Tamara Bunke

Tamara Bunke
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna	Haydée Tamara Bunke Bider
Haihuwa	Buenos Aires, 19 Nuwamba, 1937
ƙasa	German Democratic Republic (en) Argentina
Mazauni	German Democratic Republic (en) Austriya Cuba Bolibiya Argentina
Harshen uwa	Yaren Sifen
Mutuwa	Vallegrande Province (Santa Cruz) (en) , 31 ga Augusta, 1967
Makwanci	Che Guevara Mausoleum (en)
Yanayin mutuwa	(gunshot wound (en) )
Ƴan uwa
Ahali	Olaf Bunke (mul)
Karatu
Makaranta	Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (mul) University of Havana (en)
Harsuna	Jamusanci Yaren Sifen Rashanci Turanci
Sana'a
Sana'a	revolutionary (en) , spy (en) , ɗan jarida, mai aikin fassara, Mayaƙi da soja
Employers	Ñancahuazú Guerrilla (en)
Sunan mahaifi	Tania, Laura Gutiérrez Bauer da Ita
Kayan kida	piano (en) Jita accordion (en)
Imani
Addini	mulhidanci
Jam'iyar siyasa	Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (mul)

Haydée Tamara Bunke Bider (19 ga Nuwamba, 1937 - 31 ga Agusta, 1967) ta kasance 'yar juyin juya hali 'yar asalin ƙasar Argentina da aka sani da hannunta a harkokin siyasa da ƙungiyoyin 'yantar da jama'a.

An haife ta a hannun iyayen gurguzu, Bunke ta shiga ƙungiyar Free German Youth tana da shekaru goma sha biyar, sannan daga baya ta yi karatun falsafa ko kimiyyar siyasa a jami'a. An ɗauke ta aiki a matsayin mai fassara a jam'iyyar Socialist Unity Party of Germany, inda ta haɗu da Che Guevara a lokacin ziyararsa ta 1960 zuwa Leipzig . A shekarar 1961, ta ƙaura zuwa Cuba ta shiga yaƙin neman ilimi na Cuba da kuma ƙungiyar mata ta Cuba .

An ɗauki Bunke aiki a yakin Bolivia, yakin da Che Guevara ta yi da nufin haifar da juyin juya hali a faɗin Latin Amurka. Ta yi amfani da sunan Tania, ta shiga cikin manyan al'umman Bolivia ta kuma ƙulla alaƙa da Shugaba René Barrientos . A shekarar 1966, an yi mata ɓarna, wanda ya sa ta shiga yaƙin 'yan daba. A wannan lokacin, ita ce ke da alhakin samar da abinci da sa ido kan hanyoyin sadarwa na rediyo. An kashe Bunke a shekarar 1967 a lokacin wani kwanton bauna da Sojojin Bolivia suka yi mata yayin da take ƙoƙarin tserewa da ciwon ƙafa da zazzaɓi.

Bayan mutuwar Bunke, kafofin watsa labarai sun mayar da ita abokiyar soyayyar Guevara, yayin da wasu kuma suka zama mace mai kama da mace . Mutane da yawa sun karrama Bunke a fannoni daban-daban, misali, a fannin ilmin taurari ( 2283 Bunke ) da fina-finai ( <i id="mwHg">Che</i> ). An kuma yi ikirarin cewa Bunke wakiliya ce mai ɗauke da juna uku kuma tana da dangantaka ta aure da Guevara.

Rayuwar farko

An haifi Tamara Bunke a watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1937 a Buenos Aires, Argentina, kuma 'yar Erich Bunke ce da Nadia Bider. [1] [2] Nadia Bider Bunke, an haife ta a shekarar 1912, 'yar gurguzu ce ta Rasha wadda ta fito daga dangin Yahudawa a cikin Daular Rasha . Mahaifin Tamara, Erich Bunke, ya koma Berlin yana da shekaru 18 don yin karatu a fannin gine-gine. Nadia da Erich sun shiga cikin fafutukar 'yan hagu; duk da haka, saboda tsanantawar Nazi, an tilasta musu guduwa zuwa Argentina a shekarar 1935. [3] Erich ya fuskanci tsanantawa saboda shigarsa cikin Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Jamus, yayin da Nadia, wacce asalinta Bayahudiya ce, aka kai hari. [2]

Erich Bunke da Nadia Bider sun sami mukamai a matsayin malamai a Argentina. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka, sun zama membobin Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Argentina, suna tabbatar da cewa Bunke da ɗan'uwanta Olaf duka za su girma a cikin yanayin siyasa na Marxist-Leninist . Gidan danginsu da ke Buenos Aires galibi ana amfani da shi don tarurruka, taimaka wa 'yan gudun hijira na gurguzu, ɓoye littattafai da kuma ɓoye makamai a wasu lokutan. A shekarar 1952, bayan ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, iyalin sun koma sabuwar Jamus ta Gabashin da aka ƙirƙira, musamman garin Eisenhüttenstadt .

Bunke ta buga kayan kida da yawa, ciki har da piano, guitar, da accordion, tare da sha'awar musamman ga waƙoƙin gargajiya na Latin Amurka. Tana da shekaru goma sha huɗu, ta shiga ƙungiyar matasa ta Jam'iyyar Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SUPG), wato Free German Youth (FGY), kuma tana da shekaru goma sha takwas ta shiga SUPG. Bugu da ƙari, ta kuma shiga Ƙungiyar Matasan Dimokuraɗiyya ta Duniya, wanda hakan ya ba ta damar halartar Bikin Matasa da Ɗalibai na Duniya a Vienna, Prague, Moscow da Havana .

Bunke ta fara karatunta a fannin falsafa ko kimiyyar siyasa, a Jami'ar Humboldt da ke Gabashin Berlin, inda ta shahara saboda ƙwarewarta ta harshe; ta iya magana da Turanci, Sifaniyanci, Faransanci da Jamusanci. Ba da daɗewa ba Bunke ta fara aiki a matsayin mai fassara ga wasu shugabannin Latin Amurka a lokacin ziyarar da suka kai Gabashin Jamus, musamman waɗanda ke da alaƙa da Sashen Hulɗa da Ƙasashen Duniya na FGY.

Kuba

Bunke a lokacin da ta fara isa Cuba a shekarar 1961.

Bayan juyin juya halin Cuba, Fidel Castro ya aika da jakadu zuwa ƙasashe daban-daban na gurguzu don samun goyon baya. A wannan matsayin, a shekarar 1960, an aika Che Guevara zuwa Leipzig, Gabashin Jamus, a matsayin wani ɓangare na tawagar kasuwanci ta Cuba. An tura Bunke ta raka shi a matsayin mai fassara. Daga baya, a shekarar 1961, ta sami gayyata daga Alicia Alonso ta yi tafiya zuwa Cuba.

Ta fara aiki a matsayin mai fassara ga Kwalejin Ballet ta ƙasar Cuba . Ta kuma shiga cikin ayyukan sa-kai, wato koyarwa da shiga cikin gina gidaje da makarantu a yankunan karkara. Sakamakon haka, ta shiga cikin ƙungiyoyin ma'aikata, ' yan bindiga, da kuma Yaƙin Neman Ilimi na Cuba . Ta kuma yi aiki a Ma'aikatar Ilimi, Cibiyar Hulɗa da Mutane ta Cuba, da kuma Ƙungiyar Mata ta Cuba, inda ta ƙulla alaƙa ta kud da kud da Vilma Espín, wata 'yar juyin juya hali kuma 'yar siyasa ta Cuba. Bugu da ƙari, ta yi rijista don samun digirin aikin jarida a Jami'ar Havana .

Bunke ya yi aiki ga Asociación de Jóvenes Rebeldes, wanda daga baya aka sani da Union of Young Communists.[es] Ta taimaka wajen shirya taron kungiyar dalibai ta kasa da kasa a Havana. Bunke ya kuma shiga kungiyar kare jama'a kuma ya hada kai da wasu mutanen Latin Amurka wadanda suka nemi hadin kai tare da gwagwarmayarsu, gami da mai juyin juya halin Nicaraguan Carlos Fonseca . Ta shiga cikin tawaye a Nicaragua, ta kafa alaƙa da membobin Sandinista National Liberation Front .