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Tarihin Anna

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.

 

Anna's Archive injin bincike ne na bude tushen don ɗakunan karatu na inuwa wanda Anna, wacce aka yi wa lakabi da Anna, ta ƙaddamar jim kaɗan bayan ƙoƙarin jami'an tsaro na rufe Z-Library a shekarar 2022 . Shafin yana tattara bayanai daga Z-Library, Sci-Hub, da Library Genesis (LibGen), da sauran majiyoyi. Tana kiran kanta "mafi girman ɗakin karatu a buɗe a tarihin ɗan adam", [† 1] kuma ta ce tana da niyyar " kayyade dukkan littattafan da ke akwai" da kuma "bin diddigin ci gaban ɗan adam don samar da duk waɗannan littattafan cikin sauƙi a cikin nau'in dijital ". Tana da'awar cewa ba ta da alhakin sauke ayyukan da aka yi wa haƙƙin mallaka tunda ba ta ɗaukar nauyin kowane fayil kai tsaye ba, maimakon haka tana haɗawa da saukar da wasu kamfanoni. Duk da haka an kai shi hari ne saboda aikata manyan laifuka na keta haƙƙin mallaka, fuskantar toshewar gwamnati da kuma ɗaukar matakin shari'a daga masu haƙƙin mallaka da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci na wallafe-wallafe.

Tarihi

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Taskar Anna ta fito ne daga aikin Pirate Library Mirror ( PiLiMi ), wani yunƙuri na ɓoye sirri don yin kwaikwayon ɗakunan karatu na inuwa waɗanda suka kammala cikakken kwafin Z-Library a watan Satumba na 2022. PiLiMi ya yarda cewa "ya karya dokar haƙƙin mallaka da gangan a yawancin ƙasashe". [1] [2] Da farko dai aikin ya mayar da hankali ne kan adana bayanai maimakon a yi bincike a kansu. [3] Kwanaki bayan da jami'an tsaro na Amurka suka kwace wasu yankunan Z-Library tare da kama wadanda ake zargin suna gudanar da ayyukansu a watan Nuwamba na 2022, memba na PiLiMi Anna (wanda aka fi sani da Anna Archivist) ta kaddamar da Anna's Archive, wanda da farko ya nuna sakamakon Z-Library da LibGen . [1] [2] [4] [5]

Yanar gizo da ayyukanta

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An bayyana Anna's Archive a matsayin injin bincike, [6] injin bincike na meta, [1] da kuma ɗakin karatu na inuwa. [2] Yana gudanar da shafuka da dama na madubi a ƙarƙashin manyan yankuna daban-daban. [† 1] An keɓe lambar tushe ga yankin jama'a a ƙarƙashin lasisin CC0 . [† 2] Shafin ba ya ɗaukar nauyin duk wani fayil (wanda ya yi iƙirarin cewa ba shi da alhakin sauke ayyukan haƙƙin mallaka), amma yana nuna bayanai da hanyoyin haɗi zuwa saukar da "ɓangare na uku". [† 1] [6] [7] Hakanan yana bayar da saukewa ta hanyar yarjejeniyar IPFS . [lower-alpha 1] [1] [8]

"Laburaren tushe" na shafin sun haɗa da LibGen, Sci-Hub, Z-Library, Intanet Archive, DuXiu, MagzDB, Nexus/STC, da HathiTrust ; An jera Open Library, WorldCat, da Google Books a matsayin tushen bayanai kawai. [† 4] Wasu daga cikin waɗannan bayanan sun riga sun isa ga jama'a, yayin da wasu kuma an share su ko kuma an same su a wani wuri na sirri don rarrabawa. [† 4] [9] Sannan ana fitar da su da yawa [lower-alpha 2] tare da fayilolin torrent don su kasance masu juriya ga cirewar yanar gizo . [† 1] As of Yuli 2026 Taskar Anna ta ƙunshi littattafai 65,680,735 da takardu 95,694,578, [† 1] kuma jerin tarin raƙuman ruwa da aka haɗa ya kai kusan petabytes 1.1. [† 6]

Wani bincike da aka gudanar a shekarar 2025, wanda ya kwatanta yadda ake tattara bayanai a rumbun adana bayanai na gargajiya da wasu hanyoyi daban-daban (gami da injunan bincike na ilimi, sauran rumbun adana bayanai na yanar gizo, hanyoyin sadarwar zamantakewa na ilimi, da shafukan yanar gizo na fashin teku ) ya gano cewa Anna's Archives tana cikin mafi cikakken bayani game da cikakken rubutu, amma ta soki shi da cewa yana da hanyar sadarwa mara fahimta. [10] A watan Maris na 2025, an samu matsakaicin saukar da littattafai sama da 650,000 a kowace rana, kusan sau 10 da aka kiyasta cewa Laburaren Jama'a na New York sun rarraba. [11]

Fasaha

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Kariyar kayayyakin more rayuwa da DDoS

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Anna's Archive tana amfani da tsarin sabar mai matakai da yawa wanda aka tsara don juriya ga cirewa da dakatarwa. A cewar wani rubutu a shafin yanar gizo na 2023 da masu gudanar da shafin suka wallafa, bayan shafin yana aiki akan Flask, MariaDB, da Elasticsearch, wanda aka shirya akan sabar masu araha waɗanda aka wakilta ta hanyar masu samar da kayayyaki daban-daban don kare ainihin kayan aikin masauki daga buƙatun doka. Ana kula da sabar wakili da yawa da sabar aikace-aikace ta yadda idan wani mai bada sabis ya dakatar da sabis ɗin, shafin zai iya ci gaba da aiki. [† 7]

Da farko shafin ya yi amfani da matakin kyauta na Cloudflare a matsayin ƙarin kariya da kuma matakin kariya na DDoS, yana amfani da matsayin shari'a na Cloudflare cewa yana aiki a matsayin mai amfani maimakon mai ba da sabis na masauki kuma saboda haka ba ya ƙarƙashin buƙatun cire DMCA kai tsaye. [† 7] Duk da haka, bayan umarnin kotu da suka shafi ƙarar Spotify a watan Janairun 2026, Cloudflare ya kashe sabar sunayensa ga wasu yankuna na Anna's Archive. [12] Akalla wasu daga cikin shafukan yanar gizon sun koma DDoS-Guard, wani kamfanin samar da kariya da isar da abun ciki na DDoS na Rasha. [13]

Rijistar yanki

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Anna's Archive yana da rajistar domains ta hanyar masu rijista iri-iri a fadin yankuna daban-daban. An yi rijistar wasu daga cikin yankunanta, gami da yankunanta na .li da .gl, ta hanyar Njalla, [14] wani sabis na yin rijistar yankin da ke mai da hankali kan sirri wanda Njalla SRL ke gudanarwa a Costa Rica, [15] wanda ke yin rijistar yankuna da sunansa a madadin abokan ciniki don kare asalinsu.

Tsarin bayanai

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An daidaita bayanan shafin a ƙarƙashin tsarin Anna's Archive Containers (AAC), wanda aka gabatar a watan Agusta na 2023 don ba da damar sake fitarwa a hankali. Kowace akwati ta ƙunshi bayanai na metadata da kuma bayanan binary da aka haɗa da zaɓi. Fayilolin metadata suna amfani da JSON mai iyaka da aka matsa tare da Zstandard, yayin da fayilolin bayanai na binary ke adana su a cikin kundin adireshi masu tsari. An tsara tsarin don ya zama mai sauƙin karantawa ta na'ura, mai sauƙin rarrabawa ta hanyar torrents, kuma ya dace da tarin MariaDB, Elasticsearch, da Python na shafin da ke akwai

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)". Anna's Archive. Retrieved January 4, 2026. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "FAQ" defined multiple times with different content.
  2. ↑ "AnnaArchivist / annas-archive". GitLab (in Turanci). Retrieved January 23, 2025.
  3. ↑ "Putting 5,998,794 books on IPFS". Anna's Blog. November 19, 2022. Retrieved January 15, 2025.
  4. 1 2 "Datasets". Anna's Archive. Retrieved January 15, 2025.
  5. ↑ "Anna's Archive Containers (AAC): standardizing releases from the world's largest shadow library". Anna's Blog. August 15, 2023. Retrieved January 17, 2025.
  6. ↑ "Torrents". Anna's Archive. Retrieved January 4, 2026.
  7. 1 2 "How to run a shadow library: operations at Anna's Archive". Anna's Blog. August 15, 2023. Retrieved March 8, 2026. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "operations" defined multiple times with different content.
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  1. 1 2 3 4 Van der Sar, Ernesto (April 16, 2024). ""Anna's Archive" Opens the Door to Z-Library and Other Pirate Libraries". TorrentFreak (in Turanci). Retrieved August 19, 2024. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Van der Sar-2024a" defined multiple times with different content.
  2. 1 2 3 Maxwell, Andy (January 4, 2024). "Silenzio! 'Anna's Archive' Shadow Library Blocked Following Publishers' Complaint". TorrentFreak (in Turanci). Retrieved December 29, 2024. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Maxwell-2024" defined multiple times with different content.
  3. ↑ Booth, Callum (July 4, 2022). "The Pirate Library Mirror wants to preserve all human knowledge... illegally". TNW (in Turanci). Retrieved October 19, 2024.
  4. ↑ Manos, Leda (November 22, 2022). "Free Z-Library E-Book Download Search Engine "Anna's Archive" Launches Amid Arrests". LA Weekly (in Turanci). Retrieved December 29, 2024.
  5. ↑ Newson, Georgie (December 14, 2022). "In the Shadow Library". LRB Blog (in Turanci). Retrieved January 22, 2025.
  6. 1 2 Binder, Matt (November 5, 2025). "Google reportedly blocks 749 million Anna's Archive URLs". Mashable (in Turanci). Retrieved November 7, 2025.
  7. ↑ Van der Sar, Ernesto (February 7, 2024). "Lawsuit Accuses Anna's Archive of Hacking WorldCat, Stealing 2.2 TB Data". TorrentFreak (in Turanci). Retrieved December 30, 2024.
  8. ↑ Son, Jihun; Kim, Gyubin; Jung, Hyunwoo; Bang, Jewan; Park, Jungheum (October 1, 2023). "IF-DSS: A forensic investigation framework for decentralized storage services". Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation. 46. doi:10.1016/j.fsidi.2023.301611. ISSN 2666-2817.
  9. ↑ Van der Sar, Ernesto (October 3, 2023). "Anna's Archive Scraped WorldCat to Help Preserve 'All' Books in the World". TorrentFreak (in Turanci). Retrieved August 19, 2024.
  10. ↑ Walters, William H. (July 8, 2025). "Comparing conventional and alternative mechanisms of discovering and accessing the scientific literature". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 122 (27). Bibcode:2025PNAS..12203051W. doi:10.1073/pnas.2503051122. PMC 12260569 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 40591597 Check |pmid= value (help).
  11. ↑ Kozina, Elizaveta; Toson, Christian (March 2025). "Anna, the Universal Library". La Rivista di Engramma (222): 243–259. doi:10.25432/1826-901X/2025.222.0032.
  12. ↑ Brodkin, Jon (January 21, 2026). "Spotify won court order against Anna's Archive, taking down .org domain". Ars Technica (in Turanci). Retrieved January 22, 2026.
  13. ↑ Van der Sar, Ernesto (January 28, 2026). "Spotify's Crackdown on Anna's Archive Domains Hits a Jurisdiction Snag * TorrentFreak". TorrentFreak. Retrieved March 8, 2026.
  14. ↑ van der Sar, Ernesto (March 2, 2026). "Anna's Archive Loses .LI Domain As Legal Pressure Mounts". TorrentFreak. Retrieved March 8, 2026.
  15. ↑ "About Njalla". Njalla. Retrieved March 8, 2026.
  1. ↑ According to Anna's personal blog, they no longer host IPFS themselves because they believe it is not yet suitable for their purposes.[† 3]
  2. ↑ According to a post on Anna's blog, the project's data is standardized under the custom Anna's Archive Containers format to allow for incremental releases.[† 5]
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