Sojojin Kasa da 'Yanci na Kenya
 Sojojin Kasa da 'Yanci na Kenya | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Iri |
armed non-state actor (en)  da guerrilla movement (en) |
| Ƙasa | Kenya |
| Ideology (en) |
Anticolonialism (en) |
| Aiki | |
| Bangare na | Tawayen Mau Mau |
| Tarihi | |
| Ƙirƙira | 1952 |
| Dissolved | 1960 |
Rundunar Sojojin Kasa da ‘Yanci ta Kenya ( KLFA ), wacce aka fi sani da Mau Mau, kungiyar ‘yan tawayen Kenya ce da ta yi yaki da Turawan mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya a Kenya a lokacin tawayen Mau Mau daga 1952 zuwa 1960. Membanta ya ƙunshi yawancin mutanen Kikuyu . KLFA ta kasance karkashin jagorancin Dedan Kimati don yawancin wanzuwarta. Bayan shekaru hudu, sojojin Birtaniya sun yi nasarar lalata KFLA ta hanyar soji, kuma an kama Kimathi kuma aka kashe shi a shekara ta 1957. Ko da yake an murkushe tawayen Mau Mau, amma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samun 'yancin kai na Kenya, wanda ya faru a shekara ta 1963.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Asalin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Mambobin KLFA sun ƙunshi yawancin mutanen Kikuyu, waɗanda yawancinsu jami'an mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya sun kwace musu filayensu kuma aka ba su fararen fata a farkon ƙarni na 20. KFLA ta amince da akidun 'yan kishin kasa da na 'yan mulkin mallaka na Afirka, kuma Dedan Kimathi ne ya jagorance ta a tsawon rayuwarta. [1]
Tashin Mau Mau
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]KFLA ta fara abin da a yanzu ake kira tawayen Mau Mau a 1952. Bayan shekaru hudu na hare-haren ta'addanci, sojojin Birtaniya sun yi nasarar kawar da KFLA a matsayin barazanar soji, kuma hukumomin mulkin mallaka sun kama Kimathi tare da kashe shi a 1957. An yi galaba akan tawayen Mau Mau a shekara ta 1960. [1]
A lokacin tawayen, Birtaniya ta kashe dubban 'yan tawayen KFLA, ciki har da mutane 1,090 da hukumomin mulkin mallaka suka kashe. Alkaluman hukuma sun bayyana cewa an kashe masu tada kayar baya 11,000, ko da yake hukumar kare hakkin dan Adam ta Kenya ta yi kiyasin cewa, an kashe 'yan Kenya 90,000, da azabtarwa ko kuma raunata a lokacin da ake murkushe su, kuma an tsare 160,000 cikin mummunan yanayi. Farfesa David Anderson na Jami'ar Oxford ya kiyasta cewa an kashe mutane kusan 25,000 a rikicin. Hukumar mulkin mallaka ta kuma kama akalla ‘yan Kenya 80,000 da ake zargi da alaka da KFLA a sansanonin da ake tsare da su, inda wasu kiyasin adadin wadanda ake tsare da su ya kai 320,000. Ana yawan azabtar da fursunoni, kuma a shekara ta 1959 masu gadin sansanin sun kashe fursunoni 11 a kisan kiyashin na Hola . [2] Kungiyar KFLA ta kuma tafka ta'asa da dama, ciki har da kisan kiyashin Lari, tare da kashe akalla fararen hula 1,819 na Kenya.
Tsarin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wani rukunin KFLA ya ƙunshi mahara 500 zuwa 2,000. Idan rundunar sojan ta kai dubunnan, Janar din ya samu taimakon Kanar da wani birgediya . [1] Sojojin KFLA sun hada da Chui, Kassam Njogu, China, Stanley Mathenge, Kubu Kubu da Bamuingi. Kama Kimathi a ranar 21 ga Oktoba 1956, ya gurgunta KFLA, kuma a karshe ya taka rawa wajen kawo karshen tawayen. [1]
Tsarin bayanai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman nasarorin da KFLA ta samu shine haɓaka ingantaccen tsarin bayanai mai inganci wanda ya haɗu da gogewar baki na talakawan Kenya tare da ayyukan bugu. An yi wakoki don isar da muhimman bayanai da kuma tada hankalin siyasa kuma a lokaci guda kuma za a buga jaridu. KFLA ta buga jaridu sama da 50 a cikin harsuna daban-daban kamar Swahili, Kikuyu da sauran harsunan Kenya . Mambobin KFLA suma sun samar da faifan sauti masu yawa kuma suna da nasu na'urorin.
Bayan da tasiri
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ko da yake an murkushe tawayen Mau Mau a ƙarshe, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samun 'yancin kai na Kenya, wanda ya faru a ranar 12 ga Disamba 1963 . Bayan samun 'yancin kai, tsohon janar na KFLA Bamuingi ya ci gaba da jagorantar tawagar tsaffin 'yan tawayen KFLA da jami'an tsaron Kenya da ke aiki karkashin Jomo Kenyatta suka kashe. Sun koma cikin dazuzzuka a cikin 1965 don yakar sabuwar gwamnatin Kenya, suna masu ikirarin 'yancin kai kawai masu goyon bayan Burtaniya da masu sassaucin ra'ayi na siyasa ke amfana. An baje kolin gawarwakinsu a Garin Meru na tsawon kwanaki uku a matsayin "shugabannin karshe na 'yan ta'addar 'yancin Mau-Mau".