Tafkin Mweru

Tafkin Mweru
Tafkin Mweru
General information
Height above mean sea level (en)	927 m
Tsawo	96 km
Fadi	45 km
Yawan fili	4,650 km²
Vertical depth (en)	37 m
Volume (en)	38,000 hm³; 38 km³
Labarin ƙasa
Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa	9°10′00″S 28°30′00″E / 9.1666666666667°S 28.5°E
Bangare na	Tafkunan Rift Valley
Kasa	Zambiya da Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango
Hydrography (en)
Inflow (en)	duba Kogin Luapula; Kalungwishi;
Outflows (en)	Kogin Luvua
Ruwan ruwa	Kongo Basin

Lake Mweru (also spelled Mwelu, Mwero) (French: Lac Moero, Swahili: Ziwa Mweru) is a freshwater lake on the longest arm of Africa's second-longest river, the Congo. Located on the border between Zambia and Democratic Republic of the Congo, it makes up 110 kilometres (68 mi) of the total length of the Congo, lying between its Luapula River (upstream) and Luvua River (downstream) segments.

Mweru na nufin 'kogi' a cikin harsuna da yawa na Bantu, don haka galibi ana kiranta kawai 'Mweru'.

Yanayin jiki

Kogin Luapula ne ke ciyar da Mweru, wanda ke shigowa ta hanyar maras kyau daga kudu, da Kogin Kalungwishi daga gabas. A arewacin Kogin Luvua, wanda ke gudana a arewa maso yamma don shiga Kogin Lualaba sannan zuwa Kongo. Ita ce tafkin na biyu mafi girma a cikin kwandon ruwa na Kongo kuma tana da nisan kilomita 150 (93 a yammacin ƙarshen kudancin mafi girma, Tafkin Tanganyika .

Luapula ya samar da wani tafki mai laushi kusan kamar yadda ƙarshen kudancin tafkin yake. A fannoni da yawa, ana iya bi da ƙananan kogi da tafkin a matsayin ƙungiya ɗaya. Ga tafkin a yankin da ke da yanayi mai laushi da bushewa, Mweru ba ya canzawa sosai a matakin da yanki. Canjin shekara-shekara a matakin shine mita 1.7 (5 in), tare da tsawo na yanayi a watan Mayu da ƙasa a watan Janairu.^[1] Wannan wani bangare ne saboda Luapula yana fitowa daga Bangweulu Swamps da ambaliyar ruwa wanda ke sarrafa kwararar ruwa, yana shan ambaliyar shekara-shekara kuma yana sake shi a hankali, kuma wani bangare saboda tashar Mweru, Luvua, tana sauka da sauri kuma tana gudana da sauri, ba tare da ciyayi don toshe shi ba. Hawan Mweru da sauri ya daidaita ta hanyar saurin gudu zuwa Luvua.

Matsakaicin tsawon Mweru yana da kilomita 118 (73 kuma matsakaicin faɗin yana da kilomita 45 (28 , tare da tsayinsa mai tsawo wanda ke fuskantar arewa maso gabas- kudu maso yamma. Tsayinsa mita 917 (3,009 , ya fi Tanganyika (mita 763) . Tafkin kwarin da ke kwarin da yake kwance a cikin Tafkin Mweru-Luapula graben, wanda reshe ne na na Gabashin Afirka. Yankin yammacin tafkin a cikin DR Congo yana nuna tsaunuka masu tsawo na tafkin kwarin rift, wanda ya tashi zuwa Dutsen Kundelungu bayan haka, amma tsaunukan kwarin riff ba su da yawa a gabar gabas.

Mweru ba shi da zurfi a kudu kuma ya fi zurfi a arewa, tare da ɓarkewa biyu a yankin arewa maso gabas tare da matsakaicin zurfin mita 20 da 27 (66 da 89 . ^[1]

Wani karamin tafki mai laushi da ake kira Mweru Wantipa (wanda aka fi sani da Mweru Marshes) yana da nisan kilomita 50 (31 zuwa gabas, da arewacin Kalungwishi. Yawancin lokaci yana da goyon baya kuma a zahiri yana shan ruwa daga Kalungwishi ta hanyar dambo mafi yawan lokaci, amma a lokutan ambaliyar ruwa yana iya cikawa cikin Kalungwish da Tafkin Mweru.

Yanayin ɗan adam

Bincike

An san tafkin ga 'yan kasuwa Larabawa da Swahili (na hauren giwa, jan ƙarfe da bayi) waɗanda suka yi amfani da Tsibirin Kilwa a tafkin a matsayin tushe a lokaci guda. Sun yi amfani da hanyoyin kasuwanci daga Zanzibar a Tekun Indiya zuwa Ujiji a Tafkin Tanganyika zuwa Mweru sannan zuwa masarautun Lunda, Luba, Yeke ko Kazembe, na ƙarshe yana kan kudancin Mweru. Hanyoyin kasuwanci na Yamma sun tafi daga waɗancan mulkoki zuwa Tekun Atlantic, don haka Mweru ya kasance a kan hanyar kasuwanci ta duniya.

Tsakanin 1796 da 1831 'yan kasuwa / masu bincike na Portugal Pereira, Francisco de Lacerda da sauransu sun ziyarci Kazembe daga Mozambique don samun yarjejeniyoyi don amfani da hanyar kasuwanci tsakanin yankunansu na Mozambique da Angola. Dole ne Portuguese su san tafkin, kuma baƙi kawai suna tafiya zuwa ƙasa mafi girma kimanin kilomita 5 (3.1 arewacin babban birnin Kanyembo na Kazembe don ganin tafkin kilomita 10 (6.2 nesa. Koyaya, suna da sha'awar hanyoyin kasuwanci fiye da ganowa, sun kusanci daga kudu kuma Mwata Kazembe ya ƙuntata ƙungiyoyinsu, kuma ba su ba da labarin hakan ba. Mai bincike kuma mai wa'azi a ƙasashen waje David Livingstone, wanda ya kira shi 'Moero', an yaba shi da bincikensa yayin tafiye-tafiyensa na 1867-'8.

Livingstone ya ga lalacewa da wahala da cinikin bawa ya haifar a yankin da ke arewa da gabashin Mweru, kuma asusun sa sun taimaka wajen tara adawa da shi. Kasuwancin bayi na ƙarshe a yankin ya kasance a ƙarshen shekarun 1890, duk da haka. A halin yanzu, tsakanin 1870 da 1891, rikice-rikice da yaƙe-yaƙe tsakanin Sarkin Yeke Msiri da shugabannin makwabta da 'yan kasuwa sun rushe yankin. 'Yan Turai kalilan ne suka ziyarci Mweru tun daga Livingstone, har sai Alfred Sharpe a cikin 1890-1 da kuma Stairs Expedition a cikin 1892 dukansu sun wuce a kan hanyar neman yarjejeniya tare da Msiri. The Stairs Expedition ya kashe Msiri kuma ya dauki Katanga ga Sarki Leopold II na Belgium. Sharpe ya bar daya daga cikin jami'ansa don kafa sansanin mulkin mallaka na farko a kwarin Luapula-Mweru, Birtaniya boma a Chiengi a 1891.

Manazarta

1 2 AR Bos, CK Kapasa and PAM van Zwieten (2006). "Update on the bathymetry of Lake Mweru (Zambia), with notes on water level fluctuations". African Journal of Aquatic Science. 31 (1): 145–150. doi:10.2989/16085910609503882. S2CID 86387950. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "BKZ" defined multiple times with different content.

[BKZ-1] 1 2 AR Bos, CK Kapasa and PAM van Zwieten (2006). "Update on the bathymetry of Lake Mweru (Zambia), with notes on water level fluctuations". African Journal of Aquatic Science. 31 (1): 145–150. doi:10.2989/16085910609503882. S2CID 86387950. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "BKZ" defined multiple times with different content.

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