Susan Ofori-Atta
Susan Barbara Gyankorama Ofori-Atta, also de Graft-Johnson (1917 – July 1985) was a Ghanaian medical doctor who was the first female doctor on the Gold Coast.[1][2][3] She was the first Ghanaian woman and fourth West African woman to earn a university degree.[4][5] Ofori-Atta was also the fourth West African woman to become a physician after the Nigerians Agnes Yewande Savage (1929), Elizabeth Abimbola Awoliyi (1938) and Sierra Leone Creole, Irene Ighodaro (1944).[6][7][8][9] In 1933, Sierra Leonean political activist and higher education pioneer, Edna Elliot-Horton became the second West African woman university graduate and the first to earn a bachelor's degree in the liberal arts.[4] Eventually Ofori-Atta became a medical officer-in-charge at the Kumasi Hospital, and later, she assumed in charge of the Princess Louise Hospital for Women.[4] Her contemporary was Matilda J. Clerk, the second Ghanaian woman and fifth West African woman to become a physician, who was also educated at Achimota and Edinburgh.[4] Ofori-Atta was made an Honorary Doctor of Science by the University of Ghana for her work on malnutrition in children, and received the Royal Cross from Pope John Paul II when he visited Ghana in 1980, in recognition of her offering of free medical services at her clinic. She helped to establish the Women's Society for Public Affairs and was a Foundation Fellow of the Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences.[10] Her achievements were a symbol of inspiration to aspiring women physicians in Ghana.[10]
Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wani mamba na fitacciyar masarautar Ofori-Atta, Susan Ofori-Atta an haife shi a Kyebi, Gold Coast (Ghana a yau), a cikin 1917 ga Nana Sir Ofori Atta I, Okyenhene da Paramount Chief na Akyem Abuakwa Traditional Area, da matarsa Nana Akosua Duodu. [10][11]
Susan Ofori-Atta ta sami karatun firamare a St. Mary's Convent a Elmina a kusa da 1921 kuma ta shiga Makarantar Achimota a 1929 don karatun sakandare. [10] Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin ɗaliban majagaba bayan buɗewa a 1927 na kwalejin, inda ta kasance Prefect of Girls' School a shekarunta na ƙarshe kuma ta zauna don Takardar shaidar Makarantar Cambridge. [10] Ta yi karatun haihuwa a makarantar horar mai haihuwa ta Korle-Bu, ta kammala a shekarar 1935, kuma ta ci gaba da horo a aikin haihuwa a Scotland.[10] Bayan karatunta na sakandare, ta yi aiki a Asibitin Koyarwa na Korle-Bu . Ta ci gaba da karatunta a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Edinburgh, inda ta sami digiri na MBChB a shekarar 1947. [10][1] An tallafa mata karatunsu a kasashen waje ta hanyar kudaden da mahaifinta mai arziki, Ofori Atta I, ya bar mata, wanda ya mutu a 1943 yayin da take dalibi a Edinburgh.[10]
Ayyuka da shawarwari
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ofori-Atta ta fara aikinta a matsayin mai juna biyu sannan ta yi karatu don zama Likitan yara, ta sa Ya zama likita na farko a Gold Coast (wanda yanzu ake kira Ghana). [10] A shekara ta 1960, ta ba da lokacinta a asibitin Kongo wanda ba shi da ma'aikata.[12] A lokacin da take jami'in kiwon lafiya a asibitin Princess Marie Louise, an kira ta "mmofra doctor" (likitan yara). [11] Ta bar asibitin Princess Marie Louise don shiga Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Ghana, inda ta kasance memba mai kafa Sashen Kula da Yara kafin ta fara aikin likitanci na mata da yara a asibitin ta, asibitin Accra . [10] Ta kuma kasance diflomasiyya a Kwalejin Royal na Likitocin haihuwa da Gynaecology (1949) da Kwalejin Roya ta Kula da Yara da Lafiya (1958). [1]
Ta kasance mai kare hakkin mata da yara kuma ta yi adawa da tsarin rabon gado na Akan, ta ba da shawarar kafa doka don magance matsalar tare da ba wa ma'aurata da 'ya'yansu damar gadon ma'auratan da suka rasu da ubanni da suka mutu.[10] Kokarinta ya haifar da Dokar Succession ta PNDC da aka gabatar a shekarar 1985.[10] Ta kasance mamba a Majalisar Zartarwa ta 1969 wadda ta tsara kundin tsarin mulkin Jamhuriyar Ghana ta biyu. [10]
Jami'ar Ghana ta girmama ta a shekara ta 1974 tare da Dokta na Kimiyya mai daraja don aikin bincike na farko game da Rashin abinci mai gina jiki na yara - "Kwashiorkor", kalmar da ta kirkiro wanda ya zama kalmar likita a cikin al'ummar duniya.[10][11] Ta kasance mai aiki a cikin Cocin Katolika a Ghana, musamman Diocese na Accra . [10] Ta kasance memba na zartarwa na Tarayyar Kungiyar Likitocin Katolika kuma memba na Kungiyar Likistocin Katolika ta Ghana . [10]
Rayuwa da iyali
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]She was married to E. V. C. de Graft-Johnson, a barrister-at-law based in Accra and a cousin of Joseph W.S. de Graft-Johnson, vice-president of Ghana from 1979 to 1981.[10] During the 1960s, E. V. C. de Graft Johnson held a one-man protest on a matter of legal principle outside the Supreme Court buildings.[13] After the ban on multiparty democracy was lifted in 1969, E. V. C. de Graft-Johnson became the Leader and General Secretary of the now-defunct All People's Party. In 1979, E.V.C. de Graft-Johnson was the vice-chairman of the centre-left party, Social Democratic Front (SDF).[ana buƙatar hujja][<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">citation needed</span>]
Yayan Susan Ofori-Atta shi ne William Ofori-Atta, ɗan siyasan Gold Coast kuma lauya, tsohon ministan harkokin waje kuma ɗaya daga cikin jagororin kafa ƙungiyar United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC) da kuma memba na "Big Six", ƙungiyar masu fafutukar siyasa da gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta Burtaniya ta tsare bayan 1948 a Accra tashe tashen hankulan na Accra, ya fara gwagwarmayar 'yancin kai na Ghana 19. Kofi Asante Ofori-Atta, ministan kananan hukumomi a jam'iyyar Convention People's Party (CPP) ta gwamnatin Kwame Nkrumah, sannan kuma shugaban majalisar dokokin Ghana. Kanwarta ita ce Adeline Akufo-Addo, Uwargidan Shugaban Ghana a lokacin Jamhuriyya ta Biyu.
Mutuwa da gado
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Susan Ofori-Atta ta mutu ne a watan Yulin 1985 a Ingila. [10] Gidan 'yan mata a alma mater, Makarantar Achimota, an sanya mata suna.[14]
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Jerin lokaci na mata a kimiyya
- Mata a cikin magani
Bayanan da aka ambata
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Abubuwan da aka haɗu daga Susan Gyankorama de Graft-Johnson . Dubi Talk: Susan Gyankorama na Graft-Johnson.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Tetty, Charles (1985). "Medical Practitioners of African Descent in Colonial Ghana". The International Journal of African Historical Studies. 18 (1): 139–144. doi:10.2307/217977. JSTOR 217977. PMID 11617203. S2CID 7298703. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":2" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Ferry, Georgina (November 2018). "Agnes Yewande Savage, Susan Ofori-Atta, and Matilda Clerk: three pioneering doctors". The Lancet (in Turanci). 392 (10161): 2258–2259. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32827-7. ISSN 0140-6736. S2CID 53713242.
- ↑ "Susan Ofori-Atta, the first Ghanaian female doctor in the Gold Coast -". Ghanaian Museum (in Turanci). 2020-01-19. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedPatton1996 - ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedRathbone1993 - ↑ "CAS Students to Lead Seminar On University's African Alumni, Pt. IV: Agnes Yewande Savage". Postgrads from the Edge. 16 November 2016. Archived from the original on 5 August 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2017.
- ↑ "Tabitha Medical Center | Celebrating African Women in Medicine". www.tabithamedicalcenter.com (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 6 December 2017. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
- ↑ Mitchell, Henry (November 2016). "Dr Agnes Yewande Savage – West Africa's First Woman Doctor (1906-1964)". Centre of African Studies. Archived from the original on 5 August 2017.
- ↑ "Guy's Hospital: Mural honouring African health workers unveiled". www.bbc.com (in Turanci). 2024-10-03. Retrieved 2025-02-06.
- ↑ 10.00 10.01 10.02 10.03 10.04 10.05 10.06 10.07 10.08 10.09 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 10.16 10.17
"National Commission on Culture". ghanaculture.gov.gh. Archived from the original on 22 July 2015. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 "Tabitha Medical Center | Celebrating African Women in Medicine Part 2". www.tabithamedicalcenter.com (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 11 March 2016. Retrieved 2017-11-28. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "Friends in Deed". Jet. 19 (3): 44. 19 November 1960. Archived from the original on 14 May 2016. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ↑ "Hats off to Martin Amidu". cameronduodu.com. Archived from the original on 22 November 2016. Retrieved 2018-12-07.
- ↑ "Old Achimotan Association". www.oldachimotan.net. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 8 August 2015.