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Stella Court Treatt

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Stella Court Treatt
Rayuwa
Haihuwa Randfontein (en) Fassara, 11 ga Maris, 1895
ƙasa United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
Mutuwa Johannesburg, 20 Disamba 1976
Sana'a
Sana'a mai fim din shirin gaskiya

Stella Maud Court Treatt, FRGS (née Hinds; 1895 - 1976) ta kasance mai shirya fina-finai na Afirka ta Kudu, marubuciya, kuma mai kasada wanda tare da mijinta na farko Chaplin Court Treatt suka gudanar da Kotun Treatt Expedition 1924-1926, ƙoƙari na farko da ya yi nasara don fitar da mota daga Cape Town zuwa Alkahira.

Farkon rayuwar mutum

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An haifi Stella Maud Hinds a Blaauwbank, Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu, a ranar 11 ga Maris 1895 . [1][2] Mahaifinta shi ne Thomas Charles Hinds, wani birni na Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek tare da gona kusa da Magaliesburg.[3] 'Yar'uwar Stella, (Hilda) Grace Hinds, ita ce mahaifiyar John Cranko, mai rawa da kuma dan wasan kwaikwayo na Afirka ta Kudu.Mijin Grace, Herbert Cranko, ya taimaka wajen tara kuɗi da samun izini don tafiyar Stella ta gaba tare da Chaplin Court Treatt daga Cape zuwa Alkahira.

A cikin 1923, Stella ta auri Major Chaplin Court Treatt, wani Jami'in Royal Flying Corps wanda aka ba shi aikin binciken da gina filayen jirgin sama don yankin kudancin hanyar jirgin saman Trans-African.[4] [Littafi na 1]A cikin 1924, bayan wani lokaci na samun izini a Ingila, Stella da Chaplin Court Treatt, tare da ɗan'uwan Stella, Errol Hinds, da sauransu da yawa, sun yi tafiya ta mota ta watanni goma sha bakwai daga Cape Town zuwa Alkahira.[5] A cikin 1926, Treatts sun yi tafiya zuwa Sudan na Anglo-Masar, don yin fim din fim din namun daji. Stella Maud Treatt da Chaplin Court Treatt sun sake aure bayan tafiye-tafiye da yawa tare a wani lokaci a 1935 ko 1936. [6] name="Crossleymotors1" /> A shekara ta 1937, Stella ta auri Robert "Bob" Mosley Yeo, likita wanda ke kula da ita a Afirka ta Kudu, kuma sun koma Indiya. Stella daga ƙarshe ta koma Afirka ta Kudu tare da Robert Yeo . Stella Maud Mosley Yeo ta mutu a Johannesburg a ranar 20 ga Disamba 1976. [7]

Tafiyar Cape zuwa Alkahira

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  Binciken Kotun Treatt shine ƙoƙari na farko da ya yi nasara don fitar da mota daga Cape Town ("Cape"), Afirka ta Kudu, zuwa Alkahira, Misira. [Littafi na 1]Jam'iyyar ta kunshi Stella Court Treatt, Chaplin Court Treat, Thomas A. Glover, mai daukar hoto, Fred C. Law, wakilin musamman na London Daily Express, ɗan'uwan Stella Errol, Julius Mapata, jagorar tafiyar da mai fassara, da Kyaftin F.C. Blunt da Mista McEleavey, wakilan kamfanin Crossley Motor.[8][9]

A ranar 13 ga Satumba 1924 sun tashi daga Cape Town a cikin motoci biyu na Crossley 25/30 tare da jikin motoci masu sauƙi.[10] Sun isa Alkahira watanni goma sha shida bayan haka, a ranar 24 ga Janairun 1926.[11] Hanyarsu ta kasance mai juyawa kuma cike da hanyoyi da aka ruwaito cewa sun yi tafiya fiye da kilomita 12,000. [Littafi na 1]An tsara tafiyar a bayyane bayan salon Cecil Rhodes na "ja line" wanda ke haɗa Cape Town zuwa Alkahira, kuma sun ƙuntata hanyarsu zuwa yankuna a ƙarƙashin mulkin Burtaniya.[12] [Littafi na 2]Labarin Fred Law game da farkon tafiyar, Mace Pioneer of Empire: Cape to Cairo venture Begun (Daily Express, 24 Satumba 1924), ya fara ne da kiran Mwaya" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Rhodesia">Rhodesia' hangen nesa na hanyar sadarwa da hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa da ke haɗa dukiyar mulkin mallaka ta Burtaniya don samar da fararen Zambia da kuma rinjaye mafi inganci na nahiyar da mutanenta: Malawi na biyu zuwa ga cikawar Cecil Rhodes' / Tan Tanyayayaya / Mataki / Mataki da suka fara da ita: Mataki / Mandya / Matuki da suka wucewa / Mataki: Mataki:

Kudancin Sudan

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Jirgin ya bar Nairobi a ranar 10 ga Oktoba 1925 kuma ya isa Mongala bayan kwana takwas, inda Manjo Roy Brock, Mataimakin Gwamna na Lardin Mongalla ya karbe su. Bayan sun ki amincewa da tayin jigilar motocinsu ta hanyar tururi don wucewa Sudd, manyan wuraren da ke tsakiyar Sudan ta Kudu, sun sake tashi a ranar 25 ga Oktoba 1925 tare da manufar isa Terekeka, wanda ya kasance kusan kilomita 60 a arewa. Hanyarsu ta kai su ta hanyar Rumbek, Tonj, Aweil, da kuma fadin Kogin Lol sannan kuma Kogin Kiir kuma a ƙarshe zuwa Muglad da Al-Ubayyid, wanda suka isa a ranar 20 ga Disamba 1925. Ba sa yin fiye da mil takwas a kowace rana, sau da yawa suna buƙatar dogaro da mutane (sau da yawa daruruwan lokaci guda) da ke zaune a kan hanyar don jan da ja da raft ko iyo motocinsu a fadin koguna da kuma jan su ta cikin maras kyau.[13][9]

Komawa Ingila

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Lokacin da Treatts suka koma Ingila, "an yi bikin tafiyarsu a matsayin nasarar ruhun Burtaniya da fifiko na injiniyan Burtaniya. " A cikin 1927, ba da daɗewa ba bayan dawowarsu, Stella ta buga Cape to Cairo: The Record of a Historic Motor Journey da fim din balaguron, Cape to Cairo, an nuna shi a Burtaniya da Amurka, "tare da laccoci da tambayoyi da yawa da suka hada da Stella Court Treatt. [14] Jaridu da masu talla sun canza Treatts zuwa shahararrun mutane, tare da Crossley Motors da Kamfanin Rubber na Arewacin Burtaniya suna gudanar da tallace-tallace tare da ganawa da Stella.

Janar Strike na 1926, wanda ya fara watanni uku bayan dawowarsu Ingila, ya ba da labari ga labarin Stella game da balaguron Treatt. Early Women Motorists, 2008, Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 146. Stella ta sadu da Sarki George V da Sarauniya Maryamu a Fadar Buckingham, kuma kamfanin daukar hoto na London Bassano Ltd, Royal Photographers ne ya ɗauki hotonta.[15][16]

Tafiyar Sudan

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A cikin 1928, bayan sun kwashe shekaru biyu a Ingila, Treatts sun sake tashi zuwa Sudan don yin hoto mai motsi na namun daji na Sudan.[1] Tafiyarsu ta fara ne a Port Sudan kuma ta ci gaba da tsawon hanyar jirgin kasa zuwa El Obeid, suna ɗaukar Treatts ta wurare kamar Abu Gabra waɗanda suka ziyarta a lokacin tafiyarsu ta Cape-to-Cairo.[1] An samar da fina-finai biyu, Stampede (1930) da Stark Nature (1930).

Stampede wani soyayya ne wanda Stella ta rubuta wanda ya shafi wani mutum mai suna Boru da kuma yadda ya sami soyayya da Loweno kuma ya ƙare ya zama "Sheikh", bayan da farko ya zama maraya, lokacin da zaki ya kashe mahaifiyarsa, kuma wani Sheikh na Habbaniya ya karbe shi, wanda daga baya ya rasa ransa tare da ɗansa a lokacin fari, don haka ya buɗe matsayin Sheikh ga Boru. An shirya fim din ne a kan wani nau'i na nuna wariyar launin fata na 'Afirkawa na farko' da kuma kusanci dabbobin daji. [17]

Stark Nature (1930) an kuma shirya shi a kusa da irin wannan yanayin gani na 'Afirkawa na farko' da 'Turai na zamani'. [18] Fim din ya buɗe tare da rawa na cabaret a London don samar da bambanci da rawa na Afirka. A cikin Sudan Sand: yin fim da Larabawa (1930) Stella ta bayyana gina kogi na wucin gadi don samar da wuri mai dacewa don fim din namun daji: "akwai gandun daji da yawa fiye da yadda muka san abin da za mu yi da shi. Babban wahalar ta kasance a gano gandun daji mai dacewa tare da hanyar ruwa ta halitta da ke gudana a wuri ɗaya. " Kamar labarin Cape zuwa Alkahira (1927), labarin Sudan Sand (1930) yana kewaye da matsalolin da Treatts suka haɗu da su yi ƙoƙarin tilasta wa batutuwan mulkin mallaka su tono kogi ba tare da biyan diyya ko kayan aikin zafi na Afirka ba. [Littafi na 1] {{Cquote|A lot of men have been at work on the 'river,' and it is beginning to look quite convincing, although, because of the laziness of the Arabs it is still quite shallow.|author=Stella Court Treatt|source=Sudan Sand: filming the baggara Arabs, 1930, George G. Harrap & Company Ltd., pp. 72. Stark Nature (1930) ya sami ra'ayoyi masu ban sha'awa. Wasu sun koka cewa duk yanke tsakanin jerin rawa na "na farko da na zamani" an wuce gona da iri; wasu sun rubuta cewa labarin ya yi yawa ga "fim din halitta".[19]

Ayyukan da aka buga

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Rubuce-rubuce

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Hotunan fina-finai

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Dubi kuma

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Bayani

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Manazarta

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  1. ↑ name="Crossleymotors1">Asquith, Malcolm (2015). "The Court Treatt Expedition 1924-1926: Expedition members". crossley-motors.org.uk. Retrieved June 6, 2017.
  2. ↑ name="Zalmanovich2009">Zalmanovich, Tal (2009). "'Woman Pioneer of Empire': the making of a female colonial celebrity". Postcolonial Studies. 12 (2): 193–210. doi:10.1080/13688790902887171. S2CID 159704238.
  3. ↑ "Gauteng, KRUGERSDORP district, Magaliesburg, Zuickerboschfontein 151, Blaauwbank, farm cemetery_1". eggsa.org. The eGGSA Library. Archived from the original on October 27, 2015. Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  4. ↑ Tuttle, Brendan (2019). ""As imposing a show as possible": Aviation in Colonial Sudan and South Sudan, 1916-1930". jubainthemaking.com. Juba in the Making. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
  5. ↑ name="Crossleymotors1">Asquith, Malcolm (2015). "The Court Treatt Expedition 1924-1926: Expedition members". crossley-motors.org.uk. Retrieved June 6, 2017.
  6. ↑ Zalmanovich, Tal (June 2009). "'Woman Pioneer of Empire': the making of a female colonial celebrity". Postcolonial Studies. 12 (2): 193–210. doi:10.1080/13688790902887171.
  7. ↑ "YEO Robert, MOSLEY 1908-1955 & Stella Maud HINDS 1895-1976 :: MARTIN Hilda Grace nee HINDS 1897-1985". eggsa.org. The eGGSA Library. Retrieved June 9, 2017.[permanent dead link]
  8. ↑ name="Crossleymotors1">Asquith, Malcolm (2015). "The Court Treatt Expedition 1924-1926: Expedition members". crossley-motors.org.uk. Retrieved June 6, 2017.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Zalmanovich, Tal (2009). "'Woman Pioneer of Empire': the making of a female colonial celebrity". Postcolonial Studies. 12 (2): 193–210. doi:10.1080/13688790902887171. S2CID 159704238.
  10. ↑ Asquith, Malcolm (2015). "The Court Treatt Expedition 1924-1926: The Expedition Vehicles". Crossley Motors History. Archived from the original on 21 April 2016. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  11. ↑ Asquith, Malcolm (2015). "The Expedition - Part 1 Cape Town to Victoria Falls". crossley-motors.org.uk. Retrieved June 6, 2017.
  12. ↑ name="Zalmanovich2009">Zalmanovich, Tal (2009). "'Woman Pioneer of Empire': the making of a female colonial celebrity". Postcolonial Studies. 12 (2): 193–210. doi:10.1080/13688790902887171. S2CID 159704238.
  13. ↑ name="Crossleymotors7">Asquith, Malcolm (2015). "The Expedition Part 3 - Sudan and Egypt". crossley-motors.org.uk. Retrieved June 6, 2017.
  14. ↑ name="Zalmanovich2009">Zalmanovich, Tal (2009). "'Woman Pioneer of Empire': the making of a female colonial celebrity". Postcolonial Studies. 12 (2): 193–210. doi:10.1080/13688790902887171. S2CID 159704238.
  15. ↑ name="Zalmanovich2009">Zalmanovich, Tal (2009). "'Woman Pioneer of Empire': the making of a female colonial celebrity". Postcolonial Studies. 12 (2): 193–210. doi:10.1080/13688790902887171. S2CID 159704238.
  16. ↑ "Stella Court Treatt, Wife of Major Court Treatt". npg.org.uk. National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved June 10, 2017.
  17. ↑ Rice, Tom (2008). "Stampede". colonialfilm.org.uk. Colonial Film: Moving Images of the British Empire.
  18. ↑ name="Rice 2008">Rice, Tom (2008). "Stark Nature". colonialfilm.org.uk. Colonial Film: Moving Images of the British Empire.
  19. ↑ name="Rice 2008">Rice, Tom (2008). "Stark Nature". colonialfilm.org.uk. Colonial Film: Moving Images of the British Empire.
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