Takunkumin kasa da kasa a lokacin wariyar launin fata
 Takunkumin kasa da kasa a lokacin wariyar launin fata | |
|---|---|
international sanction (en)  | |
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙasa | Afirka ta kudu |
| Has cause (en) |
apartheid (en) |
A matsayin martani ga manufofin wariyar launin fata na Afirka ta Kudu, kasashen duniya sun dauki takunkumin tattalin arziki a matsayin wani nau'i na yin Allah wadai da matsin lamba. Jamaica ta jagoranci tafiyar [abubuwan da ake buƙata] ta zama ƙasa ta farko da ta hana kayayyaki daga Afirka ta Kudu wariyar launin fata a cikin 1959.[1]
A ranar 6 ga watan Nuwamba 1962, Babban Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya zartar da Resolution 1761, wani kuduri mara ɗaurewa wanda ya yi Allah wadai da manufofin wariyar launin fata na Afirka ta Kudu, ya kafa Kwamitin Musamman na Majalisar Dinkin obho game da wariyar launin fatara kuma ya yi kira ga sanya takunkumi na tattalin arziki da sauran takunkumi a Afirka ta Kudu. A ranar 7 ga watan Agustan 1963 Majalisar Tsaro ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta zartar da Resolution 181, tana kira ga takunkumin makamai na son rai a kan Afirka ta Kudu kuma a wannan shekarar kwamitin na musamman na yaki da wariyar launin fata zai karfafa da kuma kula da shirye-shiryen daukar mataki a kan kasar.
Duk da yake kasashe kamar Amurka da Ingila da farko sun yi jinkirin sanya takunkumi, a ƙarshen shekarun 1980 kasashen biyu, da sauran kasashe 23, sun zartar da dokoki da ke sanya takunkumin kasuwanci daban-daban a Afirka ta Kudu.
Takunkumin tattalin arziki a kan Afirka ta Kudu ya sanya matsin lamba a kan gwamnati wanda ya taimaka wajen kawo karshen wariyar launin fata. A cikin 1990, Shugaba Frederik Willem (F.W.) de Klerk ya amince da rashin daidaituwa na tattalin arziki na nauyin takunkumi na kasa da kasa, ya saki shugaban 'yan kasa na Afirka Nelson Mandela kuma ba a haramta shi ba a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Afirka (ANC). A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1991, Kungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Turai ta ɗaga takunkumin tattalin arziki a Afirka ta Kudu.[1] De Klerk da Mandela sun jagoranci kasar zuwa zaben dimokuradiyya na farko a shekarar 1994, wanda ya haifar da zaben Mandela a matsayin shugaban kasa. Lokacin da aka tambayi Mandela idan takunkumin tattalin arziki ya taimaka wajen kawo karshen tsarin wariyar launin fata, Mandela ya amsa "Oh, babu wata shakka".[2]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A ranar 6 ga watan Nuwamba 1962, Babban Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya zartar da Resolution 1761, wani kuduri mara ɗaurewa wanda ya yi Allah wadai da manufofin wariyar launin fata na Afirka ta Kudu, ya kafa Kwamitin Musamman na Majalisar Dinkinobho game da wariyar launin fatara kuma ya yi kira ga sanya takunkumi na tattalin arziki da sauran takunkumi a Afirka ta Kudu.[3] A ranar 7 ga watan Agustan 1963 Majalisar Tsaro ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta zartar da Resolution 181 da ke kira ga takunkumin makamai na son rai a kan Afirka ta Kudu, kuma a wannan shekarar, Kwamitin Musamman na Kariya na wariyar launin fata zai karfafa da kuma kula da shirye-shiryen daukar mataki a kan gwamnatin.