Space Shuttle
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Bangare na |
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Amfani |
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Ƙasa da aka fara | Tarayyar Amurka |
Start point (en) ![]() |
Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 (en) ![]() |
First flight (en) ![]() | 12 ga Afirilu, 1981 |
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Space Shuttle
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Daga Wikipedia, encyclopedia na kyauta Inertial Upper Stage
Zanen Ulysses da aka tura daga Jirgin Sama Kamfanin Boeing United Technologies Ƙasar asalin Amurka Ana amfani da Jirgin Saman Sama Titan 34D Titan IV Halayen gabaɗaya Tsayi 5.2m (tafiya 17)[1] Diamita 2.8m (9 ft 2 in) Babban nauyi 14,700 kg (32,400 lb) Matakan da ke da alaƙa Abubuwan da aka samu na TOS Kaddamar da tarihi Matsayin Ritaya Jimlar ƙaddamarwa 24 Nasara (Mataki kawai) 21 An kasa 2 Ƙananan mataki kasa 1 Jirgin farko 30 Oktoba 1982 Jirgi na ƙarshe 14 Fabrairu 2004[2] Matakin farko Tsayi 3.15 m (10.3 ft)[3] Diamita 2.34 m (7 ft 8 a)[4] Babban nauyi 10,400 kg (22,900 lb)[5] Matsakaicin nauyi 9,700 kg (21,400 lb)[6] Orbus-21 ne ke ƙarfafa shi Matsakaicin matsawa 190 kN (43,000 lbf)[7] Takamaiman motsawa 295.5 s (2.898 km/s)[3] Lokacin ƙonewa har zuwa daƙiƙa 150[8] Propellant Solid Mataki na biyu Tsayi 1.98 m (6 ft 6 a)[9] Diamita 1.60 m (5 ft 3 a)[10] Babban nauyi 3,000 kg (6,600 lb) Matsakaicin nauyi 2,700 kg (6,000 lb)[11] Orbus-6 ne ke ƙarfafa shi Matsakaicin matsawa 80 kN (18,000 lbf)[12] Takamaiman motsawa 289.1 s (2.835 km/s)[13] Ƙarƙashin Ƙarfafawa Inertial Upper Stage (IUS), wanda asalinsa aka zayyana Babban Matsayi na wucin gadi, tsarin harba sararin samaniya ne mai hawa biyu, mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi wanda Boeing ya ƙirƙira don Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Amurka wanda ya fara a shekara ta alif 1976[14] don haɓaka kayan aiki daga ƙananan kewayar duniya zuwa. mafi girma orbits ko hanyoyin interplanetary bayan harba a kan wani roka Titan 34D ko Titan IV a matsayin babban matakinsa, ko kuma daga mashigar sararin samaniyar sararin samaniya. tuwon sararin samaniya.
Ci gaba
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A lokacin ci gaba da Jirgin Saman Sararin Samaniya, NASA, tare da tallafi daga Sojan Sama, yana son matakin babba wanda za'a iya amfani da shi akan Jirgin don isar da kaya daga ƙananan kewayar duniya zuwa mafi girman makamashi kamar GTO ko GEO ko don tserewa saurin sararin samaniya. bincike. ’Yan takarar su ne Centaur, wanda ruwa ya yi amfani da hydrogen da iskar oxygen mai ruwa, Transtage, wanda ke motsa shi ta hanyar hypergolic storable propellants Aerozine-50 da dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4), da Matsayin Babban Matsayi na wucin gadi, ta amfani da ingantaccen mai. DOD ya ruwaito cewa Transtage zai iya tallafawa duk bukatun tsaro amma ba zai iya biyan bukatun kimiyya na NASA ba, IUS na iya tallafawa yawancin bukatun tsaro da wasu ayyukan kimiyya, yayin da Centaur zai iya biyan duk bukatun Sojan Sama da NASA. An fara haɓakawa a kan duka Centaur da IUS, kuma an ƙara mataki na biyu zuwa ƙirar IUS wanda za a iya amfani da shi ko dai azaman motar harbin apogee don shigar da kaya kai tsaye zuwa sararin samaniya ko kuma ƙara yawan adadin da aka kawo don tserewa gudu.[15]Boeing shi ne ɗan kwangila na farko na IUS[16] yayin da Sashen Tsarin Siyayyar Sinadarai na United Technologies suka gina ingantattun injunan roka na IUS.[17]
Lokacin da aka harba shi daga Jirgin Saman Sararin Samaniya, IUS na iya isar da nauyin kilogiram 2,270 (5,000 lb) kai tsaye zuwa GEO ko har zuwa kilogiram 4,940 (10,890 lb) zuwa GTO.[18]
Ƙaddamar da IUS ta farko a cikin 1982 akan roka Titan 34D daga tashar jiragen sama na Cape Canaveral jim kaɗan kafin aikin STS-6 Space Shuttle.[19]
An dakatar da ci gaban Shuttle-Centaur bayan bala'in ƙalubalen, kuma Matsayin Sama na wucin gadi ya zama Matsayin Babban Matsayi na Inertial.
Zane
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Motar roka mai ƙarfi a kan matakan biyu yana da bututun ƙarfe don turawa. Mataki na biyu yana da jiragen sama masu sarrafa motsin hydrazine don sarrafa hali yayin tafiya, da kuma rabuwa da kaya.[20] Dangane da manufa, ana iya shigar da tankunan hydrazine ɗaya, biyu ko uku 54 kg (120 lb).[21]
Aikace-Aikace
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Jirgin sama
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]![]() | |
---|---|
rocket model (en) ![]() ![]() | |
![]() | |
Bayanai | |
Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
reusable launch vehicle (en) ![]() |
Bangare na |
Space Shuttle program (en) ![]() |
Amfani |
orbital spaceflight (en) ![]() |
Ƙasa da aka fara | Tarayyar Amurka |
Start point (en) ![]() |
Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 (en) ![]() |
First flight (en) ![]() | 12 ga Afirilu, 1981 |
Powered by (en) ![]() |
Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster (en) ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Gallery
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]TDRS-C a cikin Space Shuttle Discovery's payload bay TDRS-C a cikin Space Shuttle Discovery's payload bay
Sakin TDRS-C Sakin TDRS-C
Ulysses sun yi amfani da haɗin PAM-S da IUS Ulysses sun yi amfani da haɗin PAM-S da IUS
Babban Matsayin Inertial a Gidan Tarihi na Jirgin Sama a Seattle Babban Matsayin Inertial a Gidan Tarihi na Jirgin Sama a Seattle
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-iusa-1
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-final-2
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-iusb-3
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-iusb-3
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-iusb-3
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-iusa-1
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-iusa-1
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-iusa-1
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-iusb-3
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-iusb-3
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-iusa-1
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-iusa-1
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-iusb-3
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-4
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-5
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-6
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-7
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-iusb-3
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-8
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-STS-30-press-kit-9
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage#cite_note-STS-30-press-kit-9