Socrates Chrestus
Socrates Chrestus (Girkanci: ; Chrestus ("The Good) ya mutu 90-88 BC) shi ne ɗan na biyu na Nicomedes III na Bitiniya . Ya kwace kursiyin Bithynian ta hanyar kawar da babban ɗan'uwansa ko ɗan'uwan kansa, Nicomedes IV na Bithynia.
Rayuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Akwai bayanai kadan game da Socrates. Muna da taƙaitaccen nassoshi daga Appian, Granius Licinianus, Justin da Memnon na Heraclea a cikin mahallin rikici a Asiya Ƙananan da kuma shiga tsakani na soja a cikin masarautun Bitiniya da Kapadokiya ta Mithridates VI, sarkin Pontus.
Socrates ɗan na biyu ne Nicomedes III tare da ƙwaraƙwarar da ake kira Hagne wanda ya fito daga Cyzicus. Ya aika da Socrates da Hagne zuwa Cyzicus tare da talanti 500. Yana da ɗan'uwa mai suna Nicomedes IV, da ƙananan 'yan uwa biyu mai suna Nysa da Pylaemenes III.
Lokacin da Nicomedes III ya mutu a shekara ta 94 KZ, Majalisar dattijai ta Roma ta nada Nicomedes IV ya zama sarkin Bithynia a matsayin magajinsa. Koyaya, Mithridates VI, sarkin Pontus, ya kafa Socrates a matsayin abokin hamayya ga Nicomedes. Mithridates ya ba Socrates kyakkyawar liyafa kuma ya kira shi Chrestus (The Good). Ya taimaka wa Socrates ya kwace kursiyin ta hanyar ba shi sojoji. Ya sanya Socrates a kan kursiyin ko da "ko da yake Socrates yana da halin natsuwa kuma ya yi tunanin yana da kyau cewa babban ɗan'uwansa ya yi mulki". Daga nan sai ya tura shi Roma don neman amincewarsa a matsayin sarki. Majalisar dattijai ta Roma ta ki amincewa da wannan.[1] Justin ya rubuta cewa Mithridates ya kori Nicomedes IV daga Bitiniya. Wataƙila ya rubuta wannan saboda Mithridates ne ya tsara mamayar Socrates. Nicomedes IV ya gudu zuwa Roma kuma ya nemi Romawa don taimako. Majalisar dattijai ta Roma ta ba da umarnin cewa duka Nicomedes IV da Cappadocia" id="mwOA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ariobarzanes I of Cappadocia">Ariobarzanes I na Cappadocia, wanda Mithridates ya tsige shi kuma ya kore shi daga Cappadotia, su iya komawa mulki jihohin su kuma sun ba da umurni ga Manius Aquillius da Manlius Maltinus don aiwatar da wannan. Bukatar Romawa ta yi nasara, duk da adawar Mithridates.[1]
Manius Aquillius, tare da taimakon Cassius, gwamnan lardin Romawa na Asiya, wanda ya tara babban karfi daga Galatiya da Frigia, ya dawo da Nicomedes IV da Ariobarzanes I.[1] A cewar Granius Licinianus, Socrates bai yi kishi ba don neman iko da masarautar, saboda yana da isasshen matsala daga abubuwan da ya faru a baya.[2] An ambaci waɗannan sabuntawa a cikin Periochae . Wani shigarwa don littafin Livy na 74 ya rubuta cewa a cikin 88 BC "[i]n Bithynia Nicomedes an mayar da shi ga kursiyin da Ariobarzanes a masarautar Cappadocia.
A cewar Granius Licinianus, Socrates ya koma Cyzicus. Ya kashe 'yar'uwarsa saboda haɗama. Dukkanin mutanen Cyzicus da Nicomedes IV sun bi shi kuma ya gudu zuwa tsibirin Girka na Euboea, inda wani Cornelius, wanda ya kasance Romawa ya maraba da shi. A cewar Justin, Mithridates ne ya kashe Socrates.