Tarihin mutanen Gabas ta Tsakiya a Metro Detroit

Kamfanonin Larabawa mallakar Dearborn, Michigan

Tarihin mutanen Gabas ta Tsakiya a Metro Detroit
aspect of history (en)

Yankin babban birnin Detroit yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan wuraren da mutanen Gabas ta Tsakiya suka fi yawa, ciki har da Larabawa da Chaldo-Assuriyawa a Amurka . Ya zuwa shekarar 2007, kimanin mutane 300,000 a Kudu maso Gabashin Michigan sun samo asali ne daga Gabas ta Tsakiya. Al'ummar Larabawa masu girma ta Dearborn ta ƙunshi galibin mutanen Lebanon waɗanda suka yi ƙaura don neman aiki a masana'antar kera motoci a shekarun 1920, da kuma 'yan Yemen da Iraki na baya-bayan nan. A shekarar 2010, gundumomin Metro Detroit guda huɗu suna da aƙalla mutane 200,000 'yan asalin Gabas ta Tsakiya. Bobby Ghosh na TIME ya ce wasu ƙididdiga sun ba da adadi mai yawa. Daga 1990 zuwa 2000, kashi na mutanen da ke magana da Larabci a gidan ya ƙaru da kashi 106% a Gundumar Wayne, kashi 99.5% a Gundumar Macomb, da kashi 41% a Gundumar Oakland .

Daga 1990 zuwa 2000, gundumomin Wayne, Oakland, da Macomb sun sami ƙaruwar mutane 16,632 waɗanda aka haifa a Iraki. Mujallar "Larabci, Chaldean, da Middle Eastern Children and Families in the Tri-County Area" ta jerin " Daga hangen nesa na yaro: Detroit Metropolitan Census 2000 Fact Sheets Series" ta bayyana cewa "ba za a iya tantance wakilcin Larabawa da Kaldiyawa ba" a cikin wannan adadi. [1] A cikin wannan lokacin an sami ƙaruwar mutane 7,229 da aka haifa a Lebanon. [1]

Larabawan Amurka

Gidan Tarihin Ƙasa na Larabawa na Amurka a Dearborn

Zuwa shekarar 2007, Metro Detroit, idan aka ayyana ta a matsayin gundumar Wayne, Oakland, Macomb, da Washtenaw, tana da mafi yawan jama'ar Amurkawa Larabawa, fiye da na Babban Birnin Los Angeles idan aka ayyana wannan yanki a matsayin gundumomin Los Angeles, Orange, da Ventura . A wannan shekarar, Amurkawa Larabawa suna ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙungiyoyin baƙi zuwa Kudu maso Gabashin Michigan. Yawancin Larabawan Metro Detroit 'yan Lebanon ne, Falasɗinawa, Iraki, da Yemen .

A cewar Jen'nan Ghazal na Ofishin Kididdiga na Amurka, ya zuwa shekarar 2000, a yankin Wayne-Oakland-Macomb-Washtenaw akwai mutane 96,363 na asalin Larabawa, [1] wanda mutane 92,122 suka rayu a gundumar Wayne, Oakland, ko Macomb; wadannan sun kai kashi 79.2% na mazauna Michigan na asalin Larabawa. [2] A cewar Read, a yankin Wayne-Oakland-Macomb-Washtenaw akwai mutane 131,650 na asalin Larabawa a shekarar 2004. [1] Mafi yawan adadin Larabawan Amurkawa a yankin Metro Detroit suna zaune a Gundumar Wayne. Ya zuwa shekarar 2004, addinan Larabawan Amurkawa a Detroit sun hada da addinan Musulunci da Kiristanci, tare da nau'ikan Kirista da suka hada da Maronite, Melkite, Greek Orthodox, da Syriac Orthodox . Akwai rassan Musulunci na addinan Sunni da Shi'a a Metro Detroit. 'Yan Jordan da Falasdinawa a Metro Detroit sun hada da masu imani da Musuluncin Sunni, Katolika, Furotesta, da kuma addinan Kirista na Girka. Mutanen Yemen da Iraqi sun haɗa da masu bin mazhabar Sunni ta Shafi'i da kuma mazhabar Musulmi ta Shi'a ta Zaidiyyah . Tun daga shekarar 2004, Larabawan da suka ƙaura zuwa Metro Detroit kwanan nan Musulmi ne. [2] Wani bincike da Jami'ar Jihar Wayne ta gudanar a shekarar 2007 ya nuna cewa al'ummar Larabawan Metro Detroit na samar da dala biliyan 7.7 a kowace shekara a matsayin albashi da albashi. [3] Kowace shekara, waɗannan kasuwancin suna samar da dala miliyan 500 a matsayin haraji ga jihar. [4]

Tun daga shekarar 2006, Hamtramck tana da yawan jama'ar Yemen.

Tun daga shekarar 2004 Larabawa suka bayyana cewa suna son zuwa Detroit don haɗa iyalansu, su tsere daga rikice-rikicen Gabas ta Tsakiya, da kuma inganta matsayin tattalin arzikinsu. Tun daga shekarar 2000, waɗanda suka rasa matsugunin jama'a, wahalar tattalin arziki, da zaluncin siyasa sun haɗa da Falasɗinawa, 'yan Yemen, da 'yan Chaldo-Assiriya na Iraki, da kuma 'yan gudun hijira daga yaƙi sun haɗa da 'yan Shi'a daga Iraki da Lebanon. Andrew Shryock da Nabeel Abraham, marubutan "On Margins and Mainstreams", sun rubuta cewa "Lokacin da aka tambaye su su bayyana dalilin da yasa Larabawa da yawa suka yi ƙaura zuwa Detroit, yawancin mutanen da ke cikin al'umma za su ambaci masana'antar motoci. A matsayin wani nau'in gajeriyar tarihi, wannan amsar tabbas ita ce mafi kyau."

Walgreens a Dearborn mai alamar Larabci

Tarihin Larabawa

Da suka isa farkon shekarun 1870, mutanen farko da suka fara zama a Gabas ta Tsakiya a yankin Detroit 'yan Lebanon ne. Yawancinsu Kiristoci ne, ciki har da Maronites, Melkites, da Eastern Orthodox. Wasu 'yan cirani Musulmai ne na Sunni da kuma Musulmai 'yan Shi'a. Wasu Druze suma sun yi ƙaura. Wani labari a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, 1900 a cikin Detroit Free Press ya bayyana cewa "Mallakar Siriyawa ta Detroit" ya ƙunshi mutane 75-100, galibi 'yan Maronites na Lebanon. 'Yan Lebanon sun yi aiki a matsayin masu sayar da kaya da masu siyayya. Masana'antar Henry Ford tana da ma'aikatan Siriya 555, ciki har da Musulmai da yawa da suka iso kwanan nan, a shekarar 1916. Masu magana da Larabci 9,000 suna cikin mazauna Detroit a shekarar 1930. Daga cikinsu, 6,000 'yan Syria ne. Sauran sun haɗa da 'yan Assyrian, 'yan Yemen, da Falasdinawa. Baƙi daga Levant an fara sanya musu suna a matsayin 'yan Lardin Ottoman na Siriya . Bayan 1920 Daular Ottoman ta ruguje kuma masu mulkin mallaka na Turai suka raba yankunan da ke cikin Levant zuwa Lebanon, Palestine, da Syria . Saboda haka aka fara rarraba bakin haure zuwa Detroit a matsayin 'yan Lebanon, Falasdinawa, da Siriya.

Shige da fice daga Iraki ya fara ne a farkon karni na 20, kuma shige da fice daga Yemen da yankin Larabawa ya fara ne a farkon karni na 20. Yawan shige da ficen 'yan Iraki ya faru ne daga 1927 zuwa 1950, kuma mafi girman shige da ficen 'yan Yemen da wadanda suka fito daga yankin ya faru ne daga 1912 zuwa 1925. Daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyi uku, a shekarar 1951, yawancinsu sun zauna tare a wani yanki na Dearborn. A kusan shekarar 1951 akwai kimanin mutane 50,000 a Detroit wadanda suka fito daga Lebanon da Syria. A kusan shekarar akwai kimanin mutane 4,000 zuwa 5,000 a Detroit da Dearborn wadanda suka fito daga yankin Larabawa, Iraki, Yemen, da sauran kasashen Gabas ta Tsakiya. Sally Howell, marubuciyar littafin "Competing for Muslims: New Strategies for Urban Renewal in Detroit", ta rubuta cewa mutanen Yemen suna da zama a yankin tun daga karshen shekarun 1960. Baƙi 'yan ƙasashen Larabawa sun ci gaba da tafiya zuwa Detroit ko da bayan faduwar masana'antar kera motoci a shekarun 1970.

Yaƙin Basasa na Lebanon na 1975-1990 ya haifar da kwararar bakin haure zuwa Detroit.

'Yan Iraki da yawa sun yi ƙaura zuwa Metro Detroit bayan Yaƙin Tekun Fasha na 1991 da Yaƙin Iraki na 2003. Al'ummar Iraki da ke Metro Detroit sun goyi bayan mamayar Iraki a 2003.

Daga shekarar 2001 zuwa 2011, adadin membobin ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta larabawa ta Amurka ya ƙaru daga 300 zuwa 1500.

A shekarar 2015, magajin garin Detroit Mike Duggan ya sanar da cewa birninsa zai karɓi iyalai 50 na Siriya daga Yaƙin Basasa na Siriya kuma zai tallafa musu na tsawon shekaru uku.

Alƙaluman Larabawa

Tun bayan ƙaurarsu zuwa Amurka a shekarun 1870, yawan Larabawa yana ƙaruwa akai-akai. Ana iya ganin wannan ƙaruwar a cikin bayanan da Cibiyar Bincike ta Al'umma ta Amurka da Ofishin Ƙidayar Jama'a ta Amurka suka tattara. Don tantance wannan adadin, ana aika bincike don neman kowane mutum ya gano "kakanni ko asalin ƙabilarsa." Ofishin Ƙidayar Jama'a na Amurka ya bayyana wannan kalma a matsayin asalin ƙabila, zuri'a, tushe, gado ko wurin haihuwar mutum ko kakanni. Ofishin Ƙidayar Jama'a na Amurka yana ɗaukar mutanen da suka ba da rahoton cewa suna ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan asalin ƙabila a matsayin Larabawa: Aljeriya, Bahrain, Masar, Emirati, Iraki, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Omani, Falasɗinawa, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, da Yemen.

Tare da sharuɗɗan da aka ambata a sama, an kiyasta cewa mutane 850,000 masu asalin Larabawa (kashi 0.35 cikin 100 na jimlar yawan jama'a) sun zauna a Amurka a shekarar 1990. A shekarar 2004, miliyan 1.2 (kashi 0.42 cikin 100 na jimlar yawan jama'a) sun zauna a Amurka. Kiyasin shekaru 5 na ACS na 2006-2010 ya nuna cewa kimanin mutane miliyan 1.5 (kashi 0.5 cikin 100 na jimlar yawan jama'a) masu asalin Larabawa suna zaune a Amurka, wanda ke wakiltar karuwar kashi 76.0 cikin 100 tun daga shekarar 1990. A halin yanzu, jihohi goma da suka fi yawan jama'ar Larabawa sune California, Michigan, New York, Florida, Texas, New Jersey, Illinois, Ohio, Massachusetts, da Pennsylvania, bi da bi. Waɗannan al'ummomin galibi suna zaune ne a yankunan birni.

Al'ummomin Larabawan Amurka gabaɗaya suna da alaƙa mai ƙarfi, domin suna daraja iyali, al'ada, da kuma nasarar tattalin arziki. Baƙi na baya-bayan nan sun yi aiki a matsayin masu talla da kuma masana'antu. Duk da haka, baƙin haure na baya-bayan nan sun ɗauki matsayi a dukkan sassan al'umma, gami da mukaman jagoranci na jama'a. Waɗannan ayyukan ƙwararru da ke ƙaruwa sun taimaka wajen kafa yawancin jama'a a cikin biranen da ke cike da jama'a. Saboda haka, ƙaruwar rawar da suke takawa a manyan mukamai ya taimaka wajen haɓaka matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na gidajen Larabawan Amurka zuwa $56,433 idan aka kwatanta da $51,914 ga dukkan gidaje a Amurka.

Tattalin Arzikin Larabawa

Yawancin 'yan Lebanon suna da shaguna, gidajen cin abinci, shaguna, da sauran manyan kasuwanci; an san su da wannan a tarihi.

Addinin Larabawa

Masallacin Highland Park da aka gina a Detroit a shekarun 1920 shi ne masallaci na farko da aka gina a Amurka

Cibiyar Musulunci ta Amurka (Larabci: المركز الإسلامي في اميركا[1]) masallaci ne da ke Dearborn, Michigan. Duk da cewa cibiyar ta samo asali ne tun daga shekarar 1963, [2] an bude masallacin Cibiyar a shekarar 2005. Shi ne masallaci mafi girma a Arewacin Amurka[3][4] kuma masallacin Shi'a mafi tsufa a Amurka.[5] Tare da yawan al'ummar Larabawa 'yan Shi'a (wanda galibinsu 'yan Lebanon ne), ana kiran Dearborn da "zuciyar Shi'a" a Amurka.

Masallacin Mu'ath bin Jabal ( Arabic ), an kafa shi a shekarar 1976. Sally Howell, marubuciyar littafin "Competing for Muslims: New Strategies for Urban Renewal in Detroit", ta rubuta cewa jami'an gwamnati da Musulmai na yankin sun "ba da girmamawa" masallacin "da ya juya ɗaya daga cikin unguwannin Detroit mafi wahala a lokacin da annobar crack cocaine ta tsananta a shekarun 1980, ya sanya titunansa su kasance lafiya, ya farfaɗo da kasuwar gidaje da ke barci, ya jawo sabbin kasuwanci zuwa yankin, da kuma kafa harsashin al'ummar Musulmi masu bambancin ƙabila, waɗanda ake iya gani sosai a Detroit da Hamtramck."

'Yan Amurkan Assuriya

Zuwa shekarar 2004, yankin Metro Detroit ya kasance gida ga mafi yawan al'ummar Assuriyawa a ƙasashen waje . Yawancin Chaldo-Assuriyawa waɗanda suka yi ƙaura zuwa Metro Detroit sun fito ne daga arewacin Iraki, kodayake wasu sun fito ne daga arewa maso yammacin Iran, arewa maso gabashin Siriya, da kudu maso gabashin Turkiyya. Sau da yawa lokacin da suke ƙaura, Assuriyawa a Detroit suna aiki a fannin kasuwanci, kayan abinci, da kuma kula da kasuwa. Duk da haka, a zamanin yau, da yawa a cikin ƙananan tsararraki suna neman shiga fannoni masu ci gaba kamar likitanci da injiniya. Yawancin Assuriyawa a Detroit galibi suna kiran kansu 'yan Kaldiyawa, saboda kasancewa membobin Cocin Katolika na Kaldiyawa, da kuma rashin ilimi gabaɗaya game da babban al'ummar Assuriyawa a wasu wurare da tarihi.

A bisa kididdigar Amurka ta shekarar 2007, akwai 'yan Assyrian 32,322 a yankin Wayne, Macomb, Oakland, da Washtenaw mai gundumomi huɗu a Michigan. Littafin "Larabci, Chaldean, da Middle Eastern Children and Families in the Tri-County Area" na From a Child's Perspective: Detroit Metropolitan Census 2000 Fact Sheets Series ya bayyana cewa "Yawancin 'yan Kaldiya sun yi imanin cewa suna da wani asali na musamman banda Larabawa kuma suna son kada a ɗauke su a matsayin wani ɓangare na al'ummar Larabawa." Ya zuwa shekarar 2004, 'yan Assyrian Katolika na Kaldiya a cikin gundumomi Wayne, Oakland, da Macomb sun kai kashi 94% na al'ummar Assyrian na Jihar Michigan.

Tarihin al'umma

Cocin Chaldean na Sacred Heart a Garin Chaldean, Detroit

Mutanen Kaldiyawa na farko sun isa a farkon shekarun 1900, suna ɗaukar aiki a masana'antar motoci. Babban ƙaura na farko da 'yan Kaldiyawa-Assuriyawa suka yi zuwa Detroit ya kasance a shekarun 1920 sakamakon kisan gillar Assuriyawa ; zuwa 1953, akwai iyalai 300 na Kaldiyawa Katolika a Detroit. Duk da haka, yawancin al'ummar Kaldiyawa sun zauna a Metro Detroit a ƙarshen shekarun 1960, suna zaune a wannan yanki saboda samun ayyukan yi a masana'antar motoci, kasancewar al'ummar Kirista ta Maronite (wadda al'ummomin biyu suka yi kamanceceniya da yawa), da kuma wata al'umma da ta riga ta kasance a Detroit da kuma kusa da Windsor, Ontario . Yawanci, sabbin baƙi da suka shigo da farko suna aiki a ƙananan shagunan mallakar iyali waɗanda tsofaffin ƙungiyoyi suka kafa. Yayin da lokaci ya shude, ƙarin 'yan Chaldo-Assuriyawa sun ƙaura zuwa Detroit kuma sun sami ayyuka a shagunan da 'yan uwansu ke gudanarwa. Shagunan sun zama manya, sun zama manyan shagunan kayan more rayuwa. Da zarar matsayin tattalin arziki na iyalan Assyrian ya inganta, tsofaffin ƙungiyoyi sun ƙaura zuwa unguwannin bayan gari. A lokacin raƙuman farko sun zauna a Oak Park da Southfield, kuma a lokacin raƙuman biyu sun ƙaura zuwa Birmingham, Bloomfield Hills, Farmington Hills, da West Bloomfield Township .

Cibiyar Kaldiya ta Amurka a Garin Kaldiya

Kusan 1979, bayan Yakubu Yasso, mai martaba Cocin Kaldiyawa mai tsarki ( Imperial Aramaic ʿēttāʾ d-lebbēh d-māran d-ḵaldāyēʾ ), ya taya Saddam Hussein murna kan zama Shugaban Iraki, Saddam ya ba da gudummawar dala $250,000 ($ 1083104.08 idan aka daidaita da hauhawar farashin kaya) ga cocin. A shekarar 1980, Saddam ya ba Yasso dala $200,000 ($ 763247.17 lokacin da aka daidaita da hauhawar farashin kaya) bayan Yasso ya gaya wa Saddam cewa cocinsa yana da dala $170,000 ($ 648760.1 idan aka daidaita da hauhawar farashin kaya) a cikin basussuka. WDIV-TV (Channel 4) ya rubuta cewa kudaden "sun taimaka wajen gina" Cibiyar Chaldean ta Amurka, gini a kan Titin Bakwai Mile kusa da cocin wanda ke da ofisoshin coci, makarantar harshen Ingilishi, da gidan kayan tarihi na al'adu. Don girmama kokarin Saddam, Yasso ya bai wa Saddam "Mabuɗin Gari" wanda Magajin Garin Detroit Coleman Young ya saya.

Jami'ai daga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka sun bayyana cewa, a lokacin, Saddam ya ba da akalla dala miliyan 1.7 ga ƙungiyoyin Assyrian a faɗin Amurka, inda mafi yawansu suka fi yawa a Detroit. Yasmeen S. Hanoosh, marubucin littafin The Politics of Minority Chaldes Between Iraq and America, ya rubuta cewa ana kiran hanyoyin bayar da gudummawa, amma ana fassara su a matsayin cin hanci . Jami'an Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen sun kuma bayyana cewa gwamnatin Iraki tana kafa hanyoyin leƙen asiri a cikin waɗannan al'ummomi a wancan lokacin. Rahotanni daga kafofin watsa labarai na Amurka da Assyrian sun bayyana cewa a cikin lokacin da ya kai 1979-1980, gwamnatin Iraki ta yi ƙoƙarin ci gaba da manufofinta na cikin gida na mayar da Kaldiyawa Larabawa a Amurka ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa a coci-coci, tana ƙoƙarin inganta sunanta ko dai ta hanyar cin hanci ko barazana.

Ya zuwa shekarar 1990, akwai kimanin 'yan Assyrian 50,000 zuwa 60,000 a yankin babban birni. Al'ummar ta fara ƙaura zuwa Metro Detroit a shekarun 1990, farawa da Southfield da West Bloomfield. Daga 1990 zuwa 2000, yawan mutanen Chaldean a gundumar Oakland ya ƙaru da 10,903, a gundumar Macomb da 7,579, kuma a gundumar Wayne da 219. Gundumar Macomb ta sami mafi girman kashi, a kashi 426.5%. Zuwa shekarun 2000, sun fara ƙaura zuwa yankunan gundumar Macomb ciki har da Shelby Township, Sterling Heights, da Warren . Kiyasi daga majami'un Katolika na Chaldean a shekarar 2002 ya nuna cewa 'yan Chaldo-Assyrian 4,200 ne ke zaune a waɗannan biranen a lokacin. Ta hanyar 2004, Cibiyar Al'adun Kaldiyawa ( Imperial Aramaic qenṭrōn yārtūṯānāyāʾ kaldāyāʾ ), an kafa shi.

A shekarar 2023, wani bincike da aka gudanar tare da haɗin gwiwar Gidauniyar Al'ummar Chaldean da Kwalejin Walsh ya nuna cewa yawan mutanen Chaldean ya karu zuwa 183,500, kuma tasirin tattalin arzikinsu ya karu da sama da dala biliyan 17.6.

Unguwannin Chaldo-Assuriya

A shekarun 1950, Highland Park da Woodward Avenue suna da yawan mutanen Assuriyawa. Daga baya aka mayar da hankali kan al'ummar zuwa Southfield. Ya zuwa shekarar 2004, daga cikin mutanen Assuriyawa a yankin gundumomi uku, kashi 58% suna zaune a gundumar Oakland, yayin da suka fito daga gundumar Wayne shekaru da suka gabata, an umarci 'yan Assuriyawa 2,629 da ke zaune a cikin al'ummar.

Yankunan da mazaunan Assuriya suka zauna a kusan shekara ta 2001 sun haɗa da Garin Chaldean da ke Detroit, Southfield, Oak Park, Troy, da West Bloomfield Township . Mazauna Assuriyawa na Garin Chaldean sun fi zama tsofaffi masu ƙarancin kuɗi da kuma waɗanda suka ƙaura daga Gabas ta Tsakiya kwanan nan. A shekarar 2014, ban da West Bloomfield, Farmington Hills da Sterling Heights sun kuma karɓi 'yan Assuriyawa saboda rashin samun kuɗin shiga mai yawa. Ƙungiyar Chaldean Federation of America, ƙungiya mai laima ga yawancin yankunan da ƙungiyoyin Assuriyawa ke zaune, tana da ofisoshinta a Southfield. A wannan shekarar, mafi girman ginin cocin Katolika na Chaldean dangane da adadin jama'a da ke zaune a Southfield. Birnin kuma yana da gidan ritaya na Assuriyawa na yankin, Chaldean Social Club Southfield Manor, da kuma wani gidan cin abinci na Assuriyawa mai suna La Fendi.

Masana'antar kayan abinci

'Yan Assyrian suna da ikon mallakar shagunan kayan abinci na Detroit kusan, galibi saboda tashin hankalin fararen fata sakamakon rikicin Detroit na 1967. A shekarar 1962, 'yan Assyrian ne ke gudanar da shagunan kayan abinci 120, kuma sama da rabin gidajen Assyrian sun sami tallafi daga ribar kasuwancin kayan abinci. Bayan tarzomar, 'yan Assyrian sun sayi kasuwancin da aka yi watsi da su a farashi mai rahusa, wanda hakan ya kara yawan mallakar a cikin al'umma. A shekarar 1972, akwai shagunan kayan abinci 278 a Detroit mallakar 'yan Assyrian, kuma zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1990, wannan adadin ya karu zuwa 1,500.

Yawancin abokan cinikin waɗannan shagunan 'yan Afirka ne da ke zaune a birnin, wanda ya haifar da wasu muhimman abubuwan da suka faru na tashin hankali tsakanin ƙungiyoyin biyu a baya. Akwai ƙiyayya ga kasuwancin 'yan Assyrian saboda, a matsayin ayyukan iyali, da yawa ba sa ɗaukar ma'aikata daga waje, ciki har da 'yan Afirka Amurkawa. Mutane da yawa kuma sun ji cewa an sami wariya ta asali ta hanyar cajin kuɗi fiye da kima don oda. A cewar Associated Food Dealers of Michigan (AFD), manyan shaguna ne kawai ke da alaƙa da aikin launin fata tare da 'yan Afirka Amurkawa da 'yan Assyrian da ke aiki tare. Natalie Jill Smith, marubuciyar littafin "Ethnicity, Reciprocity, Reputation and Punishment: An Ethnoexperimental Study of Cooperation among the Chaldes and Hmong of Detroit (Michigan)", ta bayyana cewa "ta haɗu da 'yan kasuwa kaɗan waɗanda suka ɗauki ma'aikata 'yan Afirka" kuma ma'aikata da ba su da alaƙa da masu su sun fi zama 'yan Assyrian ko ' yan Caucasian Amurkawa . Tashin hankali ya kasance abin da ya faru a baya tsakanin masu kasuwancin Chaldo-Assyrian, inda da yawa suka mutu a cikin waɗannan abubuwan. Dangantaka tsakanin al'ummomin Baƙar fata 'yan Amurka da na Assuriya a Garin Kaldiya ta kusa kai wani mummunan matsayi a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, inda kashe-kashe a tsakanin ƙungiyoyin biyu ya haifar da tashin hankali mai tsanani. Duk da haka, matasa da yawa a Assuriya a yau suna neman ƙarin fannoni na ƙwararru don aiki, suna halartar jami'o'i da kuma barin tsarin kayan abinci na gargajiya.

Al'adu

A al'adun Chaldo-Assuriya, iyali na gargajiya da kuma dabi'un addini suna da matuƙar muhimmanci ga al'umma, duk da cewa ƙananan tsararraki suna ƙara zama na Amurkawa. Wannan yana iya zama saboda gaskiyar cewa al'adun Assuriya sun dogara ne akan asalin ƙabila da asalin iyali. Yawancin Assuriyawa a Metro Detroit sun samo asali ne daga Iraƙi (musamman Tel Keppe a cikin Nineveh Plains ) ko Turkiyya .

Cibiyoyi

Cocin Katolika na Saint Joseph na Chaldean a Troy

A Metro Detroit har zuwa shekarar 2007, akwai majami'u biyar na Katolika na Kaldiya, ɗaya a garin Chaldean da ɗaya a Oak Park, Southfield, Troy, da West Bloomfield Township . A shekarar 2015, Cocin Sacred Heart na garin Chaldean ya ƙaura zuwa Warren .

Ƙungiyar Chaldean Federation of America (CFA) tana kula da ƙungiyoyin Assyrian da dama da ke yankin Detroit yayin da Ƙungiyar Chaldean-Iraqi ta Michigan (CIAM) ke kula da Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Shenandoah da Southfield Manor, ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa guda biyu na Assyrian. 'Yan Assyrian suna da adadin shiga cikin rukuni sama da matsakaicin Amurka.

Cibiyar Ilimi ta Al'umma, cibiyar da gwamnati ke daukar nauyinta, tana kan titin Woodward a garin Chaldean, kusa da Seven Mile . Asaad Yousif Kalasho ne ya kafa cibiyar. Malamai da yawancin ɗaliban 'yan Asalin Assuriya ne kuma suna ba da ilimi kyauta.

Wata ƙungiya, Chaldean Americans Reaching and Encouraging (CARE), tana ɗaukar matakai don inganta al'ummar Assyrian kamar yin abincin da aka ba ta. Tun daga shekarar 2001, yawancin membobin suna cikin farkon shekarunsu na 20. Wata ƙungiya, Chaldean American Ladies of Charity, ita ma al'umma ce ta fi ambatonta.

Gidauniyar Al'ummar Chaldean tana da hedikwata a Sterling Heights . Ƙungiyoyi masu haɗin gwiwa, kamar Cibiyar Al'adu ta Chaldean, Chaldean Chamber of Commerce, da Chaldean News, suna nan a yamma a Farmington Hills da West Bloomfield.

'Yan Koftik na Amurka

Ya zuwa shekarar 2008, kimanin 'yan Copt na Masar 3,000 ne suka zauna a jihar Michigan, galibi a Metro Detroit. Yawancin 'yan Copt ba sa ɗaukar kansu Larabawa kuma suna ganin kansu a matsayin zuriyar tsoffin Masarawa, yayin da masana ilimin ɗan adam ke rarraba su a matsayin Larabawa saboda al'adu da harshe.

Cocin Orthodox na St. Mark Coptic da ke Troy ita ce cibiyar addini ta Copts. Paparoma Shenouda na Uku ya kafa ginshiƙin farko na cocin. An fara ginin ne a ranar 1 ga Mayu, 1977 kuma an kammala shi a watan Mayu 1979, tare da Cocin Mai Tsarki na farko a ranar 8 ga Mayu na wannan shekarar kuma an keɓe shi a shekarar 1981, daga 12 ga Yuni zuwa 14 ga Yuni. Al'ummar Coptic ta bazu a ko'ina cikin Metro Detroit, tare da mutane da yawa suna zaune nesa da cocin. Wasu membobin cocin suna zaune a arewacin Ohio .

Manazarta

• Abraham, Nabeel da Andrew Shryock. "Kashi na 1: Inganci/Dabi'u: Gabatarwa." "Akan Gefen da Babban Gine-gine." a cikin: Abraham, Nabeel da Andrew Shryock (masu gyara). Arab Detroit: Daga Gefen zuwa Babban Gine-gine . Wayne State University Press, 2000. , 9780814328125.
• Jones, Richard R. "'Yan Koftik na Masar a Detroit: Al'ummar Kabilanci da Tsarin Ƙasa Mai Nisa." a cikin: Abraham, Nabeel da Andrew Shryock (masu gyara). Arab Detroit: Daga Gefen Zuwa Babban Tashar . Wayne State University Press, 2000. ISBN 0814328121, 9780814328125. FARKO: shafi na 219 .
• Hanoosh, Yasmeen H. Siyasar 'Yan tsiraru na Kaldiyawa Tsakanin Iraki da Amurka . ProQuest, 2008. ISBN 0549984755, 9780549984757.
• Henrich, Natalie da Joseph Henrich. Dalilin da Ya Sa Mutane Ke Ba da Hadin Kai : Bayani Kan Al'adu da Juyin Halitta: Bayani Kan Al'adu da Juyin Halitta . Oxford University Press, 30 ga Mayu, 2007. ISBN 0198041179, 9780198041177.
• Howell, Sally. "Gasar Musulmai: Sabbin Dabaru Don Sabunta Birane a Detroit". Yana cikin: Shryock, Andrew (edita). Kiyayyar Musulunci/Islamophilia: Bayan Siyasar Maƙiyi da Aboki . Indiana University Press, Yuni 30, 2010. ISBN 0253004543, 9780253004543.
• Jones, Richard R. "'Yan Koftik na Masar a Detroit: Al'ummar Kabilanci da Tsarin Ƙasa Mai Nisa." a cikin: Abraham, Nabeel da Andrew Shryock (masu gyara). Arab Detroit: Daga Gefen Zuwa Babban Tashar . Wayne State University Press, 2000. ISBN 0814328121, 9780814328125. FARKO: shafi na 219 .
• Mayer, Albert. Ƙungiyoyin ƙabilu a Detroit, 1951. Sashen Ilimin zamantakewa da ilimin ɗan adam na Jami'ar Wayne, 1951.
  • An sake buga abubuwan da ke ciki zuwa: Feinstein, Otto. Al'ummomin ƙabilu na Babban Birnin Detroit . Kwalejin Monteith, Jami'ar Jihar Wayne, 1970. shafi na 157 (don "Iraq, Yeman" [sic] , da Larabawa").
• Smith, Natalie Jill. "Ƙabi'a, Rabawa, Suna da Hukunci: Nazarin Gwaji na Ƙabilanci game da Haɗin kai tsakanin Kaldiyawa da Hmong na Detroit (Michigan)" (Dissertation na PhD). Jami'ar California, Los Angeles, 2001. Lambar UMI: 3024065.
• Shryock, Andrew da Nabeel Abraham. "Akan Gefen da Babban Gine-gine." a cikin: Abraham, Nabeel da Andrew Shryock (masu gyara). Arab Detroit: Daga Gefen zuwa Babban Gine-gine . Wayne State University Press, 2000. ISBN 0814328121, 9780814328125.