Tafkunan gishiri na Tunisia
| Tafkunan gishiri na Tunisia | |
|---|---|
| Labarin ƙasa | |
| Kasa | Tunisiya |
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Tafkunan gishiri na Tunisiya jerin tabkuna ne a tsakiyar Tunisia, suna kwance a kudancin Dutsen Atlas a arewacin Sahara. Tafkunan sun hada da, daga gabas zuwa yamma, Chott da Fedjedj,Chott el Djerid, da Chott el Gharsa.
Yanayin ƙasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wadannan tabkuna masu gishiri sun shimfiɗa tare da gajerun raguwa biyu kawai a cikin layi daga Bahar Rum a Tekun Gabès zuwa iyakar Aljeriya, wanda suka shiga cikin nesa mai nisa. Kalmar Faransanci "chott" fassarar Larabci ce, kalma ce don babban tashar ruwa, bakin teku ko tafki. Wadannan Shats duk da haka, a takaice, ba tabkuna ba ne a yau. Su ne yankuna masu laushi (a cikin mafi girma, Shat el Jerid, yana kwance a 'yan ƙafa a ƙasa da matakin Bahar Rum), wanda fiye da rabin shekara suna da shimfidar busassun laka da aka rufe da babban fararen ko launin toka. Wannan murfin gishiri yana ba su a nesa bayyanar manyan takalma na ruwa.[1]
A lokacin hunturu, duk da haka, lokacin da ake jin tasirin ruwan sama na hunturu, akwai yiwuwar kasancewa 3 ko 4 ft. na ruwa a cikin waɗannan Shats, wanda ta hanyar liquefying laka ya sa su zama cikakke ba za a iya wucewa ba. In ba haka ba, kusan watanni bakwai na shekara ana iya haye su da ƙafa ko a kan doki. Zai zama kamar mai yiwuwa cewa a wani lokaci waɗannan Shats (ko ta yaya Shat el Jerid) sun kasance ƙofar Bahar Rum, wanda ta hanyar tsawo na ƙanƙanin ƙasa a kan Tekun Gabès an yanke su daga gare su. Duk da haka, yanki ne na Ayyukan dutsen wuta na baya, kuma waɗannan ɓarkewar gishiri na iya zama saboda wannan dalili. Mutum mai yiwuwa shine babban wakili a yau da kullun don haifar da waɗannan Shats ba tare da ruwa ba. A duk kewayen wadannan tabkuna masu gishiri akwai maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da yawa, suna fitowa daga tuddai masu yashi. Kusan dukkanin wadannan maɓuɓɓugar suna cikin zafin jiki mai zafi, sau da yawa a wurin tafasa. Wasu daga cikinsu ana cajin su da gishiri, wasu suna da kyau kuma suna da ɗanɗano, kodayake suna tafasa zafi. Yawan su yana da yawa sosai har a wurare da yawa suna samar da koguna masu gudana. Sai kawai don sa hannun mutum waɗannan koguna za su sami hanyar shiga cikin ramin da ke kusa, wanda za su kiyaye shi a matsayin tabkuna na ruwa. Amma na dogon lokaci bayan kogunan ruwa mai laushi (wanda ya fi yawa) an yi amfani da su don ban ruwa har zuwa irin wannan matakin da aka ba da izinin ruwa mai daraja ya gudana zuwa cikin tafkin tafkin; don haka waɗannan na ƙarshe suna karɓar ƙananan kogunan gishiri, waɗanda ke ajiye gishiri a saman su sannan su bushe. Wannan wadataccen ruwa mai dumi yana kula da oases na musamman a cikin ƙasa inda ruwan sama ya sauka da wuya. Ana samun koguna masu ɗorewa na bayanin da aka ambata tsakanin iyakar Aljeriya da Gabès a bakin tekun. Garin da ke Gabès da kansa yana kan iyakar wani kyakkyawan oasis, wanda ake kiyaye shi ta hanyar ruwa na rafi mai gudana wanda ke zubar da kansa cikin teku a Gabès bayan tafiyar da ba ta wuce kilomita 20 ba.[1]
Duk wannan yankin da ke kewaye da Shats an kira shi "Jerid" daga lokacin mamayar Larabawa. "Jerid" yana nufin a cikin Larabci "fure na dabino" kuma a hankali "garin dabino". Shahararren wannan Belad-el-Jerid, ko "Ƙasar dabino", ya wuce gona da iri a cikin ƙarni na 17 da 18 cewa masu ilimin ƙasa na Turai sun faɗaɗa sunan daga wannan ƙaramin yanki a kudancin Tunisia don rufe yawancin Afirka ta ciki. Tare da wannan ƙasar Jerid za a iya haɗa tsibirin Jerba, wanda ke kusa da bakin tekun Tunisia a cikin Tekun Gabès . Itacen dabino na kwanan wata (Phoenix dactylifera) na iya zama 'yan asalin wannan gundumar Jerid, kamar yadda yake ga ƙasashe masu irin wannan bayanin a kudancin Morocco, kudancin Aljeriya, sassa na Tripolitania, Misira, Mesopotamiya, kudancin Farisa da arewa maso yammacin Indiya; amma arewacin latitude na Jerid kwanan wata bai girma ba a halitta a Mauretania, kamar yadda ya kasance ba ga duk sassan Turai, kamar yadda a Arewacin Afirka na gaskiya, kasancewarsa ta kasance saboda hannun mutum ne. A cikin oases na Jerid ana samun nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa na Afirka da biyu ko uku na tsuntsayen Senegal, kuma tsire-tsire suna da alaƙa da Afirka mai zafi kamar yadda yake da Turai. A zahiri, ƙasar da ke tsakanin tsaunuka na Matmata da ƙuƙwalwar da ke raba Jerba daga ƙasar Afirka ce ta musamman a cikin halayyar da kuma fasalin tsire-tsire. A kudancin Jerid ƙasar galibi hamada ce - manyan wuraren da ba a bincika su ba na yashi mai canzawa, tare da oases masu ban sha'awa. Duk da haka, duk wannan gundumar kudancin Tunisia tana da shaidar cewa sau ɗaya an yi ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ya kwashe kwari mai zurfi a cikin asalin tebur-ƙasa, kuma ya tabbatar da wanzuwar yanzu na manyan magudanan ruwa - magudanan da har yanzu suke, kusa da asalin su, ana son su da ɗan ruwa.
Ƙananan yashi da ke raba Chott el Fejej daga Tekun Sahara Rum ya kawo shi ga masu ilimin ƙasa, injiniyoyi da diflomasiyya daban-daban. Wadannan adadi sun nemi ƙirƙirar "Teku na Sahara" ta hanyar tura ruwan Bahar Rum zuwa cikin tafkin hamadar Sahara wanda ke ƙasa da matakin teku. An gabatar da wata sananniyar shawara game da wannan sakamako a ƙarshen 1800s daga masanin ilimin ƙasa na Faransa François Élie Roudaire da mahaliccin Suez Canal, Ferdinand na Lesseps, amma ya tsaya bayan gwamnatin Faransa ta janye kudade.[2][3] Daga baya shawarwari, waɗanda aka yi a matsayin wani ɓangare na Operation Plowshare, sun nuna cewa za a iya amfani da fashewar nukiliya don tono tashar da aka tsara daga Bahar Rum zuwa Chott el Fejej da sauran wuraren da ke ƙasa da Sahara; waɗannan shawarwari ma ba su da amfani.
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Chott
- Sabkha
- Tekun Sahara
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Tunisia". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. - ↑ Plummer, Harry Chapin (1913). "A Sea in the Sahara". National Waterways: A Magazine of Transportation. National Rivers and Harbors Congress. 1 (2): 131–138. Retrieved 16 December 2012.
- ↑ McKay, Donald Vernon (1943). "Colonialism in the French geographical movement 1871-1881". Geographical Review. American Geographical Society. 33 (2): 214–232. doi:10.2307/209775. JSTOR 209775.
