Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Antwerp

Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Antwerp
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Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Beljik
Region of Belgium (en)	Flemish Region (en)
Province of Belgium (en)	Province of Antwerp (en)
Arrondissements of Belgium (en)	Arrondissement of Antwerp (en)
Belgian municipality with the title of city (en)	Birnin Antwerp
Flanked by	Scheldt (en)
Coordinates	51°16′12″N 4°20′12″E
Offical website

Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Antwerp ita ce tashar jiragen ruwa ta birnin Antwerp, Belgium . Tana cikin Flanders, galibi a lardin Antwerp, amma kuma wani ɓangare a Gabashin Flanders . Tashar jiragen ruwa ce a tsakiyar Turai wadda ake iya rage girman jiragen ruwa. Ita ce tashar jiragen ruwa ta biyu mafi girma a Turai, bayan Rotterdam . Antwerp tana tsaye a saman ƙarshen kogin Scheldt . Ana iya tafiya da jiragen ruwa masu nauyin tan 100,000 har zuwa 80. km a cikin ƙasa. Kamar Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Hamburg, wurin da Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Antwerp take a cikin ƙasa yana ba da wuri mafi tsakiya a Turai fiye da yawancin tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Tekun Arewa . Tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Antwerp suna da alaƙa da yankunan karkara ta hanyar layin dogo, hanya, da hanyoyin ruwa na kogi da magudanar ruwa. Sakamakon haka, tashar jiragen ruwa ta Antwerp ta zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Turai, tana matsayi na biyu bayan Rotterdam ta hanyar jigilar kaya. Matsayinta na ƙasashen duniya ya bambanta daga na 11 zuwa na 20 ( AAPA ). A shekarar 2012, Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Antwerp tana kula da jiragen ruwan kasuwanci na teku 14,220 (tan miliyan 190.8 na kaya, 53.6% a cikin kwantena), jiragen ruwa na cikin ƙasa 57,044 (tan miliyan 123.2 na kaya), kuma tana ba da sabis na layin jiragen ruwa zuwa wurare daban-daban na teku 800.

Tarihi

Napoleon Bonaparte ya amince da damar Antwerp a matsayin tashar jiragen ruwa; ya ba da umarnin gina makulli da tashar jiragen ruwa ta farko ta Antwerp a shekarar 1811. An kira ta da Bonaparte Dock, kuma an haɗa ta da tashar jiragen ruwa ta biyu - wacce aka kira Willem Dock bayan Sarkin Holland - a shekarar 1813. Lokacin da juyin juya halin Belgium ya ɓarke a shekarar 1830, akwai fargabar cewa 'yan Holland za su sake toshe tashar jiragen ruwa ta Scheldt, amma idan hakan ta faru, sun gamsu da tara kuɗi mai yawa. Abin farin ciki, matashiyar Belgium tana da abokai a Birtaniya, musamman ma a cikin zuciyar Lord Palmerston, waɗanda suka yi imanin cewa wanzuwar Belgium zai zama da amfani ga Birtaniya, kuma saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar da cewa sabuwar ƙasar da aka haifa tana da fa'ida ta tattalin arziki.

Da goyon bayansa, gwamnatin Belgium ta sami damar fansar kuɗin fito na Dutch Toll a shekarar 1863. A wannan lokacin, an kammala Kattendijk Dock a shekarar 1860, kuma an kammala babban layin dogo na Iron Rhine zuwa Ruhr a shekarar 1879. Daga nan Antwerp ta sake samun sabon zamani na zinariya, kuma a shekarar 1908 an gina tashoshin jiragen ruwa guda takwas. Buɗe Royers Lock, wanda aka fara a shekarar 1905, yana nufin jiragen ruwa za su kai 31 feet (9.4 m) na ruwa sun sami damar shiga tashoshin jiragen ruwa da ake da su kuma suka shiga sabbin tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Lefèbvre da Amurka. Haka lamarin yake a lokacin barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya a 1914. Musamman Birtaniya, da Winston Churchill, a lokacin Shugaban Admiralty na farko, sun san muhimmancin tashar jiragen ruwa ta Antwerp, har Churchill ya isa Antwerp a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 1914 don ɗaukar nauyin tsaron birnin da tashar jiragen ruwa.

A shekarar 1944, a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, sojojin ƙawance sun 'yantar da Antwerp a ranar 4 ga Satumba. Tashar jiragen ruwa da kayan aikin ba su lalace ba kuma ba a buƙatar wani babban aikin sake ginawa ba. Duk da haka, ba a iya amfani da tashar jiragen ruwa ba har sai 28 ga Nuwamba, bayan da aka share hanyoyin shiga bakin teku ta hanyar Yaƙin Scheldt . Walcheren shine mabuɗin da ya ba da damar amfani da tashar jiragen ruwa, wacce ke can nesa da gefen dama na bakin tekun kudancin kogin. Sojojin Kanada da na Burtaniya sun kai wa Walcheren hari kuma a ranar 8 ga Nuwamba an mamaye duk wani juriyar Jamus a tsibirin. An bai wa sojojin Birtaniya babban ɓangare na arewacin tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma yankin kudu da birnin Antwerp. Jirgin ruwa na farko na Amurka James B. Weaver ya isa a ranar 28 ga Nuwamba 1944 tare da ma'aikatan Kamfanin Tashar Jiragen Ruwa na 268 da kayan aikinsu a cikin jirgin. A tsakiyar Disamba, tashar jiragen ruwa tana aiki cikin manyan kayan aiki, kuma a matsakaici, Amurkawa sun ɗauki kimanin fararen hula 9,000 aiki. Duk da hare-haren sama na abokan gaba, rokoki da bama-bamai, ba a taɓa dakatar da ayyukansu gaba ɗaya ba, duk da cewa an katse su. A rabin farko na shekarar 1945, matsakaicin adadin kayan da aka fitar ya kai tan miliyan 0.5 a kowane wata. Bayan ƙarshen yaƙin a Turai, an yi amfani da tashar jiragen ruwa don jigilar harsasai, motoci, tankuna da ma'aikata zuwa Tekun Pacific . Bayan mika wuya ga Japan, an tura jigilar kayayyaki zuwa Amurka. Tun daga watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1945 ayyukan suka ragu kuma zuwa Oktoba na shekarar 1946 duk ayyukan Sojojin Amurka sun tsaya cak.