.71 oz) ku. Karamar elaenia ce mai ƴar ƙirji. Manya maza suna da kai mai shuɗi-launin toka mai ɗan fararen kunci, farar ido siriri, da farar faci a ɗan ɓoye a tsakiyar kambi. Babban sassansu masu launin shuɗi ne. Fuka-fukansu galibi launin toka ne; sun dan yi haske a gefuna na gashin fuka-fukan jirgin da tukwici na rufaffiyar . Ƙarshen yana nunawa azaman sanduna marasa ƙarfi biyu akan rufaffiyar reshe. Wutsiyarsu tana yamma. Maƙogwaronsu fari ne zuwa launin toka, ƙirjinsu da ɓangarorinsu launin toka ne, ciki da wutsiyansu fari ne. Manya mata suna da wankin zaitun a saman su, fitattun sandunan fuka-fuki masu kauri fiye da na namiji, makogwaro da ruwan zaitun mai launin toka da nono, da farin ciki mai rawaya. Duk jinsin biyu suna da iris mai launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, lebur, faffaɗa, lissafin baƙar fata tare da tushe mara kyau na orange zuwa mandible, da ƙafafu da ƙafafu baƙar fata.^[2]

Rarraba da wurin zama

Slaty elaenia yana haifuwa a gabashin gangaren Andes daga yammacin Sashen Santa Cruz a Bolivia kudu zuwa arewa maso yammacin Argentina har zuwa lardin La Rioja . Bayan lokacin kiwo, ƙaura zuwa arewa ta gabas ta Peru zuwa kudu maso gabashin Colombia da gabashin Venezuela. Ya bayyana a matsayin baƙar fata a lokacin ƙaura a gabashin Ecuador da kuma a matsayin "mai girman kai" a kan Trinidad. Babu wasu bayanai da aka tabbatar a Brazil.^[3]

A lokacin kiwo, slaty elaenia yana zaune a ɗan buɗaɗɗen gandun daji da gefuna na gandun daji, sau da yawa tare da magudanar ruwa. A cikin wannan lokacin yana girma tsakanin 500 and 2,000 metres (1,600 and 6,600 ft) . An yi imanin yin amfani da nau'ikan mazaunin iri ɗaya yayin wucewa ta Peru. A Colombia da Venezuela kuma yana faruwa galibi akan gefuna dazuzzuka da ɗan buɗe ido. A Venezuela ya kai tsayin 900 metres (3,000 ft).

Hali

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, slaty elaenia cikakken ɗan ƙaura ne, yana barin kewayon kiwo zuwa hunturu a arewacin Kudancin Amurka.

Ciyarwa

Slaty elaenia yana ciyar da kwari da ƙananan 'ya'yan itatuwa. Yawanci yana cin abinci guda ɗaya ko biyu; a kan wuraren damina ba yakan haɗa nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan kiwo ne . Yana kama ganima kuma yana diban 'ya'yan itace ta hanyar yin kalar sa'ad da yake zaune da kuma yayin da yake shawagi na ɗan lokaci, kuma yana kama kwari masu tashi a kan reshe.

Kiwo

Slaty elaenia yana haifuwa tsakanin Oktoba da Fabrairu. Gidanta ƙoƙo ne da aka yi da ƙananan rassa da ganye kuma yawanci ana sanya shi a cikin cokali mai yatsu na reshe kusan 5 metres (16 ft) sama da ƙasa. Kama kwai biyu ne. Ba a san lokacin shiryawa, lokacin zuwa ƙuruciya, da cikakkun bayanai game da kulawar iyaye ba. Samfuri:BirdsongSlaty elaenia yana magana ne kawai a cikin kewayon kiwo. Kiranta na farko shine "bushe, 'eh-eh-ehhhhhh'" wanda ya bambanta da sauran elaenias; an kwatanta shi da sautin kwadi ko fara.

Matsayi

IUCN ta kimanta slaty elaenia a matsayin mafi ƙarancin damuwa. Yana da babban kewayon; Ba a san girman yawanta ba kuma an yi imanin yana raguwa. Kawo yanzu dai ba a gano wata barazana ba. Ana la'akari da shi a cikin gida a cikin kewayon kiwo, mai wuya a Peru kuma ba a sani ba a Colombia, kuma an san shi daga 'yan bayanan kawai a Venezuela. Yana faruwa a wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa a Argentina hanyar ƙaura, da kuma cikin kewayon lokacin hunturu. "Ko da yake Yungas a La Paz da Cochabamba (Bolivia) har yanzu 90% m, c. 60% na gandun daji na Boliviano-Tucumano Semi-evergreen zone na S Bolivia da Argentina an share ko kuma da damuwa, yafi ga makiyaya; manyan yankunan a Bolivia kuma sun lalace, yin mulkin mallaka da kuma hanyar da za a yi amfani da su. " ^[4]

Manazarta

1 2 Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (August 2024). "Tyrant flycatchers". IOC World Bird List. Retrieved 19 August 2024. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "IOC14.2" defined multiple times with different content.
↑ Hosner, P. (2020). Slaty Elaenia (Elaenia strepera), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.slaela1.01 retrieved September 28, 2024
↑ McMullan, Miles; Donegan, Thomas M.; Quevedo, Alonso (2010). Field Guide to the Birds of Colombia. Bogotá: Fundación ProAves. p. 148. ISBN 978-0-9827615-0-2.
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "SLEL-BOW".

[IOC14.2-1] 1 2 Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (August 2024). "Tyrant flycatchers". IOC World Bird List. Retrieved 19 August 2024. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "IOC14.2" defined multiple times with different content.

[2] Hosner, P. (2020). Slaty Elaenia (Elaenia strepera), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.slaela1.01 retrieved September 28, 2024

[3] McMullan, Miles; Donegan, Thomas M.; Quevedo, Alonso (2010). Field Guide to the Birds of Colombia. Bogotá: Fundación ProAves. p. 148. ISBN 978-0-9827615-0-2.

[SLEL-BOW-4] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "SLEL-BOW".

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