Tarihin baki
 Tarihin baki | |
|---|---|
academic discipline (en)  , field of work (en) da field of study (en) | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | tarihi |
| Muhimmin darasi | lived experience (en) |
| Gudanarwan | oral historian (en) , seanchaí (mul) da Seannachie (en) |
| Uses (en) | oral history (en) |
Tarihin baki shine tattarawa da nazarin bayanan tarihi daga mutane, iyalai, muhimman abubuwan da suka faru, ko rayuwar yau da kullun ta amfani da sauti, bidiyo, ko rubutun tambayoyin da aka shirya. Ana gudanar da waɗannan tambayoyin tare da mutanen da suka halarci ko kuma suka lura da abubuwan da suka faru a baya kuma waɗanda za a adana tunaninsu da fahimtar waɗannan a matsayin rikodin ji ga tsararraki masu zuwa. Tarihin baki yana ƙoƙari ya sami bayanai daga ra'ayoyi daban-daban kuma yawancin waɗannan ba za a iya samun su a rubuce-rubuce ba. Tarihin baki kuma yana nufin bayanan da aka tattara ta wannan hanyar da kuma aikin da aka rubuta (wanda aka buga ko wanda ba a buga ba) bisa ga irin wannan bayanan, sau da yawa ana kiyaye shi a cikin ɗakunan ajiya da manyan ɗakunan karatu.[1] Ilimi da aka gabatar ta hanyar tarihin baki na musamman ne saboda yana da ra'ayi, tunani, ra'ayoyi da fahimtar wanda aka yi hira da shi a cikin ainihin tsari.[2]
Ana amfani da kalmar a wasu lokuta a cikin ma'anar gaba ɗaya don komawa ga nazarin bayanai game da abubuwan da suka faru a baya waɗanda shaidu suka gaya wa kowa,[3] [4] amma ƙwararrun masana tarihi galibi suna ɗaukar wannan a matsayin nazarin al'adar baki ko tarihin baki na gargajiya saboda tushen da ke karɓar bayanin ta hanyar ji.
Bayani na gaba ɗaya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An yi imanin cewa kalmar Tarihin baki ta samo asali ne daga Joe Gould, mutumin da ba shi da gida wanda ke zaune a Birnin New York wanda ya nemi gudummawa ta hanyar da'awar cewa yana aiki a kan babban rubutun da ake kira "An Oral History of Our Time", wanda ya ce ya ƙunshi dubban tattaunawar da aka rubuta akan batutuwa daban-daban.[5] Kodayake an san shi da tarihin rashin lafiya da tashin hankali, wasu marubuta a Greenwich Village sun ƙaunaci Gould, gami da Ezra Pound da E. E. Cummings. Rubuce-rubucensa, wanda ake zaton ya fito ne daga wannan "Tarihin Magana", an buga shi a cikin mujallu masu daraja, kuma daga ƙarshe an bayyana shi a cikin The New Yorker .
Girma da ci gaba
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Biritaniya da Ireland
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tun daga farkon shekarun 1970s, tarihin baki a Burtaniya ya girma daga kasancewa hanya a cikin nazarin al'adun gargajiya (duba misali aikin Makarantar Nazarin Scotland a cikin shekarun 1950s) zuwa zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci a cikin tarihin al'umma. Tarihin baki ya ci gaba da kasancewa muhimmiyar hanyar da wadanda ba malamai ba za su iya shiga cikin tattarawa da nazarin tarihi. Masu aiki a cikin fannoni daban-daban na ilimi sun kuma haɓaka hanyar zuwa hanyar yin rikodin, fahimta, da adana abubuwan tunawa. Tasirin ya hada da tarihin mata da tarihin aiki.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Definition of oral history from the Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science".
- ↑ Nkala, Gugulethu Shamaine; David, Rodreck (2015). "Oral History Sources as Learning Materials: A Case Study of The National University of Science and Technology". Oral History Journal of South Africa. 3 (2): 82. doi:10.25159/2309-5792/340. Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
- ↑ "Definition of oral history from the Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science".
- ↑ Samfuri:Cite American Heritage Dictionary
- ↑ "Definition of oral history from the Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science".