Sophia Elisabet Brenner

Sophia Elisabet Brenner, née Weber (29 Afrilu 1659 - 14 Satumba Shekara ta 1730), marubuciya ce ta Sweden, mawaƙi, mata kuma mai masaukin baki.

Tarihin Rayuwa

An haifi Sophia Elisabet Brenner ga magini Niklas Weber, wanda ya kasance Bajamushe baƙi, da Kristina Spoor

An ba ta babban ilimi ga wata mace a cikin arni na 17 a Sweden. Da yake ƴaƴar Bajamushe ɗan ƙaura, tana iya magana da Jamusanci da Yaren mutanen Sweden, kuma ta yi karatun Latin. An yi mata rajista a Makarantar Yara maza ta Jamus a Stockholm. Wannan ba na musamman ba ne - tun 1575, an ba wa 'yan mata izinin zama almajirai a azuzuwan farko na makaranta a Sweden - amma duk da haka ba na kowa ba: an ba da rahoton cewa ita kaɗai ce yarinya a makarantarta. Daga baya kuma, ta kara karatu a gida, maza masu koyar da ilimi. Ɗaya daga cikin masu koyar da ita ita ce KA Zellinius, wanda ta rubuta waƙar jana'izar a 1676. Ta koyi harsuna shida da kyau don tsara waƙa a cikin su duka. [1]

A cikin 1680, ta auri mai zane-zanen miniaturist da jami'in Elias Brenner. Ta zama mahaifiyar 'ya'ya 15, hudu ne kawai suka rage mata. Bayan aurenta, ta zama mai masaukin baki na da'irar wallafe-wallafe da fasaha: daga cikin fitattun da ke yawan zuwa gidanta da mijinta akwai shahararren dan wasan kwaikwayo Aurora Königsmarck, mai zane Anna Maria Ehrenstrahl, mawallafin Johan Runius da likita da marubuci Urban Hjärne, wanda aka sani da adawa da gwajin mayya.

Marubuci

Sophia Elisabet Brenner ta sami kwarin gwiwa daga matar aurenta da abokansa masu fasaha don ci gaba da karatunta da rubuce-rubucenta a lokacin aurenta: An san ta tana aiki a matsayin marubuci tun daga shekara ta bayan aurenta har zuwa mutuwarta: babbar waƙar da aka sani ita ce waƙar jana'izarta a kan malaminta a 1676.

Ta yi nazarin wakokin Dutch, Faransanci da Italiyanci, kuma ta samar da waƙa a cikin duk waɗannan harsunan ban da Yaren mutanen Holland: yaren da aka fi sani da ita shi ne Jamusanci. Hanyar rubutunta an kira ta ta sirri da kankare fiye da yadda aka saba a zamaninta.

Galibin wakokinta sun shafi bukukuwan aure, jana’iza, taya murna da bukukuwan jama’a ko masu zaman kansu, musamman mata da yara. Ba ta yi rubutu don kuɗi ba, ta shirya wakokinta ga abokai da masu kyautatawa. Daga cikin nata samfurin wahayi akwai ayyukan marubucin zabura na Danish Thomas Kingo, da mawaƙan Sweden Samuel Columbus da Petrus Lagerlöf .

Sophia Elisabet Brenner ta wakilci wani nau'i na mata a lokacinta: a cikin waƙoƙinta, ta kare haƙƙin mata don ilimantar da kansu a matsayin masu koyar da kansu a gida kuma ta nace cewa mata ba su da ƙarancin ilimi ga maza. Ta zama sananniya a matsayin abin koyi na mace malami ba kawai a Sweden ba har ma a kasashen waje, musamman a Jamus, kuma an yi bikin ne saboda haka ta hanyar aikin Testimoniorum fasciculus, wanda Urban Hjärne ya shirya. An kira ta "Sappho na biyu" da "muse na goma", kuma an gabatar da ita a matsayin amsar Sweden ga wasu sanannun malaman mata a Turai ta zamani.

Ita kanta ta bayyana cewa aikinta na marubuci bai yi mata cikas ba a matsayinta na ma’aurata da iyaye, kuma yana yiwuwa ta yi duka biyun.

A lokacin Babban Yaƙin Arewa, ta nuna kishin ƙasa amma kuma ta kwatanta duk munanan illolin wahalhalu na lokacin yaƙi.

An kira Brenner a matsayin mace ta farko a Sweden saboda waƙarta Det Qwinliga Könetz rätmätige Förswar (Kariyar da ta dace da jima'i) a cikin 1693, an yi imanin cewa ta sami wahayi daga abokantaka da Aurora Köningsmarck. Ayyukan da aka ambata a matsayin mafi kyawunta shine waƙar addinai Wårs Herres och Frälsares Jesu Christi alldraheligaste pijons historia (Mafi Girman Shahada ta Ubangijinmu da Mai Cetonmu Yesu Almasihu) daga 1710. A shekara ta 1713, ta buga tarin dukan waƙoƙinta, kuma ta haka ne ta zama mace ta farko da ta buga kanta a matsayin mawaƙi a cikin harshen Yaren mutanen Sweden.

Tana da ra'ayin cewa maza da mata a hankali ɗaya ne kuma sun bambanta kawai a jikinsu da sauran su. Ta bayyana wannan ra'ayi a cikin waƙar da ta naɗa ga sarki Ulrika Eleonora, Sarauniyar Sweden a 1719:

Lallai ba ruwansu da wane kalar tufafin maigida. ko me ake ce musu, idan ya san yadda ake ajiye jirgi. da kawo shi daga guguwa zuwa harbor. Jikinmu ba komai ba ne sai tufafin ruhinmu wanda ya banbanta shi da ita, Amma ga ruhi, yana da kyau haka. eh ma yafi, a jikin mace dayawa

Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukanta ita ce waƙar sha'awa ga mai zane Anna Maria Ehrenstrahl, wanda kuma ya ambaci aikinta a matsayin mai zane kuma dukansu biyu a matsayin mata masu fasaha na farko:

Idan ni daga cikin haifuwar rimes don jin daɗi na.
An bayyana sha'awar ku ta aikinku. Ko da yake wani lokaci fasaha na iya kashe mu sa'o'i, Babu wata hanya mafi kyau da za a tuna da ita. Bari hassada ta yi baƙin ciki a kanmu, Bari mutuwa ta tada bakansa.
Don kada ku tsoratar da fensin ku, ko alkalami na.

A cikin National Portrait Gallery (Sweden) na Gripsholm, wanda aka bude a cikin 1822, ta kasance daya daga cikin mata shida na farko na tarihin Sweden wanda aka ba da hoto a cikin tarin, tare da Bridget na Sweden, Hedvig Charlotta Nordenflycht, Barbro Stigsdotter (Svinhufvud) hattede Skyne Rosen da Rosen Sophia.

Duba kuma

Catharina Ahlgren asalin
Hedvig Catharina Lilje

Manazarta

Steinberg, SH "Brenner, Sofia Ekisabet, née Weber." Cassell's Encyclopedia of World Literature. New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1953.
Bohman, Nils (ed.), Svenska män och kvinnor: biografisk uppslagsbok. 1, AB, Bonnier, Stockholm, 1942 (Yaren mutanen Sweden)
Olsson, Bernt & Algulin, Ingemar, Litteraturens historia i Sverige, 5. , [Rev. oh utök.] uppl. , Norstedt, Stockholm, 2009 (Yaren mutanen Sweden)
Österberg, Carin, Lewenhaupt, Inga & Wahlberg, Anna Greta, Svenska kvinnor: föregångare nyskapare, Signum, Lund, 1990 (Yaren mutanen Sweden)
Anteckningar om svenska qvinnor (Yaren mutanen Sweden)
AL Stjerneld (a rana): Gripsholmgalleriet, Stockholm, 1833 (Yaren mutanen Sweden)
Sophia Elisabet Brenner (f. Weber), urn:sbl:16945, Svenskt biografiskt lexikon (art av Gunnar Castrén.), hämtad 2015-09-19. Archived 2025-03-16 at the Wayback Machine

Kara karantawa

Sophia Elisabet Brenner at Svenskt kvinnobiografiskt lexikon

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