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Takin mai laushi na teku

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Takin mai laushi na teku
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na organic fertilizer (en) Fassara
Kayan haɗi seaweed (en) Fassara
Amfani wajen noma

takin teku shine takin mai gina jiki wanda aka yi daga shuke-shuke na teku wanda ake amfani da shi a aikin gona don kara yawan amfanin ƙasa da ci gaban shuke-huke. Amfani da taki na teku ya samo asali ne daga zamanin d ̄ a kuma yana da fa'idodi masu yawa ga ƙasa.

Za'a iya amfani da taki na Seaweed a cikin nau'o'i daban-daban, gami da sinadarin ruwa mai tsabta da bushewa, kayan kwayoyin halitta.[1] Ta hanyar abun da ke ciki na kwayoyin halitta daban-daban, shuke-shuke na teku suna aiki a matsayin mai tsayayya da ƙasa, mai warkar da kwayoyin halitta, da kuma Kula da cututtukan halittu, tare da kowane nau'in shuke-huke na teku yana ba da fa'idodi daban-daban ga ƙasa da lafiyar amfanin gona.[2] Wadannan fa'idodi na iya haɗawa da karuwar haƙuri ga abubuwan damuwa na abiotic, ingantaccen yanayin ƙasa da riƙe ruwa, da rage faruwar cututtuka. [2] [3]

A kan sikelin zamantakewar al'umma, Kiwon kifi na teku da ci gaban taki suna da muhimmiyar rawa a cikin sake zagayowar abinci mai gina jiki ta hanyar ajiyar carbon da ɗaukar nitrogen da phosphorus.[4][5] Aikace-aikacen taki na Seaweed zuwa ƙasa na iya canza tsarin da aikin al'ummomin microbial. Seaweed aquaculture yana da damar samar da sabis na yanayin halittu ta hanyar samar da tushen abinci mai gina jiki ga al'ummomin ɗan adam da kuma hanyar inganta ingancin ruwa a cikin tsarin halitta da ayyukan aquacultura.[6]

Karin shahararren ayyukan noma na kwayoyin halitta yana jawo hankali ga aikace-aikace daban-daban na taki da aka samo daga teku da kayan haɓaka ƙasa. Duk da yake masana'antar taki na teku har yanzu tana cikin jariri, tana da babbar dama ga ci gaban tattalin arziki mai ɗorewa da kuma rage yawan abubuwan gina jiki a cikin tsarin bakin teku. Duk da haka akwai ƙalubalen da ke gudana da ke tattare da amfani da samar da taki na teku ciki har da yaduwar cututtuka da nau'o'in mamayewa, haɗarin tara ƙarfe mai nauyi, da inganci da inganta hanyoyin samarwa.[7]

Nomenclature da taxonomy

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"Seaweed" yana daya daga cikin sunayen da aka ba da yawa ga macroalgae, kamar kore algae (Chlorophyta), launin ruwan kasa algae (Faeophyceae), da ja algae (Rhodophyta). [8] Kalmar, ana amfani da seaweed a wasu lokuta don komawa ga microalgae da tsire-tsire. Seaweeds yawanci kwayoyin benthic ne waɗanda ke da tsarin da ake kira holdfast, wanda ke kiyaye su a cikin teku; suna kuma da stipe, in ba haka ba an san su da tushe, da kuma ganyen da ke da siffar takobi.[9] Sargassum seaweed shine banda ga wannan jikin mutum da aiki, saboda ba ya haɗe da yanayin benthic.[10] Launi na seaweeds gabaɗaya yana bin zurfi / haske, tare da kore seaweeds, launin ruwan kasa na teku, da ja seaweeds daidai da ruwa mai zurfi, matsakaici, da zurfi bi da bi; ana samun ja seaweads a wasu lokuta har zuwa mita 30 a zurfi.[8] Ƙananan albasa na teku suna girma ne kawai a cikin 'yan millimeters a tsawo, yayin da mafi girma albasa na ruwa na iya girma har zuwa mita 50 a tsawo.[8] Akwai kimanin 1,800 kore, 1,800 launin ruwan kasa, da 6,200 jan seaweed jinsunan da ke wanzu. Brown seaweeds an san su da kelp, amma kuma an san su ne da wasu sunaye na yau da kullun kamar rockweed da wrappes. [8][11] Red seaweeds sune mafi yawan nau'ikan nau'ikan teku, kuma tare da kore seaweeds, suna da alaƙa da tsire-tsire na ƙasa, yayin da launin ruwan kasa na teku sune mafi alaƙa da shuke-shuke na ƙasa.[8] Ana samun seaweeds da yawa a cikin yanayin halitta mai zurfi, kuma ana noma su a cikin teku da kuma ayyukan Kiwon kifi na ƙasa. Yawancin ruwan teku masu launin ruwan kasa da ake samu a cikin daji sun fito ne daga jinsunan Laminaria, Undaria, Hizikia, yayin da yawancin ruwan teku masu ruwan kasa da aka noma don amfani kamar taki da alamar ƙarfe mai nauyi, sun fito ne ga nau'in Ascophyllum, Ecklonia, Fucus, Sargassum.[12][13] Green seaweeds da ake amfani da su azaman bioindicators, don nuna ƙarfe mai nauyi misali, sun fito ne daga jinsin Ulva da Enteromorpha.[14] Red seaweed daga jinsin Poryphora, ana amfani dashi don abincin ɗan adam[15]

Tarihi

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Rubutun farko da aka rubuta game da amfani da shuke-shuke na teku ya fito ne daga tsoffin wayewar Girka da Romawa a ƙarni na 2, inda aka yi amfani da kayan rairayin bakin teku don ciyar da dabbobi da tushen shuke- shuke don adanawa.[5] Koyaya, bincike mai ɗorewa na isotope na haƙoran tumaki na prehistoric a Orkney ya nuna cewa mutane na farko sun yi amfani da shuke-shuke na teku a matsayin abinci dabbobi sama da shekaru 5,000 da suka gabata, kuma masu bincike sun yi hasashen cewa an yi amfani da shi a matsayin taki saboda an sami ragowar shuke-huke na shuke-suke a wuraren tarihi. [16] Irin waɗannan dabarun noma na iya zama mabuɗin tsira daga ƙauyuka na farko a Scotland.

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ EL Boukhari, Mohammed EL Mehdi; Barakate, Mustapha; Bouhia, Youness; Lyamlouli, Karim (12 March 2020). "Trends in Seaweed Extract Based Biostimulants: Manufacturing Process and Beneficial Effect on Soil-Plant Systems". Plants. 9 (3): 359. doi:10.3390/plants9030359. PMC 7154814. PMID 32178418.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Raghunandan Vyas Patel Jhala 2019
  3. ↑ Ali, Omar; Ramsubhag, Adesh; Jayaraman, Jayaraj (12 March 2021). "Biostimulant Properties of Seaweed Extracts in Plants: Implications towards Sustainable Crop Production". Plants. 10 (3): 531. doi:10.3390/plants10030531. PMC 8000310 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 33808954 Check |pmid= value (help).
  4. ↑ Dhargalkar, V. K.; Pereira, N. (2005). "Seaweed: Promising plant of the millennium". Science and Culture. 71 (3–4): 60–66.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Buschmann, Alejandro H.; Camus, Carolina; Infante, Javier; Neori, Amir; Israel, Álvaro; Hernández-González, María C.; Pereda, Sandra V.; Gomez-Pinchetti, Juan Luis; Golberg, Alexander; Tadmor-Shalev, Niva; Critchley, Alan T. (2 October 2017). "Seaweed production: overview of the global state of exploitation, farming and emerging research activity". European Journal of Phycology. 52 (4): 391–406. doi:10.1080/09670262.2017.1365175. S2CID 53640917. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Buschmann Camus Infante et al 2017" defined multiple times with different content
  6. ↑ Begum, Mahima; Bordoloi, Bijnan Chandra; Singha, Dhiman Dev; Ojha, Nayan Jyoti (21 December 2018). "Role of seaweed extract on growth, yield and quality of some agricultural crops: A review". Agricultural Reviews (of). doi:10.18805/ag.R-1838. S2CID 92036075.
  7. ↑ Kim, Jang K.; Yarish, Charles; Hwang, Eun Kyoung; Park, Miseon; Kim, Youngdae (15 March 2017). "Seaweed aquaculture: cultivation technologies, challenges and its ecosystem services". Algae. 32 (1): 1–13. doi:10.4490/algae.2017.32.3.3. S2CID 51918493.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Mouritsen, Ole (6 February 2017). "The Science of Seaweeds". American Scientist.
  9. ↑ US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. "What is seaweed?". oceanservice.noaa.gov (in Turanci). Retrieved 2021-11-23.
  10. ↑ Simons, Etoile B. (March 1906). "A Morphological Study of Sargassum filipendula". Botanical Gazette. 41 (3): 161–183. doi:10.1086/328760. S2CID 84063749.
  11. ↑ "Seaweed descriptions and pictures". www.seaweed.ie. Retrieved 2021-12-10.
  12. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named McHugh 20032
  13. ↑ Begum, Mahima; Bordoloi, Bijnan Chandra; Singha, Dhiman Dev; Ojha, Nayan Jyoti (21 December 2018). "Role of seaweed extract on growth, yield and quality of some agricultural crops: A review". Agricultural Reviews (of). doi:10.18805/ag.R-1838. S2CID 92036075.
  14. ↑ Kim, Jang K.; Yarish, Charles; Hwang, Eun Kyoung; Park, Miseon; Kim, Youngdae (15 March 2017). "Seaweed aquaculture: cultivation technologies, challenges and its ecosystem services". Algae. 32 (1): 1–13. doi:10.4490/algae.2017.32.3.3. S2CID 51918493.
  15. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named McHugh 2003
  16. ↑ Mooney, Dawn Elise (4 March 2021). "Charred Fucus -Type Seaweed in the North Atlantic: A Survey of Finds and Potential Uses". Environmental Archaeology. 26 (2): 238–250. doi:10.1080/14614103.2018.1558805. S2CID 135202767.
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